version 1.1, 2014/08/08 16:45:39 |
version 1.3, 2014/08/11 01:39:00 |
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Installing mdocml, the portable mandoc distribution |
About mdocml, the portable mandoc distribution |
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The mandoc manpage compiler toolset is a suite of tools compiling |
The mandoc manpage compiler toolset is a suite of tools compiling |
mdoc(7), the roff(7) macro language of choice for BSD manual pages, |
mdoc(7), the roff(7) macro language of choice for BSD manual pages, |
and man(7), the predominant historical language for UNIX manuals. |
and man(7), the predominant historical language for UNIX manuals. |
For general information, see: http://mdocml.bsd.lv/ |
The toolset does not yet implement man(1); that is only scheduled |
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for the next release, 1.13.2. It can, however, already serve to |
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translate source manpages to the output displayed by man(1). |
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For general information, see <http://mdocml.bsd.lv/>. |
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In this document, we describe the installation and deployment of |
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mandoc(1), first as a simple, standalone formatter, and then as part of |
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the man(1) system. |
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In case you have questions or want to provide feedback, read |
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<http://mdocml.bsd.lv/contact.html>. Consider subscribing to the |
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discuss@ mailing list mentioned on that page. If you intend to |
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help with the development of mandoc, consider subscribing to the |
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tech@ mailing list, too. |
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Enjoy using the mandoc toolset! |
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Ingo Schwarze, Karlsruhe, August 2014 |
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Installation |
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Before manually installing mandoc on your system, please check |
Before manually installing mandoc on your system, please check |
whether the newest version of mandoc is already installed by default |
whether the newest version of mandoc is already installed by default |
or available via a binary package or a ports system. A list of the |
or available via a binary package or a ports system. A list of the |
latest bundled and ported versions of mandoc for various operating |
latest bundled and ported versions of mandoc for various operating |
systems is maintained at: http://mdocml.bsd.lv/ports.html |
systems is maintained at <http://mdocml.bsd.lv/ports.html>. |
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If mandoc is installed, you can check the version by typing: mandoc -V |
If mandoc is installed, you can check the version by running "mandoc -V". |
The version contained in this distribution tarball is listed near |
The version contained in this distribution tarball is listed near |
the beginning of the file "Makefile". Regarding how packages and |
the beginning of the file "Makefile". |
ports are maintained for your operating system, please consult your |
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operating system documentation. |
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Regarding how packages and ports are maintained for your operating |
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system, please consult your operating system documentation. |
To install mandoc manually, the following steps are needed: |
To install mandoc manually, the following steps are needed: |
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1. Decide whether you want to build just the basic tools mandoc(1), |
1. Decide whether you want to build the base tools mandoc(1), |
preconv(1) and demandoc(1) or whether you also want to build the |
preconv(1) and demandoc(1) only or whether you also want to build the |
database tools apropos(1) and makewhatis(8). For the latter, a |
database tools apropos(1) and makewhatis(8). For the latter, |
working installation of SQLite is required, see: http://sqlite.org/ |
the following dependencies are required: |
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1.1. The SQLite database system, see <http://sqlite.org/>. |
The recommended version of SQLite is 3.8.4.3 or newer. The mandoc |
The recommended version of SQLite is 3.8.4.3 or newer. The mandoc |
toolset is known to work with version 3.7.5 or newer. Versions |
toolset is known to work with version 3.7.5 or newer. Versions |
older than 3.8.3 may not achieve full performance due to the |
older than 3.8.3 may not achieve full performance due to the |
missing SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC optimization flag. Versions older |
missing SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC optimization flag. Versions older |
than 3.8.0 may not show full error information if opening a database |
than 3.8.0 may not show full error information if opening a database |
fails due to the missing sqlite3_errstr() API. Both are very minor |
fails due to the missing sqlite3_errstr() API. Both are very minor |
problems, apropos(1) is fully usable with SQLite 3.7.5. |
problems, apropos(1) is fully usable with SQLite 3.7.5. Versions |
The database tools also require Marc Espie's ohash(3) library; |
older than 3.7.5 may or may not work, they have not been tested. |
if your system does not have it, the bundled compatibility version |
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1.2. The fts(3) directory traversion functions. |
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If your system does not have them, the bundled compatibility version |
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will be used, so you need not worry in that case. But be careful: the |
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glibc version of fts(3) is known to be broken on 32bit platforms, |
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see <https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=15838>. |
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1.3. Marc Espie's ohash(3) library. |
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If your system does not have it, the bundled compatibility version |
will be used, so you probably need not worry about it. |
will be used, so you probably need not worry about it. |
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2. If you choose to build the database tools, too, decide whether |
2. If you choose to build the database tools, too, decide whether |
Line 47 disable "BUILD_TARGETS += db-build" if you do not want |
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Line 75 disable "BUILD_TARGETS += db-build" if you do not want |
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support or enable "BUILD_TARGETS += cgi-build" if you do want |
support or enable "BUILD_TARGETS += cgi-build" if you do want |
the CGI program. |
the CGI program. |
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4. Run the command "make". No separate "./configure" or "make |
4. Run "make". No separate "./configure" or "make depend" steps |
depend" steps are needed. The former is run automatically by "make". |
are needed. The former is run automatically by "make". The latter |
The latter is a maintainer target. If you merely want to build the |
is a maintainer target. If you merely want to build the released |
released version as opposed to doing active development, there is |
version as opposed to doing active development, there is no need |
no need to regenerate the dependency specifications. Any |
to regenerate the dependency specifications. Any POSIX-compatible |
POSIX-compatible make, in particular both BSD make and GNU make, |
make, in particular both BSD make and GNU make, should work. |
is supposed to work. |
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5. Run the command "make -n install" and check whether everything |
5. Run "make -n install" and check whether everything will be |
will be installed to the intended places. Otherwise, edit the *DIR |
installed to the intended places. Otherwise, edit the *DIR variables |
variables in the Makefile until it is. |
in the Makefile until it is. |
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6. Run "sudo make install". Instead, if you intend to build a binary |
6. Run "sudo make install". If you intend to build a binary |
package using some kind of fake root mechanism, you may need a |
package using some kind of fake root mechanism, you may need a |
command like "make DESTDIR=... install". Read the *-install targets |
command like "make DESTDIR=... install". Read the *-install targets |
in the "Makefile" to understand how DESTDIR is used. |
in the "Makefile" to understand how DESTDIR is used. |
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7. To set up a man.cgi(8) server, read its manual page. |
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8. To use mandoc(1) as your man(1) formatter, read the "Deployment" |
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section below. |
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Checking autoconfiguration quality |
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---------------------------------- |
If you want to check whether automatic configuration works well |
If you want to check whether automatic configuration works well |
on your platform, consider the following: |
on your platform, consider the following: |
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Line 108 check that no expected "#define HAVE_*" lines are miss |
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Line 142 check that no expected "#define HAVE_*" lines are miss |
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list of tests run can be found in the file "configure". |
list of tests run can be found in the file "configure". |
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In case you have questions or want to provide feedback, look at: |
Deployment |
http://mdocml.bsd.lv/contact.html |
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If you want to integrate the mandoc(1) tools with your existing |
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man(1) system as a formatter, then contact us first: on systems without |
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mandoc(1) as the default, you may have your work cut out for you! |
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Usually, you can have your default installation and mandoc(1) work right |
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alongside each other by using user-specific versions of the files |
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mentioned below. |
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Consider subscribing to the discuss@ mailing list mentioned on that |
0. Back up each file you want to change! |
page. If you intend to help with the development of mandoc, consider |
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subscribing to the tech@ mailing list, too. |
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Enjoy using the mandoc toolset! |
1. First see whether your system has "/etc/man.conf" or "/etc/manpath.conf" |
Ingo Schwarze, Karlsruhe, August 2014 |
(if it has neither, but man(1) is functional, then let us know) or, |
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if running as your own user, a per-user override file. In either |
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case, find where man(1) is executing nroff(1) or groff(1) to format |
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manuals. Replace these calls with mandoc(1). |
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2. Then make sure that man(1) isn't running preprocessors, so you may |
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need to replace tbl(1), eqn(1), and similar references with cat(1). |
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Some man(1) implementations, like that on Mac OSX, let you run "man -d" |
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to see how the formatter is invoked. Use this to test your changes. On |
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Mac OS X, for instance, man(1) will prepend all files with ".ll" and |
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".nr" to set the terminal size, so you need to pass "tail -n+2 | |
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mandoc(1)" to disregard them. |
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3. Finally, make sure that mandoc(1) is actually being invoked instead |
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of cached pages being pulled up. You can usually do this by commenting |
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out NOCACHE or similar. |
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mandoc(1) still has a long way to go in understanding non-trivial |
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low-level roff(7) markup embedded in some man(7) pages. On the BSD |
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systems using mandoc(1), third-party software is generally vetted |
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on whether it may be formatted with mandoc(1). If not, groff(1) |
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is pulled in as a dependency and used to install a pre-formatted |
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"catpage" intead of directly as manual page source. |
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For more background on switching operating systems to use mandoc(1) |
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instead of groff(1) to format manuals, see the two BSDCan presentations |
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by Ingo Schwarze: |
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<http://www.openbsd.org/papers/bsdcan11-mandoc-openbsd.html> |
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<http://www.openbsd.org/papers/bsdcan14-mandoc.pdf> |