Annotation of mandoc/INSTALL, Revision 1.2
1.2 ! schwarze 1: $Id: INSTALL,v 1.1 2014/08/08 16:45:39 schwarze Exp $
1.1 schwarze 2:
1.2 ! schwarze 3: About mdocml, the portable mandoc distribution
! 4: ----------------------------------------------
1.1 schwarze 5: The mandoc manpage compiler toolset is a suite of tools compiling
6: mdoc(7), the roff(7) macro language of choice for BSD manual pages,
7: and man(7), the predominant historical language for UNIX manuals.
1.2 ! schwarze 8: The toolset does not yet implement man(1); that is only scheduled
! 9: for the next release, 1.13.2. It can, however, already serve to
! 10: translate source manpages to the output displayed by man(1).
! 11: For general information, see <http://mdocml.bsd.lv/>.
! 12:
! 13: In this document, we describe the installation and deployment of
! 14: mandoc(1), first as a simple, standalone formatter, and then as part of
! 15: the man(1) system.
! 16:
! 17: In case you have questions or want to provide feedback, read
! 18: <http://mdocml.bsd.lv/contact.html>. Consider subscribing to the
! 19: discuss@ mailing list mentioned on that page. If you intend to
! 20: help with the development of mandoc, consider subscribing to the
! 21: tech@ mailing list, too.
! 22:
! 23: Enjoy using the mandoc toolset!
! 24:
! 25: Ingo Schwarze, Karlsruhe, August 2014
! 26:
1.1 schwarze 27:
1.2 ! schwarze 28: Installation
! 29: ------------
1.1 schwarze 30: Before manually installing mandoc on your system, please check
31: whether the newest version of mandoc is already installed by default
32: or available via a binary package or a ports system. A list of the
33: latest bundled and ported versions of mandoc for various operating
1.2 ! schwarze 34: systems is maintained at <http://mdocml.bsd.lv/ports.html>.
1.1 schwarze 35:
1.2 ! schwarze 36: If mandoc is installed, you can check the version by running "mandoc -V".
1.1 schwarze 37: The version contained in this distribution tarball is listed near
1.2 ! schwarze 38: the beginning of the file "Makefile".
1.1 schwarze 39:
1.2 ! schwarze 40: Regarding how packages and ports are maintained for your operating
! 41: system, please consult your operating system documentation.
! 42: To install mandoc manually, the following steps are needed:
1.1 schwarze 43:
1.2 ! schwarze 44: 1. Decide whether you want to build the base tools mandoc(1),
! 45: preconv(1) and demandoc(1) only or whether you also want to build the
! 46: database tools apropos(1) and makewhatis(8). For the latter,
! 47: the following dependencies are required:
1.1 schwarze 48:
1.2 ! schwarze 49: 1.1. The SQLite database system, see <http://sqlite.org/>.
1.1 schwarze 50: The recommended version of SQLite is 3.8.4.3 or newer. The mandoc
51: toolset is known to work with version 3.7.5 or newer. Versions
52: older than 3.8.3 may not achieve full performance due to the
53: missing SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC optimization flag. Versions older
54: than 3.8.0 may not show full error information if opening a database
55: fails due to the missing sqlite3_errstr() API. Both are very minor
1.2 ! schwarze 56: problems, apropos(1) is fully usable with SQLite 3.7.5. Versions
! 57: older than 3.7.5 may or may not work, they have not been tested.
! 58:
! 59: 1.2. The fts(3) directory traversion functions.
! 60: A compatibility version will be bundled for 1.13.2 but is not available
! 61: yet. If you want apropos(1) and makewhatis(8) but do not have fts(3),
! 62: please stay with mandoc 1.12.3 for now and upgrade first to 1.12.4,
! 63: then to 1.13.2 when these versionns are released. Be careful: the
! 64: glibc version of fts(3) is known to be broken on 32bit platforms,
! 65: see <https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=15838>.
! 66:
! 67: 1.3. Marc Espie's ohash(3) library.
! 68: If your system does not have it, the bundled compatibility version
1.1 schwarze 69: will be used, so you probably need not worry about it.
70:
71: 2. If you choose to build the database tools, too, decide whether
72: you also want to build the CGI program, man.cgi(8).
73:
74: 3. Read the beginning of the file "Makefile" from "USER SETTINGS"
75: to "END OF USER SETTINGS" and edit it as required. In particular,
76: disable "BUILD_TARGETS += db-build" if you do not want database
77: support or enable "BUILD_TARGETS += cgi-build" if you do want
78: the CGI program.
79:
1.2 ! schwarze 80: 4. Run "make". No separate "./configure" or "make depend" steps
! 81: are needed. The former is run automatically by "make". The latter
! 82: is a maintainer target. If you merely want to build the released
! 83: version as opposed to doing active development, there is no need
! 84: to regenerate the dependency specifications. Any POSIX-compatible
! 85: make, in particular both BSD make and GNU make, should work.
! 86:
! 87: 5. Run "make -n install" and check whether everything will be
! 88: installed to the intended places. Otherwise, edit the *DIR variables
! 89: in the Makefile until it is.
1.1 schwarze 90:
1.2 ! schwarze 91: 6. Run "sudo make install". If you intend to build a binary
1.1 schwarze 92: package using some kind of fake root mechanism, you may need a
93: command like "make DESTDIR=... install". Read the *-install targets
94: in the "Makefile" to understand how DESTDIR is used.
95:
1.2 ! schwarze 96: 7. To set up a man.cgi(8) server, read its manual page.
! 97:
! 98: 8. To use mandoc(1) as your man(1) formatter, read the "Deployment"
! 99: section below.
! 100:
1.1 schwarze 101:
1.2 ! schwarze 102: Checking autoconfiguration quality
! 103: ----------------------------------
1.1 schwarze 104: If you want to check whether automatic configuration works well
105: on your platform, consider the following:
106:
107: The mandoc package intentionally does not use GNU autoconf because
108: we consider that toolset a blatant example of overengineering that
109: is obsolete nowadays, since all modern operating systems are now
110: reasonably close to POSIX and do not need arcane shell magic any
111: longer. If your system does need such magic, consider upgrading
112: to reasonably modern POSIX-compliant tools rather than asking for
113: autoconf-style workarounds.
114:
115: As far as mandoc is using any features not mandated by ANSI X3.159-1989
116: ("ANSI C") or IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 ("POSIX") that some modern systems
117: do not have, we intend to provide autoconfiguration tests and
118: compat_*.c implementations. Please report any that turn out to be
119: missing. Note that while we do strive to produce portable code,
120: we do not slavishly restrict ourselves to POSIX-only interfaces.
121: For improved security and readability, we do use well-designed,
122: modern interfaces like reallocarray(3) even if they are still rather
123: uncommon, of course bundling compat_*.c implementations as needed.
124:
125: Where mandoc is using ANSI C or POSIX features that some systems
126: still lack and that compat_*.c implementations can be provided for
127: without too much hassle, we will consider adding them, too, so
128: please report whatever is missing on your platform.
129:
130: The following steps can be used to manually check the automatic
131: configuration on your platform:
132:
133: 1. Run "make clean".
134:
135: 2. Run "make config.h"
136:
137: 3. Read the file "config.log". It shows the compiler commands used
138: to test the libraries installed on your system and the standard
139: output and standard error output these commands produce. Watch out
140: for unexpected failures. Those are most likely to happen if headers
141: or libraries are installed in unusual places or interfaces defined
142: in unusual headers. You can also look at the file "config.h" and
143: check that no expected "#define HAVE_*" lines are missing. The
144: list of tests run can be found in the file "configure".
145:
146:
1.2 ! schwarze 147: Deployment
! 148: ----------
! 149: If you want to integrate the mandoc(1) tools with your existing
! 150: man(1) system as a formatter, then contact us first: on systems without
! 151: mandoc(1) as the default, you may have your work cut out for you!
! 152: Usually, you can have your default installation and mandoc(1) work right
! 153: alongside each other by using user-specific versions of the files
! 154: mentioned below.
! 155:
! 156: 0. Back up each file you want to change!
! 157:
! 158: 1. First see whether your system has "/etc/man.conf" or "/etc/manpath.conf"
! 159: (if it has neither, but man(1) is functional, then let us know) or,
! 160: if running as your own user, a per-user override file. In either
! 161: case, find where man(1) is executing nroff(1) or groff(1) to format
! 162: manuals. Replace these calls with mandoc(1).
! 163:
! 164: 2. Then make sure that man(1) isn't running preprocessors, so you may
! 165: need to replace tbl(1), eqn(1), and similar references with cat(1).
! 166: Some man(1) implementations, like that on Mac OSX, let you run "man -d"
! 167: to see how the formatter is invoked. Use this to test your changes. On
! 168: Mac OS X, for instance, man(1) will prepend all files with ".ll" and
! 169: ".nr" to set the terminal size, so you need to pass "tail -n+2 |
! 170: mandoc(1)" to disregard them.
! 171:
! 172: 3. Finally, make sure that mandoc(1) is actually being invoked instead
! 173: of cached pages being pulled up. You can usually do this by commenting
! 174: out NOCACHE or similar.
! 175:
! 176: mandoc(1) still has a long way to go in understanding non-trivial
! 177: low-level roff(7) markup embedded in some man(7) pages. On the BSD
! 178: systems using mandoc(1), third-party software is generally vetted
! 179: on whether it may be formatted with mandoc(1). If not, groff(1)
! 180: is pulled in as a dependency and used to install a pre-formatted
! 181: "catpage" intead of directly as manual page source.
! 182:
! 183: For more background on switching operating systems to use mandoc(1)
! 184: instead of groff(1) to format manuals, see the two BSDCan presentations
! 185: by Ingo Schwarze:
! 186: <http://www.openbsd.org/papers/bsdcan11-mandoc-openbsd.html>
! 187: <http://www.openbsd.org/papers/bsdcan14-mandoc.pdf>
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