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Diff for /mandoc/mandoc.1 between version 1.144 and 1.165

version 1.144, 2015/02/04 19:20:12

version 1.165, 2016/12/28 17:34:18

Line 23

.Nd format and display UNIX manuals

.Sh SYNOPSIS

.Nm mandoc

.Op Fl acfhklV

.Op Fl acfhkl

.Sm off

.Op Fl I Cm os Ns = Ns Ar name

.Op Fl I Cm os Li = Ar name

.Op Fl K Ar encoding

.Sm on

.Op Fl K Ns Ar encoding

.Op Fl m Ns Ar format

.Op Fl O Ns Ar option

.Op Fl O Ar option

.Op Fl T Ns Ar output

.Op Fl T Ar output

.Op Fl W Ns Ar level

.Op Fl W Ar level

.Op Ar

.Sh DESCRIPTION

The

Line 49 or

Line 47 or

text from stdin, implying

.Fl m Ns Cm andoc ,

and produces

.Fl T Ns Cm locale

.Fl T Cm locale

output.

.Pp

The options are as follows:

Line 77 This overrides any earlier

Line 75 This overrides any earlier

and

.Fl l

options.

.Sm off

.It Fl I Cm os Ns = Ns Ar name

.It Fl I Cm os Li = Ar name

.Sm on

Override the default operating system

.Ar name

for the

Line 93 macro.

Line 89 macro.

Display only the SYNOPSIS lines.

Implies

.Fl c .

.It Fl K Ns Ar encoding

.It Fl K Ar encoding

Specify the input encoding.

The supported

.Ar encoding

Line 141 See

Line 137 See

for available formats.

Defaults to

.Fl m Ns Cm andoc .

.It Fl O Ns Ar option

.It Fl O Ar option

Comma-separated output options.

.It Fl T Ns Ar output

.It Fl T Ar output

Output format.

See

.Sx Output Formats

for available formats.

Defaults to

.Fl T Ns Cm locale .

.Fl T Cm locale .

.It Fl V

.It Fl W Ar level

Print version and exit.

.It Fl W Ns Ar level

Specify the minimum message

.Ar level

to be reported on the standard error output and to affect the exit status.

Line 176 and

Line 170 and

for details.

.Pp

The special option

.Fl W Ns Cm stop

.Fl W Cm stop

tells

.Nm

to exit after parsing a file that causes warnings or errors of at least

Line 187 If both a

Line 181 If both a

and

.Cm stop

are requested, they can be joined with a comma, for example

.Fl W Ns Cm error , Ns Cm stop .

.Fl W Cm error , Ns Cm stop .

.It Ar file

Read input from zero or more files.

If unspecified, reads from stdin.

Line 256 The

Line 250 The

utility accepts the following

.Fl T

arguments, which correspond to output modes:

.Bl -tag -width "-Tlocale"

.Bl -tag -width "-T locale"

.It Fl T Ns Cm ascii

.It Fl T Cm ascii

Produce 7-bit ASCII output.

See

.Sx ASCII Output .

.It Fl T Ns Cm html

.It Fl T Cm html

Produce HTML5, CSS1, and MathML output.

See

.Sx HTML Output .

.It Fl T Ns Cm lint

.It Fl T Cm lint

Parse only: produce no output.

Implies

.Fl W Ns Cm warning .

.Fl W Cm warning .

.It Fl T Ns Cm locale

.It Fl T Cm locale

Encode output using the current locale.

This is the default.

See

.Sx Locale Output .

.It Fl T Ns Cm man

.It Fl T Cm man

Produce

.Xr man 7

format output.

See

.Sx Man Output .

.It Fl T Ns Cm pdf

.It Fl T Cm pdf

Produce PDF output.

See

.Sx PDF Output .

.It Fl T Ns Cm ps

.It Fl T Cm ps

Produce PostScript output.

See

.Sx PostScript Output .

.It Fl T Ns Cm tree

.It Fl T Cm tree

Produce an indented parse tree.

.It Fl T Ns Cm utf8

See

.Sx Syntax tree output .

.It Fl T Cm utf8

Encode output in the UTF\-8 multi-byte format.

See

.Sx UTF\-8 Output .

.It Fl T Ns Cm xhtml

.It Fl T Cm xhtml

This is a synonym for

.Fl T Ns Cm html .

.Fl T Cm html .

.El

.Pp

If multiple input files are specified, these will be processed by the

corresponding filter in-order.

.Ss ASCII Output

Output produced by

.Fl T Ns Cm ascii

.Fl T Cm ascii

is rendered in standard 7-bit ASCII documented in

.Xr ascii 7 .

.Pp

Line 345 which will normalise to \(>=58.

Line 341 which will normalise to \(>=58.

.El

.Ss HTML Output

Output produced by

.Fl T Ns Cm html

.Fl T Cm html

conforms to HTML5 using optional self-closing tags.

Default styles use only CSS1.

Equations rendered from

Line 353 Equations rendered from

Line 349 Equations rendered from

blocks use MathML.

.Pp

The

.Pa example.style.css

.Pa mandoc.css

file documents style-sheet classes available for customising output.

If a style-sheet is not specified with

.Fl O Ns Ar style ,

.Fl O Cm style ,

.Fl T Ns Cm html

.Fl T Cm html

defaults to simple output (via an embedded style-sheet)

readable in any graphical or text-based web

browser.

Line 413 relative URI.

Line 409 relative URI.

.El

.Ss Locale Output

Locale-depending output encoding is triggered with

.Fl T Ns Cm locale .

.Fl T Cm locale .

This is the default.

.Pp

This option is not available on all systems: systems without locale

support, or those whose internal representation is not natively UCS-4,

will fall back to

.Fl T Ns Cm ascii .

.Fl T Cm ascii .

See

.Sx ASCII Output

for font style specification and available command-line arguments.

Line 449 level controls which

Line 445 level controls which

are displayed before copying the input to the output.

.Ss PDF Output

PDF-1.1 output may be generated by

.Fl T Ns Cm pdf .

.Fl T Cm pdf .

See

.Sx PostScript Output

for

Line 459 arguments and defaults.

Line 455 arguments and defaults.

PostScript

.Qq Adobe-3.0

Level-2 pages may be generated by

.Fl T Ns Cm ps .

.Fl T Cm ps .

Output pages default to letter sized and are rendered in the Times font

family, 11-point.

Margins are calculated as 1/9 the page length and width.

Line 491 is used.

Line 487 is used.

.El

.Ss UTF\-8 Output

Use

.Fl T Ns Cm utf8

.Fl T Cm utf8

to force a UTF\-8 locale.

See

.Sx Locale Output

for details and options.

.Ss Syntax tree output

Use

.Fl T Cm tree

to show a human readable representation of the syntax tree.

It is useful for debugging the source code of manual pages.

The exact format is subject to change, so don't write parsers for it.

Each output line shows one syntax tree node.

Child nodes are indented with respect to their parent node.

The columns are:

.Pp

.Bl -enum -compact

.It

For macro nodes, the macro name; for text and

.Xr tbl 7

nodes, the content.

There is a special format for

.Xr eqn 7

nodes.

.It

Node type (text, elem, block, head, body, body-end, tail, tbl, eqn).

.It

Flags:

.Bl -dash -compact

.It

An opening parenthesis if the node is an opening delimiter.

.It

An asterisk if the node starts a new input line.

.It

The input line number (starting at one).

.It

A colon.

.It

The input column number (starting at one).

.It

A closing parenthesis if the node is a closing delimiter.

.It

A full stop if the node ends a sentence.

.El

.Sh ENVIRONMENT

.Bl -tag -width MANPAGER

.It Ev MANPAGER

Line 508 Specifies the pagination program to use when

Line 543 Specifies the pagination program to use when

.Ev MANPAGER

is not defined.

If neither PAGER nor MANPAGER is defined,

.Pa /usr/bin/more Fl s

.Xr more 1

.Fl s

will be used.

.El

.Sh EXIT STATUS

Line 527 they were lower than the requested

Line 563 they were lower than the requested

.Ar level .

.It 2

At least one warning occurred, but no error, and

.Fl W Ns Cm warning

.Fl W Cm warning

was specified.

.It 3

At least one parsing error occurred,

but no unsupported feature was encountered, and

.Fl W Ns Cm error

.Fl W Cm error

.Fl W Ns Cm warning

.Fl W Cm warning

was specified.

.It 4

At least one unsupported feature was encountered, and

.Fl W Ns Cm unsupp ,

.Fl W Cm unsupp ,

.Fl W Ns Cm error

.Fl W Cm error

.Fl W Ns Cm warning

.Fl W Cm warning

was specified.

.It 5

Invalid command line arguments were specified.

Line 555 to exit at once, possibly in the middle of parsing or

Line 591 to exit at once, possibly in the middle of parsing or

.El

.Pp

Note that selecting

.Fl T Ns Cm lint

.Fl T Cm lint

output mode implies

.Fl W Ns Cm warning .

.Fl W Cm warning .

.Sh EXAMPLES

To page manuals to the terminal:

.Pp

.Dl $ mandoc \-Wall,stop mandoc.1 2\*(Gt&1 | less

.Dl $ mandoc \-W all,stop mandoc.1 2\*(Gt&1 | less

.Dl $ mandoc mandoc.1 mdoc.3 mdoc.7 | less

.Pp

To produce HTML manuals with

.Ar style.css

.Pa mandoc.css

as the style-sheet:

.Pp

.Dl $ mandoc \-Thtml -Ostyle=style.css mdoc.7 \*(Gt mdoc.7.html

.Dl $ mandoc \-T html -O style=mandoc.css mdoc.7 \*(Gt mdoc.7.html

.Pp

To check over a large set of manuals:

.Pp

.Dl $ mandoc \-Tlint `find /usr/src -name \e*\e.[1-9]`

.Dl $ mandoc \-T lint \(gafind /usr/src -name \e*\e.[1-9]\(ga

.Pp

To produce a series of PostScript manuals for A4 paper:

.Pp

.Dl $ mandoc \-Tps \-Opaper=a4 mdoc.7 man.7 \*(Gt manuals.ps

.Dl $ mandoc \-T ps \-O paper=a4 mdoc.7 man.7 \*(Gt manuals.ps

.Pp

Convert a modern

.Xr mdoc 7

Line 586 format, for use on systems lacking an

Line 622 format, for use on systems lacking an

.Xr mdoc 7

parser:

.Pp

.Dl $ mandoc \-Tman foo.mdoc \*(Gt foo.man

.Dl $ mandoc \-T man foo.mdoc \*(Gt foo.man

.Sh DIAGNOSTICS

Messages displayed by

.Nm

Line 653 levels except those about non-existent or unreadable i

Line 689 levels except those about non-existent or unreadable i

are hidden unless their level, or a lower level, is requested using a

.Fl W

option or

.Fl T Ns Cm lint

.Fl T Cm lint

output mode.

.Ss Warnings related to the document prologue

.Bl -ohang

Line 729 macro occurs after some non-prologue macro, but still

Line 765 macro occurs after some non-prologue macro, but still

.Pq mdoc

The

.Ic \&Dt

macro can only occur before the first non-prologue macro

macro appears after the first non-prologue macro.

because traditional formatters write the page header

Traditional formatters cannot handle this because

before parsing the document body.

they write the page header before parsing the document body.

Even though this technical restriction does not apply to

.Nm ,

traditional semantics is preserved.

Line 773 This may confuse

Line 809 This may confuse

.Xr makewhatis 8

and

.Xr apropos 1 .

.It Sy "bad NAME section contents"

.It Sy "NAME section without name"

.Pq mdoc

The last node in the NAME section is not an

The NAME section does not contain any

.Ic \&Nm

child macro.

.It Sy "NAME section without description"

.Pq mdoc

The NAME section lacks the mandatory

.Ic \&Nd

macro, or any preceding macro is not

child macro.

.Ic \&Nm ,

.It Sy "description not at the end of NAME"

or the NAME section is completely empty.

.Pq mdoc

This may confuse

The NAME section does contain an

.Xr makewhatis 8

.Ic \&Nd

child macro, but other content follows it.

.It Sy "bad NAME section content"

.Pq mdoc

The NAME section contains plain text or macros other than

.Ic \&Nm

and

.Xr apropos 1 .

.Ic \&Nd .

.It Sy "missing description line, using \(dq\(dq"

.Pq mdoc

The

Line 809 In the SEE ALSO section, an

Line 855 In the SEE ALSO section, an

macro with a lower section number follows one with a higher number,

or two

.Ic \&Xr

macros refering to the same section are out of alphabetical order.

macros referring to the same section are out of alphabetical order.

.It Sy "unusual Xr punctuation"

.Pq mdoc

In the SEE ALSO section, punctuation between two

Line 836 manual for replacements.

Line 882 manual for replacements.

.Pq mdoc

The name of a macro that is not callable appears on a macro line.

It is printed verbatim.

If the intention is to call it, move it to its own line;

If the intention is to call it, move it to its own input line;

otherwise, escape it by prepending

.Sq \e& .

.It Sy "skipping paragraph macro"

Line 929 list block contains text or macros before the first

Line 975 list block contains text or macros before the first

.Ic \&It

macro.

The offending children are moved before the beginning of the list.

.It Sy ".Vt block has child macro"

.Pq mdoc

The

.Ic \&Vt

macro supports plain text arguments only.

Formatting may be ugly and semantic searching

for the affected content might not work.

.It Sy "fill mode already enabled, skipping"

.Pq man

Line 995 clause.

Line 1034 clause.

.It Sy "skipping empty macro"

.Pq mdoc

The indicated macro has no arguments and hence no effect.

.It Sy "empty block"

.Pq mdoc , man

.Ic \&Bd ,

.Ic \&Bk ,

.Ic \&Bl ,

.Ic \&D1 ,

.Ic \&Dl ,

.Ic \&RS ,

.Ic \&UR

block contains nothing in its body and will produce no output.

.It Sy "empty argument, using 0n"

.Pq mdoc

The required width is missing after

Line 1004 or

Line 1055 or

.Fl offset

.Fl width.

.It Sy "argument count wrong"

.Pq mdoc , man

The indicated macro has too few or too many arguments.

The syntax tree will contain the wrong number of arguments as given.

Formatting behaviour depends on the specific macro in question.

Note that the same message may also occur as an ERROR, see below.

.It Sy "missing display type, using -ragged"

.Pq mdoc

The

Line 1041 The

Line 1086 The

macro is called without an argument before

.Ic \&Nm

has first been called with an argument.

.It Sy "missing function name, using \(dq\(dq"

.Pq mdoc

The

.Ic \&Fo

macro is called without an argument.

No function name is printed.

.It Sy "empty head in list item"

.Pq mdoc

In a

Line 1068 list, an

Line 1119 list, an

.Ic \&It

block is empty.

An empty list item is shown.

.It Sy "missing font type"

.It Sy "missing font type, using \efR"

.Pq mdoc

.Ic \&Bf

macro has no argument.

It switches to the default font,

It switches to the default font.

.Cm \efR .

.It Sy "unknown font type, using \efR"

.It Sy "unknown font type"

.Pq mdoc

The

.Ic \&Bf

argument is invalid.

The default font

The default font is used instead.

.Cm \efR

is used instead.

.It Sy "nothing follows prefix"

.Pq mdoc

Line 1099 macro is immediately followed by an

Line 1147 macro is immediately followed by an

.Ic \&Re

macro on the next input line.

Such an empty block does not produce any output.

.It Sy "missing section argument"

.Pq mdoc

.Ic \&Xr

macro lacks its second, section number argument.

The first argument, i.e. the name, is printed, but without subsequent

parantheses.

.It Sy "missing -std argument, adding it"

.Pq mdoc

Line 1113 The

Line 1168 The

utility assumes

.Fl std

even when it is not specified, but other implementations may not.

.It Sy "missing option string, using \(dq\(dq"

.Pq man

The

.Ic \&OP

macro is invoked without any argument.

An empty pair of square brackets is shown.

.It Sy "missing resource identifier, using \(dq\(dq"

.Pq man

The

.Ic \&UR

macro is invoked without any argument.

An empty pair of angle brackets is shown.

.It Sy "missing eqn box, using \(dq\(dq"

.Pq eqn

A diacritic mark or a binary operator is found,

Line 1177 list has a

Line 1244 list has a

.Fl width

argument.

That has no effect.

.It Sy "wrong number of cells"

In a line of a

.Ic \&Bl Fl column

list, the number of tabs or

.Ic \&Ta

macros is less than the number expected from the list header line

or exceeds the expected number by more than one.

Missing cells remain empty, and all cells exceeding the number of

columns are joined into one single cell.

.It Sy "unknown AT&T UNIX version"

.Pq mdoc

Line 1228 request or a

Line 1304 request or a

layout modifier has an unknown

.Ar font

argument.

.It Sy "odd number of characters in request"

.Pq roff

.Ic \&tr

request contains an odd number of characters.

The last character is mapped to the blank character.

.El

.Ss "Warnings related to plain text"

.Bl -ohang

Line 1464 macros as well as tables require explicit closing by d

Line 1546 macros as well as tables require explicit closing by d

A block that doesn't support bad nesting

ends before all of its children are properly closed.

The open child nodes are closed implicitly.

.It Sy "scope open on exit"

.It Sy "appending missing end of block"

.Pq mdoc , man , eqn , tbl , roff

At the end of the document, an explicit

.Xr mdoc 7

Line 1514 When parsing for a request or a user-defined macro nam

Line 1596 When parsing for a request or a user-defined macro nam

only the escape sequence is discarded.

The characters preceding it are used as the request or macro name,

the characters following it are used as the arguments to the request or macro.

.It Sy "argument count wrong"

.Pq mdoc , man , roff

The indicated request or macro has too few or too many arguments.

The syntax tree will contain the wrong number of arguments as given.

Formatting behaviour depends on the specific request or macro in question.

Note that the same message may also occur as a WARNING, see above.

.It Sy "NOT IMPLEMENTED: Bd -file"

.Pq mdoc

For security reasons, the

Line 1531 By requesting the inclusion of a sensitive file, a mal

Line 1607 By requesting the inclusion of a sensitive file, a mal

might otherwise trick a privileged user into inadvertently displaying

the file on the screen, revealing the file content to bystanders.

The argument is ignored including the file name following it.

.It Sy "skipping display without arguments"

.Pq mdoc

.Ic \&Bd

block macro does not have any arguments.

The block is discarded, and the block content is displayed in

whatever mode was active before the block.

.It Sy "missing list type, using -item"

.Pq mdoc

Line 1623 or

Line 1706 or

.Ic \&EN

macro, or a

.Xr roff 7

.Ic \&br

.Ic \&br ,

.Ic \&fi ,

.Ic \&nf

request or

.Sq \&..

block closing request is invoked with at least one argument.

All arguments are ignored.

.It Sy "skipping excess arguments"

.Pq mdoc , man , roff

The

A macro or request is invoked with too many arguments:

.Bl -dash -offset 2n -width 2n -compact

.It

.Ic \&Fo ,

.Ic \&PD ,

.Ic \&RS ,

.Ic \&UR ,

.Ic \&ft ,

.Ic \&sp

with more than one argument

.It

.Ic \&An

macro is invoked with another argument after

with another argument after

.Fl split

.Fl nosplit ,

.Fl nosplit

the

.It

.Ic \&Bf

macro or the

.Ic \&sp

request is invoked with more than one argument, the

.Ic \&RE

macro is invoked with more than one argument

with more than one argument or with a non-integer argument

or with a non-integer argument, or a request of the

.It

.Ic \&OP

or a request of the

.Ic \&de

family is invoked with more than two arguments.

family with more than two arguments

.It

.Ic \&Dt

with more than three arguments

.It

.Ic \&TH

with more than five arguments

.It

.Ic \&Bd ,

.Ic \&Bk ,

.Ic \&Bl

with invalid arguments

.El

The excess arguments are ignored.

.El

.Ss Unsupported features

Line 1704 as if they were a text line.

Line 1812 as if they were a text line.

.Xr roff 7 ,

.Xr tbl 7

.Sh AUTHORS

.An -nosplit

The

.Nm

utility was written by

Line 1712 and is maintained by

Line 1821 and is maintained by

.An Ingo Schwarze Aq Mt schwarze@openbsd.org .

.Sh BUGS

.Fl T Ns Cm html ,

.Fl T Cm html ,

the maximum size of an element attribute is determined by

.Dv BUFSIZ ,

which is usually 1024 bytes.

Be aware of this when setting long link

formats such as

.Fl O Ns Cm style Ns = Ns Ar really/long/link .

.Fl O Cm style Ns = Ns Ar really/long/link .

CVSweb