Annotation of mandoc/mandoc.1, Revision 1.206
1.206 ! schwarze 1: .\" $Id: mandoc.1,v 1.205 2017/06/24 21:08:44 schwarze Exp $
1.1 kristaps 2: .\"
1.92 schwarze 3: .\" Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2011 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv>
1.168 schwarze 4: .\" Copyright (c) 2012, 2014-2017 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>
1.1 kristaps 5: .\"
6: .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
1.16 kristaps 7: .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
8: .\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
1.1 kristaps 9: .\"
1.16 kristaps 10: .\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
11: .\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
12: .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
13: .\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
14: .\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
15: .\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
16: .\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
1.1 kristaps 17: .\"
1.203 schwarze 18: .Dd $Mdocdate: June 24 2017 $
1.14 kristaps 19: .Dt MANDOC 1
1.1 kristaps 20: .Os
21: .Sh NAME
22: .Nm mandoc
1.181 schwarze 23: .Nd format manual pages
1.1 kristaps 24: .Sh SYNOPSIS
25: .Nm mandoc
1.184 schwarze 26: .Op Fl ac
1.156 schwarze 27: .Op Fl I Cm os Ns = Ns Ar name
28: .Op Fl K Ar encoding
1.180 schwarze 29: .Op Fl mdoc | man
1.184 schwarze 30: .Op Fl O Ar options
1.156 schwarze 31: .Op Fl T Ar output
32: .Op Fl W Ar level
1.89 kristaps 33: .Op Ar
1.1 kristaps 34: .Sh DESCRIPTION
35: The
36: .Nm
1.26 kristaps 37: utility formats
1.8 kristaps 38: .Ux
1.57 kristaps 39: manual pages for display.
1.100 kristaps 40: .Pp
41: By default,
42: .Nm
43: reads
44: .Xr mdoc 7
45: or
46: .Xr man 7
1.180 schwarze 47: text from stdin and produces
1.156 schwarze 48: .Fl T Cm locale
1.100 kristaps 49: output.
50: .Pp
1.109 schwarze 51: The options are as follows:
1.19 kristaps 52: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.107 schwarze 53: .It Fl a
54: If the standard output is a terminal device and
55: .Fl c
56: is not specified, use
57: .Xr more 1
58: to paginate the output, just like
59: .Xr man 1
60: would.
61: .It Fl c
62: Copy the formatted manual pages to the standard output without using
63: .Xr more 1
64: to paginate them.
65: This is the default.
66: It can be specified to override
67: .Fl a .
1.156 schwarze 68: .It Fl I Cm os Ns = Ns Ar name
1.101 schwarze 69: Override the default operating system
70: .Ar name
71: for the
72: .Xr mdoc 7
1.180 schwarze 73: .Ic \&Os
1.130 schwarze 74: and for the
75: .Xr man 7
1.180 schwarze 76: .Ic \&TH
1.101 schwarze 77: macro.
1.156 schwarze 78: .It Fl K Ar encoding
1.119 schwarze 79: Specify the input encoding.
80: The supported
81: .Ar encoding
82: arguments are
83: .Cm us-ascii ,
84: .Cm iso-8859-1 ,
85: and
86: .Cm utf-8 .
1.176 schwarze 87: If not specified, autodetection uses the first match in the following
88: list:
89: .Bl -enum
90: .It
91: If the first three bytes of the input file are the UTF-8 byte order
92: mark (BOM, 0xefbbbf), input is interpreted as
93: .Cm utf-8 .
94: .It
95: If the first or second line of the input file matches the
1.119 schwarze 96: .Sy emacs
97: mode line format
98: .Pp
99: .D1 .\e" -*- Oo ...; Oc coding: Ar encoding ; No -*-
1.176 schwarze 100: .Pp
101: then input is interpreted according to
102: .Ar encoding .
103: .It
104: If the first non-ASCII byte in the file introduces a valid UTF-8
105: sequence, input is interpreted as
106: .Cm utf-8 .
107: .It
108: Otherwise, input is interpreted as
109: .Cm iso-8859-1 .
1.119 schwarze 110: .El
1.180 schwarze 111: .It Fl mdoc | man
112: With
113: .Fl mdoc ,
114: all input files are interpreted as
115: .Xr mdoc 7 .
116: With
117: .Fl man ,
118: all input files are interpreted as
119: .Xr man 7 .
120: By default, the input language is automatically detected for each file:
121: if the the first macro is
122: .Ic \&Dd
123: or
124: .Ic \&Dt ,
125: the
126: .Xr mdoc 7
127: parser is used; otherwise, the
128: .Xr man 7
129: parser is used.
130: With other arguments,
131: .Fl m
132: is silently ignored.
1.184 schwarze 133: .It Fl O Ar options
1.57 kristaps 134: Comma-separated output options.
1.156 schwarze 135: .It Fl T Ar output
1.57 kristaps 136: Output format.
137: See
1.1 kristaps 138: .Sx Output Formats
1.57 kristaps 139: for available formats.
140: Defaults to
1.156 schwarze 141: .Fl T Cm locale .
142: .It Fl W Ar level
1.77 schwarze 143: Specify the minimum message
144: .Ar level
145: to be reported on the standard error output and to affect the exit status.
146: The
147: .Ar level
148: can be
1.202 schwarze 149: .Cm base ,
1.185 schwarze 150: .Cm style ,
1.133 schwarze 151: .Cm warning ,
152: .Cm error ,
1.77 schwarze 153: or
1.202 schwarze 154: .Cm unsupp .
155: The
156: .Cm base
157: level automatically derives the operating system from the contents of the
158: .Ic \&Os
159: macro, from the
160: .Fl Ios
161: command line option, or from the
162: .Xr uname 3
163: return value.
164: The levels
165: .Cm openbsd
166: and
167: .Cm netbsd
168: are variants of
169: .Cm base
170: that bypass autodetection and request validation of base system
171: conventions for a particular operating system.
172: The level
1.132 schwarze 173: .Cm all
1.77 schwarze 174: is an alias for
1.202 schwarze 175: .Cm base .
1.132 schwarze 176: By default,
177: .Nm
178: is silent.
1.77 schwarze 179: See
180: .Sx EXIT STATUS
181: and
182: .Sx DIAGNOSTICS
183: for details.
184: .Pp
185: The special option
1.156 schwarze 186: .Fl W Cm stop
1.77 schwarze 187: tells
188: .Nm
189: to exit after parsing a file that causes warnings or errors of at least
190: the requested level.
191: No formatted output will be produced from that file.
192: If both a
193: .Ar level
194: and
195: .Cm stop
196: are requested, they can be joined with a comma, for example
1.156 schwarze 197: .Fl W Cm error , Ns Cm stop .
1.58 kristaps 198: .It Ar file
199: Read input from zero or more files.
1.57 kristaps 200: If unspecified, reads from stdin.
201: If multiple files are specified,
1.2 kristaps 202: .Nm
203: will halt with the first failed parse.
1.1 kristaps 204: .El
1.109 schwarze 205: .Pp
1.183 schwarze 206: The options
207: .Fl fhklw
208: are also supported and are documented in man(1).
1.109 schwarze 209: In
210: .Fl f
211: and
212: .Fl k
213: mode,
214: .Nm
215: also supports the options
1.183 schwarze 216: .Fl CMmOSs
1.109 schwarze 217: described in the
218: .Xr apropos 1
219: manual.
1.182 schwarze 220: The options
221: .Fl fkl
222: are mutually exclusive and override each other.
1.1 kristaps 223: .Ss Output Formats
224: The
225: .Nm
226: utility accepts the following
227: .Fl T
1.66 kristaps 228: arguments, which correspond to output modes:
1.175 schwarze 229: .Bl -tag -width "-T markdown"
1.156 schwarze 230: .It Fl T Cm ascii
1.81 kristaps 231: Produce 7-bit ASCII output.
1.57 kristaps 232: See
1.48 kristaps 233: .Sx ASCII Output .
1.156 schwarze 234: .It Fl T Cm html
1.116 kristaps 235: Produce HTML5, CSS1, and MathML output.
1.57 kristaps 236: See
1.48 kristaps 237: .Sx HTML Output .
1.156 schwarze 238: .It Fl T Cm lint
1.58 kristaps 239: Parse only: produce no output.
240: Implies
1.202 schwarze 241: .Fl W Cm all .
1.156 schwarze 242: .It Fl T Cm locale
1.93 schwarze 243: Encode output using the current locale.
1.128 schwarze 244: This is the default.
1.93 schwarze 245: See
246: .Sx Locale Output .
1.156 schwarze 247: .It Fl T Cm man
1.95 kristaps 248: Produce
1.91 schwarze 249: .Xr man 7
1.95 kristaps 250: format output.
251: See
252: .Sx Man Output .
1.175 schwarze 253: .It Fl T Cm markdown
254: Produce output in
255: .Sy markdown
256: format.
257: See
258: .Sx Markdown Output .
1.156 schwarze 259: .It Fl T Cm pdf
1.73 kristaps 260: Produce PDF output.
261: See
262: .Sx PDF Output .
1.156 schwarze 263: .It Fl T Cm ps
1.62 kristaps 264: Produce PostScript output.
265: See
266: .Sx PostScript Output .
1.156 schwarze 267: .It Fl T Cm tree
1.58 kristaps 268: Produce an indented parse tree.
1.161 schwarze 269: See
270: .Sx Syntax tree output .
1.156 schwarze 271: .It Fl T Cm utf8
1.93 schwarze 272: Encode output in the UTF\-8 multi-byte format.
273: See
274: .Sx UTF\-8 Output .
1.1 kristaps 275: .El
1.13 kristaps 276: .Pp
277: If multiple input files are specified, these will be processed by the
278: corresponding filter in-order.
1.66 kristaps 279: .Ss ASCII Output
280: Output produced by
1.156 schwarze 281: .Fl T Cm ascii
1.128 schwarze 282: is rendered in standard 7-bit ASCII documented in
1.66 kristaps 283: .Xr ascii 7 .
284: .Pp
285: Font styles are applied by using back-spaced encoding such that an
286: underlined character
287: .Sq c
288: is rendered as
289: .Sq _ Ns \e[bs] Ns c ,
290: where
291: .Sq \e[bs]
292: is the back-space character number 8.
293: Emboldened characters are rendered as
294: .Sq c Ns \e[bs] Ns c .
295: .Pp
296: The special characters documented in
297: .Xr mandoc_char 7
298: are rendered best-effort in an ASCII equivalent.
299: .Pp
300: Output width is limited to 78 visible columns unless literal input lines
301: exceed this limit.
302: .Pp
303: The following
304: .Fl O
305: arguments are accepted:
1.19 kristaps 306: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.98 schwarze 307: .It Cm indent Ns = Ns Ar indent
308: The left margin for normal text is set to
309: .Ar indent
310: blank characters instead of the default of five for
311: .Xr mdoc 7
312: and seven for
313: .Xr man 7 .
314: Increasing this is not recommended; it may result in degraded formatting,
1.99 schwarze 315: for example overfull lines or ugly line breaks.
1.66 kristaps 316: .It Cm width Ns = Ns Ar width
317: The output width is set to
1.199 schwarze 318: .Ar width .
1.1 kristaps 319: .El
1.66 kristaps 320: .Ss HTML Output
321: Output produced by
1.156 schwarze 322: .Fl T Cm html
1.114 kristaps 323: conforms to HTML5 using optional self-closing tags.
1.116 kristaps 324: Default styles use only CSS1.
325: Equations rendered from
326: .Xr eqn 7
327: blocks use MathML.
1.66 kristaps 328: .Pp
1.61 kristaps 329: The
1.164 schwarze 330: .Pa mandoc.css
1.83 kristaps 331: file documents style-sheet classes available for customising output.
332: If a style-sheet is not specified with
1.156 schwarze 333: .Fl O Cm style ,
334: .Fl T Cm html
1.114 kristaps 335: defaults to simple output (via an embedded style-sheet)
336: readable in any graphical or text-based web
1.83 kristaps 337: browser.
1.66 kristaps 338: .Pp
1.89 kristaps 339: Special characters are rendered in decimal-encoded UTF\-8.
1.66 kristaps 340: .Pp
341: The following
1.64 kristaps 342: .Fl O
1.66 kristaps 343: arguments are accepted:
1.37 kristaps 344: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.94 kristaps 345: .It Cm fragment
1.123 schwarze 346: Omit the <!DOCTYPE> declaration and the <html>, <head>, and <body>
347: elements and only emit the subtree below the <body> element.
1.94 kristaps 348: The
349: .Cm style
1.97 schwarze 350: argument will be ignored.
1.94 kristaps 351: This is useful when embedding manual content within existing documents.
1.64 kristaps 352: .It Cm includes Ns = Ns Ar fmt
1.40 kristaps 353: The string
354: .Ar fmt ,
1.49 kristaps 355: for example,
1.40 kristaps 356: .Ar ../src/%I.html ,
357: is used as a template for linked header files (usually via the
1.180 schwarze 358: .Ic \&In
1.57 kristaps 359: macro).
360: Instances of
1.43 kristaps 361: .Sq \&%I
1.57 kristaps 362: are replaced with the include filename.
363: The default is not to present a
1.40 kristaps 364: hyperlink.
1.64 kristaps 365: .It Cm man Ns = Ns Ar fmt
1.39 kristaps 366: The string
367: .Ar fmt ,
1.49 kristaps 368: for example,
1.39 kristaps 369: .Ar ../html%S/%N.%S.html ,
370: is used as a template for linked manuals (usually via the
1.180 schwarze 371: .Ic \&Xr
1.57 kristaps 372: macro).
373: Instances of
1.43 kristaps 374: .Sq \&%N
1.40 kristaps 375: and
376: .Sq %S
377: are replaced with the linked manual's name and section, respectively.
1.57 kristaps 378: If no section is included, section 1 is assumed.
379: The default is not to
1.40 kristaps 380: present a hyperlink.
1.64 kristaps 381: .It Cm style Ns = Ns Ar style.css
1.58 kristaps 382: The file
383: .Ar style.css
384: is used for an external style-sheet.
385: This must be a valid absolute or
386: relative URI.
1.61 kristaps 387: .El
1.93 schwarze 388: .Ss Locale Output
389: Locale-depending output encoding is triggered with
1.156 schwarze 390: .Fl T Cm locale .
1.128 schwarze 391: This is the default.
392: .Pp
1.93 schwarze 393: This option is not available on all systems: systems without locale
394: support, or those whose internal representation is not natively UCS-4,
395: will fall back to
1.156 schwarze 396: .Fl T Cm ascii .
1.93 schwarze 397: See
398: .Sx ASCII Output
399: for font style specification and available command-line arguments.
1.95 kristaps 400: .Ss Man Output
401: Translate input format into
402: .Xr man 7
403: output format.
1.102 schwarze 404: This is useful for distributing manual sources to legacy systems
1.96 kristaps 405: lacking
1.95 kristaps 406: .Xr mdoc 7
407: formatters.
408: .Pp
409: If
410: .Xr mdoc 7
411: is passed as input, it is translated into
1.97 schwarze 412: .Xr man 7 .
413: If the input format is
1.95 kristaps 414: .Xr man 7 ,
1.97 schwarze 415: the input is copied to the output, expanding any
1.95 kristaps 416: .Xr roff 7
1.180 schwarze 417: .Ic so
1.97 schwarze 418: requests.
419: The parser is also run, and as usual, the
420: .Fl W
421: level controls which
422: .Sx DIAGNOSTICS
423: are displayed before copying the input to the output.
1.175 schwarze 424: .Ss Markdown Output
425: Translate
426: .Xr mdoc 7
427: input to the
428: .Sy markdown
429: format conforming to
430: .Lk http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax.text\
431: "John Gruber's 2004 specification" .
1.178 schwarze 432: The output also almost conforms to the
433: .Lk http://commonmark.org/ CommonMark
434: specification.
435: .Pp
436: The character set used for the markdown output is ASCII.
437: Non-ASCII characters are encoded as HTML entities.
438: Since that is not possible in literal font contexts, because these
439: are rendered as code spans and code blocks in the markdown output,
440: non-ASCII characters are transliterated to ASCII approximations in
441: these contexts.
1.175 schwarze 442: .Pp
443: Markdown is a very weak markup language, so all semantic markup is
444: lost, and even part of the presentational markup may be lost.
445: Do not use this as an intermediate step in converting to HTML;
446: instead, use
447: .Fl T Cm html
448: directly.
449: .Pp
450: The
451: .Xr man 7 ,
452: .Xr tbl 7 ,
453: and
454: .Xr eqn 7
455: input languages are not supported by
456: .Fl T Cm markdown
457: output mode.
1.93 schwarze 458: .Ss PDF Output
459: PDF-1.1 output may be generated by
1.156 schwarze 460: .Fl T Cm pdf .
1.93 schwarze 461: See
462: .Sx PostScript Output
463: for
464: .Fl O
465: arguments and defaults.
1.62 kristaps 466: .Ss PostScript Output
1.65 kristaps 467: PostScript
468: .Qq Adobe-3.0
469: Level-2 pages may be generated by
1.156 schwarze 470: .Fl T Cm ps .
1.67 kristaps 471: Output pages default to letter sized and are rendered in the Times font
1.70 kristaps 472: family, 11-point.
473: Margins are calculated as 1/9 the page length and width.
1.71 kristaps 474: Line-height is 1.4m.
1.66 kristaps 475: .Pp
476: Special characters are rendered as in
477: .Sx ASCII Output .
478: .Pp
479: The following
480: .Fl O
481: arguments are accepted:
482: .Bl -tag -width Ds
483: .It Cm paper Ns = Ns Ar name
484: The paper size
485: .Ar name
486: may be one of
1.68 kristaps 487: .Ar a3 ,
488: .Ar a4 ,
489: .Ar a5 ,
490: .Ar legal ,
1.66 kristaps 491: or
492: .Ar letter .
1.68 kristaps 493: You may also manually specify dimensions as
494: .Ar NNxNN ,
495: width by height in millimetres.
496: If an unknown value is encountered,
497: .Ar letter
498: is used.
1.66 kristaps 499: .El
1.93 schwarze 500: .Ss UTF\-8 Output
501: Use
1.156 schwarze 502: .Fl T Cm utf8
1.93 schwarze 503: to force a UTF\-8 locale.
1.73 kristaps 504: See
1.93 schwarze 505: .Sx Locale Output
506: for details and options.
1.161 schwarze 507: .Ss Syntax tree output
508: Use
509: .Fl T Cm tree
510: to show a human readable representation of the syntax tree.
511: It is useful for debugging the source code of manual pages.
1.162 schwarze 512: The exact format is subject to change, so don't write parsers for it.
1.170 schwarze 513: .Pp
514: The first paragraph shows meta data found in the
515: .Xr mdoc 7
516: prologue, on the
517: .Xr man 7
518: .Ic \&TH
519: line, or the fallbacks used.
520: .Pp
521: In the tree dump, each output line shows one syntax tree node.
1.161 schwarze 522: Child nodes are indented with respect to their parent node.
523: The columns are:
524: .Pp
525: .Bl -enum -compact
526: .It
527: For macro nodes, the macro name; for text and
528: .Xr tbl 7
1.162 schwarze 529: nodes, the content.
530: There is a special format for
1.161 schwarze 531: .Xr eqn 7
532: nodes.
533: .It
534: Node type (text, elem, block, head, body, body-end, tail, tbl, eqn).
535: .It
536: Flags:
537: .Bl -dash -compact
538: .It
539: An opening parenthesis if the node is an opening delimiter.
540: .It
541: An asterisk if the node starts a new input line.
542: .It
543: The input line number (starting at one).
544: .It
545: A colon.
546: .It
547: The input column number (starting at one).
548: .It
549: A closing parenthesis if the node is a closing delimiter.
550: .It
551: A full stop if the node ends a sentence.
1.169 schwarze 552: .It
1.174 schwarze 553: BROKEN if the node is a block broken by another block.
554: .It
1.169 schwarze 555: NOSRC if the node is not in the input file,
556: but automatically generated from macros.
557: .It
558: NOPRT if the node is not supposed to generate output
559: for any output format.
1.161 schwarze 560: .El
1.174 schwarze 561: .El
562: .Pp
563: The following
564: .Fl O
565: argument is accepted:
566: .Bl -tag -width Ds
567: .It Cm noval
568: Skip validation and show the unvalidated syntax tree.
569: This can help to find out whether a given behaviour is caused by
570: the parser or by the validator.
571: Meta data is not available in this case.
1.161 schwarze 572: .El
1.108 schwarze 573: .Sh ENVIRONMENT
574: .Bl -tag -width MANPAGER
575: .It Ev MANPAGER
576: Any non-empty value of the environment variable
577: .Ev MANPAGER
1.179 schwarze 578: is used instead of the standard pagination program,
579: .Xr more 1 ;
580: see
581: .Xr man 1
582: for details.
583: Only used if
584: .Fl a
585: or
586: .Fl l
587: is specified.
1.108 schwarze 588: .It Ev PAGER
589: Specifies the pagination program to use when
590: .Ev MANPAGER
591: is not defined.
592: If neither PAGER nor MANPAGER is defined,
1.159 schwarze 593: .Xr more 1
594: .Fl s
1.179 schwarze 595: is used.
596: Only used if
597: .Fl a
598: or
599: .Fl l
600: is specified.
1.108 schwarze 601: .El
1.77 schwarze 602: .Sh EXIT STATUS
603: The
604: .Nm
605: utility exits with one of the following values, controlled by the message
606: .Ar level
607: associated with the
608: .Fl W
609: option:
610: .Pp
611: .Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
612: .It 0
1.202 schwarze 613: No base system convention violations, style suggestions, warnings,
614: or errors occurred, or those that did were ignored because they
615: were lower than the requested
1.77 schwarze 616: .Ar level .
1.185 schwarze 617: .It 1
1.202 schwarze 618: At least one base system convention violation or style suggestion
619: occurred, but no warning or error, and
620: .Fl W Cm base
621: or
1.185 schwarze 622: .Fl W Cm style
623: was specified.
1.77 schwarze 624: .It 2
625: At least one warning occurred, but no error, and
1.156 schwarze 626: .Fl W Cm warning
1.202 schwarze 627: or a lower
628: .Ar level
629: was requested.
1.77 schwarze 630: .It 3
1.133 schwarze 631: At least one parsing error occurred,
632: but no unsupported feature was encountered, and
1.156 schwarze 633: .Fl W Cm error
1.185 schwarze 634: or a lower
635: .Ar level
636: was requested.
1.133 schwarze 637: .It 4
1.134 schwarze 638: At least one unsupported feature was encountered, and
1.185 schwarze 639: .Fl W Cm unsupp
640: or a lower
641: .Ar level
642: was requested.
1.77 schwarze 643: .It 5
644: Invalid command line arguments were specified.
645: No input files have been read.
646: .It 6
1.131 schwarze 647: An operating system error occurred, for example exhaustion
648: of memory, file descriptors, or process table entries.
1.77 schwarze 649: Such errors cause
650: .Nm
651: to exit at once, possibly in the middle of parsing or formatting a file.
652: .El
653: .Pp
654: Note that selecting
1.156 schwarze 655: .Fl T Cm lint
1.77 schwarze 656: output mode implies
1.202 schwarze 657: .Fl W Cm all .
1.1 kristaps 658: .Sh EXAMPLES
1.13 kristaps 659: To page manuals to the terminal:
1.1 kristaps 660: .Pp
1.187 schwarze 661: .Dl $ mandoc -l mandoc.1 man.1 apropos.1 makewhatis.8
1.28 kristaps 662: .Pp
1.41 kristaps 663: To produce HTML manuals with
1.164 schwarze 664: .Pa mandoc.css
1.41 kristaps 665: as the style-sheet:
1.38 kristaps 666: .Pp
1.164 schwarze 667: .Dl $ mandoc \-T html -O style=mandoc.css mdoc.7 \*(Gt mdoc.7.html
1.38 kristaps 668: .Pp
1.28 kristaps 669: To check over a large set of manuals:
670: .Pp
1.158 schwarze 671: .Dl $ mandoc \-T lint \(gafind /usr/src -name \e*\e.[1-9]\(ga
1.66 kristaps 672: .Pp
673: To produce a series of PostScript manuals for A4 paper:
674: .Pp
1.156 schwarze 675: .Dl $ mandoc \-T ps \-O paper=a4 mdoc.7 man.7 \*(Gt manuals.ps
1.91 schwarze 676: .Pp
677: Convert a modern
678: .Xr mdoc 7
679: manual to the older
680: .Xr man 7
681: format, for use on systems lacking an
682: .Xr mdoc 7
683: parser:
684: .Pp
1.156 schwarze 685: .Dl $ mandoc \-T man foo.mdoc \*(Gt foo.man
1.77 schwarze 686: .Sh DIAGNOSTICS
1.106 schwarze 687: Messages displayed by
688: .Nm
689: follow this format:
1.202 schwarze 690: .Bd -ragged -offset indent
1.205 schwarze 691: .Nm :
1.202 schwarze 692: .Ar file : Ns Ar line : Ns Ar column : level : message : macro args
693: .Pq Ar os
694: .Ed
1.77 schwarze 695: .Pp
1.106 schwarze 696: Line and column numbers start at 1.
697: Both are omitted for messages referring to an input file as a whole.
698: Macro names and arguments are omitted where meaningless.
1.202 schwarze 699: The
700: .Ar os
701: operating system specifier is omitted for messages that are relevant
702: for all operating systems.
1.106 schwarze 703: Fatal messages about invalid command line arguments
704: or operating system errors, for example when memory is exhausted,
705: may also omit the
706: .Ar file
1.104 schwarze 707: and
1.106 schwarze 708: .Ar level
709: fields.
1.104 schwarze 710: .Pp
1.77 schwarze 711: Message levels have the following meanings:
712: .Bl -tag -width "warning"
1.133 schwarze 713: .It Cm unsupp
714: An input file uses unsupported low-level
715: .Xr roff 7
716: features.
717: The output may be incomplete and/or misformatted,
718: so using GNU troff instead of
719: .Nm
720: to process the file may be preferable.
1.77 schwarze 721: .It Cm error
1.133 schwarze 722: An input file contains invalid syntax that cannot be safely interpreted.
1.77 schwarze 723: By discarding part of the input or inserting missing tokens,
724: the parser is able to continue, and the error does not prevent
725: generation of formatted output, but typically, preparing that
726: output involves information loss, broken document structure
1.133 schwarze 727: or unintended formatting, no matter whether
728: .Nm
729: or GNU troff is used.
730: In many cases, the output of
731: .Nm
732: and GNU troff is identical, but in some,
733: .Nm
734: is more resilient than GNU troff with respect to malformed input.
1.131 schwarze 735: .Pp
736: Non-existent or unreadable input files are also reported on the
737: .Cm error
738: level.
739: In that case, the parser cannot even be started and no output
740: is produced from those input files.
1.77 schwarze 741: .It Cm warning
742: An input file uses obsolete, discouraged or non-portable syntax.
743: All the same, the meaning of the input is unambiguous and a correct
744: rendering can be produced.
745: Documents causing warnings may render poorly when using other
746: formatting tools instead of
747: .Nm .
1.185 schwarze 748: .It Cm style
749: An input file uses dubious or discouraged style.
750: This is not a complaint about the syntax, and probably neither
751: formatting nor portability are in danger.
752: While great care is taken to avoid false positives on the higher
753: message levels, the
754: .Cm style
755: level tries to reduce the probability that issues go unnoticed,
756: so it may occasionally issue bogus suggestions.
757: Please use your good judgement to decide whether any particular
758: .Cm style
759: suggestion really justifies a change to the input file.
1.202 schwarze 760: .It Cm base
761: A convertion used in the base system of a specific operating system
762: is not adhered to.
763: These are not markup mistakes, and neither the quality of formatting
764: nor portability are in danger.
1.77 schwarze 765: .El
766: .Pp
767: Messages of the
1.202 schwarze 768: .Cm base ,
1.185 schwarze 769: .Cm style ,
1.133 schwarze 770: .Cm warning ,
771: .Cm error ,
1.77 schwarze 772: and
1.133 schwarze 773: .Cm unsupp
1.131 schwarze 774: levels except those about non-existent or unreadable input files
775: are hidden unless their level, or a lower level, is requested using a
1.77 schwarze 776: .Fl W
777: option or
1.156 schwarze 778: .Fl T Cm lint
1.77 schwarze 779: output mode.
1.202 schwarze 780: .Pp
781: As indicated below, all
782: .Cm base
783: and some
784: .Cm style
785: checks are only performed if a specific operating system name occurs
786: in the arguments of the
787: .Fl W
788: command line option, of the
1.195 schwarze 789: .Ic \&Os
790: macro, of the
791: .Fl Ios
792: command line option, or, if neither are present, in the return value
793: of the
794: .Xr uname 3
795: function.
1.202 schwarze 796: .Ss Conventions for base system manuals
1.189 schwarze 797: .Bl -ohang
1.200 schwarze 798: .It Sy "Mdocdate found"
799: .Pq mdoc , Nx
800: The
801: .Ic \&Dd
802: macro uses CVS
803: .Ic Mdocdate
804: keyword substitution, which is not supported by the
805: .Nx
806: base system.
807: Consider using the conventional
808: .Dq "Month dd, yyyy"
809: format instead.
810: .It Sy "Mdocdate missing"
811: .Pq mdoc , Ox
812: The
813: .Ic \&Dd
814: macro does not use CVS
815: .Ic Mdocdate
816: keyword substitution, but using it is conventionally expected in the
817: .Ox
818: base system.
1.204 schwarze 819: .It Sy "unknown architecture"
820: .Pq mdoc , Ox , Nx
821: The third argument of the
822: .Ic \&Dt
823: macro does not match any of the architectures this operating system
824: is running on.
1.203 schwarze 825: .It Sy "operating system explicitly specified"
826: .Pq mdoc , Ox , Nx
827: The
828: .Ic \&Os
829: macro has an argument.
830: In the base system, it is conventionally left blank.
1.202 schwarze 831: .It Sy "RCS id missing"
832: .Pq Ox , Nx
833: The manual page lacks the comment line with the RCS identifier
834: generated by CVS
835: .Ic OpenBSD
836: or
837: .Ic NetBSD
838: keyword substitution as conventionally used in these operating systems.
839: .El
840: .Ss Style suggestions
841: .Bl -ohang
1.200 schwarze 842: .It Sy "legacy man(7) date format"
843: .Pq mdoc
844: The
845: .Ic \&Dd
846: macro uses the legacy
847: .Xr man 7
848: date format
849: .Dq yyyy-dd-mm .
850: Consider using the conventional
851: .Xr mdoc 7
852: date format
853: .Dq "Month dd, yyyy"
854: instead.
1.201 schwarze 855: .It Sy "duplicate RCS id"
856: A single manual page contains two copies of the RCS identifier for
857: the same operating system.
858: Consider deleting the later instance and moving the first one up
859: to the top of the page.
1.189 schwarze 860: .It Sy "useless macro"
861: .Pq mdoc
862: A
863: .Ic \&Bt ,
864: .Ic \&Tn ,
865: or
1.190 schwarze 866: .Ic \&Ud
1.189 schwarze 867: macro was found.
1.190 schwarze 868: Simply delete it: it serves no useful purpose.
1.191 schwarze 869: .It Sy "consider using OS macro"
870: .Pq mdoc
871: A string was found in plain text or in a
872: .Ic \&Bx
873: macro that could be represented using
874: .Ic \&Ox ,
875: .Ic \&Nx ,
876: .Ic \&Fx ,
877: or
878: .Ic \&Dx .
1.195 schwarze 879: .It Sy "errnos out of order"
880: .Pq mdoc, Nx
881: The
882: .Ic \&Er
883: items in a
884: .Ic \&Bl
885: list are not in alphabetical order.
886: .It Sy "duplicate errno"
887: .Pq mdoc, Nx
888: A
889: .Ic \&Bl
890: list contains two consecutive
891: .Ic \&It
892: entries describing the same
893: .Ic \&Er
894: number.
1.192 schwarze 895: .It Sy "description line ends with a full stop"
896: .Pq mdoc
897: Do not use punctuation at the end of an
898: .Ic \&Nd
899: block.
1.197 schwarze 900: .It Sy "no blank before trailing delimiter"
1.198 schwarze 901: .Pq mdoc
1.197 schwarze 902: The last argument of a macro that supports trailing delimiter
903: arguments is longer than one byte and ends with a trailing delimiter.
904: Consider inserting a blank such that the delimiter becomes a separate
905: argument, thus moving it out of the scope of the macro.
1.198 schwarze 906: .It Sy "function name without markup"
907: .Pq mdoc
908: A word followed by an empty pair of parentheses occurs on a text line.
909: Consider using an
910: .Ic \&Fn
911: or
912: .Ic \&Xr
913: macro.
1.189 schwarze 914: .El
1.106 schwarze 915: .Ss Warnings related to the document prologue
916: .Bl -ohang
917: .It Sy "missing manual title, using UNTITLED"
918: .Pq mdoc
919: A
920: .Ic \&Dt
921: macro has no arguments, or there is no
922: .Ic \&Dt
923: macro before the first non-prologue macro.
924: .It Sy "missing manual title, using \(dq\(dq"
925: .Pq man
926: There is no
927: .Ic \&TH
928: macro, or it has no arguments.
929: .It Sy "lower case character in document title"
930: .Pq mdoc , man
931: The title is still used as given in the
932: .Ic \&Dt
933: or
934: .Ic \&TH
935: macro.
936: .It Sy "missing manual section, using \(dq\(dq"
937: .Pq mdoc , man
938: A
939: .Ic \&Dt
940: or
941: .Ic \&TH
942: macro lacks the mandatory section argument.
943: .It Sy "unknown manual section"
944: .Pq mdoc
945: The section number in a
946: .Ic \&Dt
947: line is invalid, but still used.
948: .It Sy "missing date, using today's date"
949: .Pq mdoc, man
950: The document was parsed as
951: .Xr mdoc 7
952: and it has no
953: .Ic \&Dd
954: macro, or the
955: .Ic \&Dd
956: macro has no arguments or only empty arguments;
957: or the document was parsed as
958: .Xr man 7
959: and it has no
960: .Ic \&TH
961: macro, or the
962: .Ic \&TH
963: macro has less than three arguments or its third argument is empty.
964: .It Sy "cannot parse date, using it verbatim"
965: .Pq mdoc , man
966: The date given in a
967: .Ic \&Dd
968: or
969: .Ic \&TH
970: macro does not follow the conventional format.
971: .It Sy "missing Os macro, using \(dq\(dq"
972: .Pq mdoc
973: The default or current system is not shown in this case.
974: .It Sy "duplicate prologue macro"
975: .Pq mdoc
976: One of the prologue macros occurs more than once.
977: The last instance overrides all previous ones.
978: .It Sy "late prologue macro"
979: .Pq mdoc
980: A
981: .Ic \&Dd
982: or
983: .Ic \&Os
984: macro occurs after some non-prologue macro, but still takes effect.
985: .It Sy "skipping late title macro"
986: .Pq mdoc
987: The
988: .Ic \&Dt
1.152 schwarze 989: macro appears after the first non-prologue macro.
990: Traditional formatters cannot handle this because
991: they write the page header before parsing the document body.
1.106 schwarze 992: Even though this technical restriction does not apply to
993: .Nm ,
994: traditional semantics is preserved.
995: The late macro is discarded including its arguments.
996: .It Sy "prologue macros out of order"
997: .Pq mdoc
998: The prologue macros are not given in the conventional order
999: .Ic \&Dd ,
1000: .Ic \&Dt ,
1001: .Ic \&Os .
1002: All three macros are used even when given in another order.
1003: .El
1004: .Ss Warnings regarding document structure
1005: .Bl -ohang
1006: .It Sy ".so is fragile, better use ln(1)"
1007: .Pq roff
1008: Including files only works when the parser program runs with the correct
1009: current working directory.
1010: .It Sy "no document body"
1011: .Pq mdoc , man
1012: The document body contains neither text nor macros.
1013: An empty document is shown, consisting only of a header and a footer line.
1014: .It Sy "content before first section header"
1015: .Pq mdoc , man
1016: Some macros or text precede the first
1017: .Ic \&Sh
1018: or
1019: .Ic \&SH
1020: section header.
1021: The offending macros and text are parsed and added to the top level
1022: of the syntax tree, outside any section block.
1023: .It Sy "first section is not NAME"
1024: .Pq mdoc
1025: The argument of the first
1026: .Ic \&Sh
1027: macro is not
1028: .Sq NAME .
1029: This may confuse
1030: .Xr makewhatis 8
1031: and
1032: .Xr apropos 1 .
1.168 schwarze 1033: .It Sy "NAME section without Nm before Nd"
1.106 schwarze 1034: .Pq mdoc
1.155 schwarze 1035: The NAME section does not contain any
1036: .Ic \&Nm
1.168 schwarze 1037: child macro before the first
1038: .Ic \&Nd
1039: macro.
1.155 schwarze 1040: .It Sy "NAME section without description"
1041: .Pq mdoc
1042: The NAME section lacks the mandatory
1043: .Ic \&Nd
1044: child macro.
1045: .It Sy "description not at the end of NAME"
1046: .Pq mdoc
1047: The NAME section does contain an
1.106 schwarze 1048: .Ic \&Nd
1.155 schwarze 1049: child macro, but other content follows it.
1050: .It Sy "bad NAME section content"
1051: .Pq mdoc
1052: The NAME section contains plain text or macros other than
1053: .Ic \&Nm
1.106 schwarze 1054: and
1.155 schwarze 1055: .Ic \&Nd .
1.168 schwarze 1056: .It Sy "missing comma before name"
1057: .Pq mdoc
1058: The NAME section contains an
1059: .Ic \&Nm
1060: macro that is neither the first one nor preceded by a comma.
1.142 schwarze 1061: .It Sy "missing description line, using \(dq\(dq"
1062: .Pq mdoc
1063: The
1064: .Ic \&Nd
1065: macro lacks the required argument.
1066: The title line of the manual will end after the dash.
1.177 schwarze 1067: .It Sy "description line outside NAME section"
1068: .Pq mdoc
1069: An
1070: .Ic \&Nd
1071: macro appears outside the NAME section.
1072: The arguments are printed anyway and the following text is used for
1073: .Xr apropos 1 ,
1074: but none of that behaviour is portable.
1.106 schwarze 1075: .It Sy "sections out of conventional order"
1076: .Pq mdoc
1077: A standard section occurs after another section it usually precedes.
1078: All section titles are used as given,
1079: and the order of sections is not changed.
1080: .It Sy "duplicate section title"
1081: .Pq mdoc
1082: The same standard section title occurs more than once.
1083: .It Sy "unexpected section"
1084: .Pq mdoc
1085: A standard section header occurs in a section of the manual
1086: where it normally isn't useful.
1.112 schwarze 1087: .It Sy "unusual Xr order"
1088: .Pq mdoc
1089: In the SEE ALSO section, an
1090: .Ic \&Xr
1091: macro with a lower section number follows one with a higher number,
1092: or two
1093: .Ic \&Xr
1.157 schwarze 1094: macros referring to the same section are out of alphabetical order.
1.112 schwarze 1095: .It Sy "unusual Xr punctuation"
1096: .Pq mdoc
1097: In the SEE ALSO section, punctuation between two
1098: .Ic \&Xr
1099: macros differs from a single comma, or there is trailing punctuation
1100: after the last
1101: .Ic \&Xr
1102: macro.
1.111 schwarze 1103: .It Sy "AUTHORS section without An macro"
1104: .Pq mdoc
1105: An AUTHORS sections contains no
1106: .Ic \&An
1107: macros, or only empty ones.
1108: Probably, there are author names lacking markup.
1.106 schwarze 1109: .El
1110: .Ss "Warnings related to macros and nesting"
1111: .Bl -ohang
1112: .It Sy "obsolete macro"
1113: .Pq mdoc
1114: See the
1115: .Xr mdoc 7
1116: manual for replacements.
1.126 schwarze 1117: .It Sy "macro neither callable nor escaped"
1118: .Pq mdoc
1119: The name of a macro that is not callable appears on a macro line.
1120: It is printed verbatim.
1.152 schwarze 1121: If the intention is to call it, move it to its own input line;
1.126 schwarze 1122: otherwise, escape it by prepending
1123: .Sq \e& .
1.106 schwarze 1124: .It Sy "skipping paragraph macro"
1125: In
1126: .Xr mdoc 7
1127: documents, this happens
1128: .Bl -dash -compact
1129: .It
1130: at the beginning and end of sections and subsections
1131: .It
1132: right before non-compact lists and displays
1133: .It
1134: at the end of items in non-column, non-compact lists
1135: .It
1136: and for multiple consecutive paragraph macros.
1137: .El
1138: In
1139: .Xr man 7
1140: documents, it happens
1141: .Bl -dash -compact
1142: .It
1143: for empty
1144: .Ic \&P ,
1145: .Ic \&PP ,
1146: and
1147: .Ic \&LP
1148: macros
1149: .It
1150: for
1151: .Ic \&IP
1152: macros having neither head nor body arguments
1153: .It
1154: for
1155: .Ic \&br
1156: or
1157: .Ic \&sp
1158: right after
1159: .Ic \&SH
1160: or
1161: .Ic \&SS
1162: .El
1163: .It Sy "moving paragraph macro out of list"
1164: .Pq mdoc
1165: A list item in a
1166: .Ic \&Bl
1167: list contains a trailing paragraph macro.
1168: The paragraph macro is moved after the end of the list.
1169: .It Sy "skipping no-space macro"
1170: .Pq mdoc
1171: An input line begins with an
1172: .Ic \&Ns
1173: macro.
1174: The macro is ignored.
1175: .It Sy "blocks badly nested"
1176: .Pq mdoc
1177: If two blocks intersect, one should completely contain the other.
1178: Otherwise, rendered output is likely to look strange in any output
1179: format, and rendering in SGML-based output formats is likely to be
1180: outright wrong because such languages do not support badly nested
1181: blocks at all.
1182: Typical examples of badly nested blocks are
1183: .Qq Ic \&Ao \&Bo \&Ac \&Bc
1184: and
1185: .Qq Ic \&Ao \&Bq \&Ac .
1186: In these examples,
1187: .Ic \&Ac
1188: breaks
1189: .Ic \&Bo
1190: and
1191: .Ic \&Bq ,
1192: respectively.
1193: .It Sy "nested displays are not portable"
1194: .Pq mdoc
1195: A
1196: .Ic \&Bd ,
1197: .Ic \&D1 ,
1198: or
1199: .Ic \&Dl
1200: display occurs nested inside another
1201: .Ic \&Bd
1202: display.
1203: This works with
1204: .Nm ,
1205: but fails with most other implementations.
1206: .It Sy "moving content out of list"
1207: .Pq mdoc
1208: A
1209: .Ic \&Bl
1210: list block contains text or macros before the first
1211: .Ic \&It
1212: macro.
1213: The offending children are moved before the beginning of the list.
1214: .It Sy "fill mode already enabled, skipping"
1215: .Pq man
1216: A
1217: .Ic \&fi
1218: request occurs even though the document is still in fill mode,
1219: or already switched back to fill mode.
1220: It has no effect.
1221: .It Sy "fill mode already disabled, skipping"
1222: .Pq man
1223: An
1224: .Ic \&nf
1225: request occurs even though the document already switched to no-fill mode
1226: and did not switch back to fill mode yet.
1227: It has no effect.
1228: .It Sy "line scope broken"
1229: .Pq man
1230: While parsing the next-line scope of the previous macro,
1231: another macro is found that prematurely terminates the previous one.
1232: The previous, interrupted macro is deleted from the parse tree.
1233: .El
1234: .Ss "Warnings related to missing arguments"
1235: .Bl -ohang
1236: .It Sy "skipping empty request"
1.118 schwarze 1237: .Pq roff , eqn
1238: The macro name is missing from a macro definition request,
1239: or an
1240: .Xr eqn 7
1241: control statement or operation keyword lacks its required argument.
1.106 schwarze 1242: .It Sy "conditional request controls empty scope"
1243: .Pq roff
1244: A conditional request is only useful if any of the following
1245: follows it on the same logical input line:
1246: .Bl -dash -compact
1247: .It
1248: The
1249: .Sq \e{
1250: keyword to open a multi-line scope.
1251: .It
1252: A request or macro or some text, resulting in a single-line scope.
1253: .It
1254: The immediate end of the logical line without any intervening whitespace,
1255: resulting in next-line scope.
1256: .El
1257: Here, a conditional request is followed by trailing whitespace only,
1258: and there is no other content on its logical input line.
1259: Note that it doesn't matter whether the logical input line is split
1260: across multiple physical input lines using
1261: .Sq \e
1262: line continuation characters.
1263: This is one of the rare cases
1264: where trailing whitespace is syntactically significant.
1265: The conditional request controls a scope containing whitespace only,
1266: so it is unlikely to have a significant effect,
1267: except that it may control a following
1268: .Ic \&el
1269: clause.
1270: .It Sy "skipping empty macro"
1271: .Pq mdoc
1.147 schwarze 1272: The indicated macro has no arguments and hence no effect.
1273: .It Sy "empty block"
1274: .Pq mdoc , man
1275: A
1276: .Ic \&Bd ,
1277: .Ic \&Bk ,
1278: .Ic \&Bl ,
1279: .Ic \&D1 ,
1280: .Ic \&Dl ,
1.206 ! schwarze 1281: .Ic \&MT ,
1.147 schwarze 1282: .Ic \&RS ,
1283: or
1284: .Ic \&UR
1285: block contains nothing in its body and will produce no output.
1.106 schwarze 1286: .It Sy "empty argument, using 0n"
1287: .Pq mdoc
1288: The required width is missing after
1289: .Ic \&Bd
1290: or
1291: .Ic \&Bl
1292: .Fl offset
1293: or
1.186 schwarze 1294: .Fl width .
1.106 schwarze 1295: .It Sy "missing display type, using -ragged"
1296: .Pq mdoc
1297: The
1298: .Ic \&Bd
1299: macro is invoked without the required display type.
1300: .It Sy "list type is not the first argument"
1301: .Pq mdoc
1302: In a
1303: .Ic \&Bl
1304: macro, at least one other argument precedes the type argument.
1305: The
1306: .Nm
1307: utility copes with any argument order, but some other
1308: .Xr mdoc 7
1309: implementations do not.
1310: .It Sy "missing -width in -tag list, using 8n"
1311: .Pq mdoc
1312: Every
1313: .Ic \&Bl
1314: macro having the
1315: .Fl tag
1316: argument requires
1317: .Fl width ,
1318: too.
1319: .It Sy "missing utility name, using \(dq\(dq"
1320: .Pq mdoc
1321: The
1322: .Ic \&Ex Fl std
1323: macro is called without an argument before
1324: .Ic \&Nm
1325: has first been called with an argument.
1.146 schwarze 1326: .It Sy "missing function name, using \(dq\(dq"
1327: .Pq mdoc
1328: The
1329: .Ic \&Fo
1330: macro is called without an argument.
1331: No function name is printed.
1.106 schwarze 1332: .It Sy "empty head in list item"
1333: .Pq mdoc
1334: In a
1335: .Ic \&Bl
1336: .Fl diag ,
1337: .Fl hang ,
1338: .Fl inset ,
1339: .Fl ohang ,
1340: or
1341: .Fl tag
1342: list, an
1343: .Ic \&It
1344: macro lacks the required argument.
1345: The item head is left empty.
1346: .It Sy "empty list item"
1347: .Pq mdoc
1348: In a
1349: .Ic \&Bl
1350: .Fl bullet ,
1351: .Fl dash ,
1352: .Fl enum ,
1353: or
1354: .Fl hyphen
1355: list, an
1356: .Ic \&It
1357: block is empty.
1358: An empty list item is shown.
1.152 schwarze 1359: .It Sy "missing font type, using \efR"
1.106 schwarze 1360: .Pq mdoc
1361: A
1362: .Ic \&Bf
1363: macro has no argument.
1.152 schwarze 1364: It switches to the default font.
1365: .It Sy "unknown font type, using \efR"
1.106 schwarze 1366: .Pq mdoc
1367: The
1368: .Ic \&Bf
1369: argument is invalid.
1.152 schwarze 1370: The default font is used instead.
1.127 schwarze 1371: .It Sy "nothing follows prefix"
1372: .Pq mdoc
1373: A
1374: .Ic \&Pf
1375: macro has no argument, or only one argument and no macro follows
1376: on the same input line.
1377: This defeats its purpose; in particular, spacing is not suppressed
1378: before the text or macros following on the next input line.
1.143 schwarze 1379: .It Sy "empty reference block"
1380: .Pq mdoc
1381: An
1382: .Ic \&Rs
1383: macro is immediately followed by an
1384: .Ic \&Re
1385: macro on the next input line.
1386: Such an empty block does not produce any output.
1.165 schwarze 1387: .It Sy "missing section argument"
1388: .Pq mdoc
1389: An
1390: .Ic \&Xr
1391: macro lacks its second, section number argument.
1392: The first argument, i.e. the name, is printed, but without subsequent
1.166 schwarze 1393: parentheses.
1.106 schwarze 1394: .It Sy "missing -std argument, adding it"
1395: .Pq mdoc
1396: An
1397: .Ic \&Ex
1398: or
1399: .Ic \&Rv
1400: macro lacks the required
1401: .Fl std
1402: argument.
1403: The
1404: .Nm
1405: utility assumes
1406: .Fl std
1407: even when it is not specified, but other implementations may not.
1.150 schwarze 1408: .It Sy "missing option string, using \(dq\(dq"
1409: .Pq man
1410: The
1411: .Ic \&OP
1412: macro is invoked without any argument.
1413: An empty pair of square brackets is shown.
1414: .It Sy "missing resource identifier, using \(dq\(dq"
1415: .Pq man
1416: The
1.206 ! schwarze 1417: .Ic \&MT
! 1418: or
1.150 schwarze 1419: .Ic \&UR
1420: macro is invoked without any argument.
1421: An empty pair of angle brackets is shown.
1.118 schwarze 1422: .It Sy "missing eqn box, using \(dq\(dq"
1423: .Pq eqn
1424: A diacritic mark or a binary operator is found,
1425: but there is nothing to the left of it.
1426: An empty box is inserted.
1.106 schwarze 1427: .El
1428: .Ss "Warnings related to bad macro arguments"
1429: .Bl -ohang
1430: .It Sy "unterminated quoted argument"
1431: .Pq roff
1432: Macro arguments can be enclosed in double quote characters
1433: such that space characters and macro names contained in the quoted
1434: argument need not be escaped.
1435: The closing quote of the last argument of a macro can be omitted.
1436: However, omitting it is not recommended because it makes the code
1437: harder to read.
1438: .It Sy "duplicate argument"
1439: .Pq mdoc
1440: A
1441: .Ic \&Bd
1442: or
1443: .Ic \&Bl
1444: macro has more than one
1445: .Fl compact ,
1446: more than one
1447: .Fl offset ,
1448: or more than one
1449: .Fl width
1450: argument.
1451: All but the last instances of these arguments are ignored.
1452: .It Sy "skipping duplicate argument"
1453: .Pq mdoc
1454: An
1455: .Ic \&An
1456: macro has more than one
1457: .Fl split
1458: or
1459: .Fl nosplit
1460: argument.
1461: All but the first of these arguments are ignored.
1462: .It Sy "skipping duplicate display type"
1463: .Pq mdoc
1464: A
1465: .Ic \&Bd
1466: macro has more than one type argument; the first one is used.
1467: .It Sy "skipping duplicate list type"
1468: .Pq mdoc
1469: A
1470: .Ic \&Bl
1471: macro has more than one type argument; the first one is used.
1472: .It Sy "skipping -width argument"
1473: .Pq mdoc
1474: A
1475: .Ic \&Bl
1476: .Fl column ,
1477: .Fl diag ,
1478: .Fl ohang ,
1479: .Fl inset ,
1480: or
1481: .Fl item
1482: list has a
1483: .Fl width
1484: argument.
1485: That has no effect.
1.151 schwarze 1486: .It Sy "wrong number of cells"
1487: In a line of a
1488: .Ic \&Bl Fl column
1489: list, the number of tabs or
1490: .Ic \&Ta
1491: macros is less than the number expected from the list header line
1492: or exceeds the expected number by more than one.
1493: Missing cells remain empty, and all cells exceeding the number of
1494: columns are joined into one single cell.
1.106 schwarze 1495: .It Sy "unknown AT&T UNIX version"
1496: .Pq mdoc
1497: An
1498: .Ic \&At
1499: macro has an invalid argument.
1500: It is used verbatim, with
1501: .Qq "AT&T UNIX "
1502: prefixed to it.
1.113 schwarze 1503: .It Sy "comma in function argument"
1504: .Pq mdoc
1505: An argument of an
1506: .Ic \&Fa
1507: or
1508: .Ic \&Fn
1509: macro contains a comma; it should probably be split into two arguments.
1.117 schwarze 1510: .It Sy "parenthesis in function name"
1511: .Pq mdoc
1512: The first argument of an
1513: .Ic \&Fc
1514: or
1515: .Ic \&Fn
1516: macro contains an opening or closing parenthesis; that's probably wrong,
1517: parentheses are added automatically.
1.196 schwarze 1518: .It Sy "unknown library name"
1519: .Pq mdoc, not on Ox
1520: An
1521: .Ic \&Lb
1522: macro has an unknown name argument and will be rendered as
1523: .Qq library Dq Ar name .
1.106 schwarze 1524: .It Sy "invalid content in Rs block"
1525: .Pq mdoc
1526: An
1527: .Ic \&Rs
1528: block contains plain text or non-% macros.
1529: The bogus content is left in the syntax tree.
1530: Formatting may be poor.
1531: .It Sy "invalid Boolean argument"
1532: .Pq mdoc
1533: An
1534: .Ic \&Sm
1535: macro has an argument other than
1536: .Cm on
1537: or
1538: .Cm off .
1539: The invalid argument is moved out of the macro, which leaves the macro
1540: empty, causing it to toggle the spacing mode.
1541: .It Sy "unknown font, skipping request"
1.115 schwarze 1542: .Pq man , tbl
1.106 schwarze 1543: A
1544: .Xr roff 7
1545: .Ic \&ft
1.115 schwarze 1546: request or a
1547: .Xr tbl 7
1548: .Ic \&f
1549: layout modifier has an unknown
1550: .Ar font
1551: argument.
1.151 schwarze 1552: .It Sy "odd number of characters in request"
1553: .Pq roff
1554: A
1555: .Ic \&tr
1556: request contains an odd number of characters.
1557: The last character is mapped to the blank character.
1.106 schwarze 1558: .El
1559: .Ss "Warnings related to plain text"
1560: .Bl -ohang
1561: .It Sy "blank line in fill mode, using .sp"
1562: .Pq mdoc
1563: The meaning of blank input lines is only well-defined in non-fill mode:
1564: In fill mode, line breaks of text input lines are not supposed to be
1565: significant.
1566: However, for compatibility with groff, blank lines in fill mode
1567: are replaced with
1568: .Ic \&sp
1569: requests.
1570: .It Sy "tab in filled text"
1571: .Pq mdoc , man
1572: The meaning of tab characters is only well-defined in non-fill mode:
1573: In fill mode, whitespace is not supposed to be significant
1574: on text input lines.
1575: As an implementation dependent choice, tab characters on text lines
1576: are passed through to the formatters in any case.
1577: Given that the text before the tab character will be filled,
1578: it is hard to predict which tab stop position the tab will advance to.
1579: .It Sy "whitespace at end of input line"
1580: .Pq mdoc , man , roff
1581: Whitespace at the end of input lines is almost never semantically
1582: significant \(em but in the odd case where it might be, it is
1583: extremely confusing when reviewing and maintaining documents.
1.172 schwarze 1584: .It Sy "new sentence, new line"
1585: .Pq mdoc
1586: A new sentence starts in the middle of a text line.
1587: Start it on a new input line to help formatters produce correct spacing.
1.106 schwarze 1588: .It Sy "bad comment style"
1589: .Pq roff
1590: Comment lines start with a dot, a backslash, and a double-quote character.
1591: The
1592: .Nm
1593: utility treats the line as a comment line even without the backslash,
1594: but leaving out the backslash might not be portable.
1595: .It Sy "invalid escape sequence"
1596: .Pq roff
1597: An escape sequence has an invalid opening argument delimiter, lacks the
1598: closing argument delimiter, or the argument has too few characters.
1599: If the argument is incomplete,
1600: .Ic \e*
1601: and
1602: .Ic \en
1603: expand to an empty string,
1604: .Ic \eB
1605: to the digit
1606: .Sq 0 ,
1607: and
1608: .Ic \ew
1609: to the length of the incomplete argument.
1610: All other invalid escape sequences are ignored.
1611: .It Sy "undefined string, using \(dq\(dq"
1612: .Pq roff
1613: If a string is used without being defined before,
1614: its value is implicitly set to the empty string.
1615: However, defining strings explicitly before use
1616: keeps the code more readable.
1617: .El
1.138 schwarze 1618: .Ss "Warnings related to tables"
1619: .Bl -ohang
1620: .It Sy "tbl line starts with span"
1621: .Pq tbl
1622: The first cell in a table layout line is a horizontal span
1623: .Pq Sq Cm s .
1624: Data provided for this cell is ignored, and nothing is printed in the cell.
1625: .It Sy "tbl column starts with span"
1626: .Pq tbl
1627: The first line of a table layout specification
1628: requests a vertical span
1629: .Pq Sq Cm ^ .
1630: Data provided for this cell is ignored, and nothing is printed in the cell.
1631: .It Sy "skipping vertical bar in tbl layout"
1632: .Pq tbl
1633: A table layout specification contains more than two consecutive vertical bars.
1634: A double bar is printed, all additional bars are discarded.
1.106 schwarze 1635: .El
1636: .Ss "Errors related to tables"
1.136 schwarze 1637: .Bl -ohang
1638: .It Sy "non-alphabetic character in tbl options"
1639: .Pq tbl
1640: The table options line contains a character other than a letter,
1641: blank, or comma where the beginning of an option name is expected.
1642: The character is ignored.
1643: .It Sy "skipping unknown tbl option"
1644: .Pq tbl
1645: The table options line contains a string of letters that does not
1646: match any known option name.
1647: The word is ignored.
1648: .It Sy "missing tbl option argument"
1649: .Pq tbl
1650: A table option that requires an argument is not followed by an
1651: opening parenthesis, or the opening parenthesis is immediately
1652: followed by a closing parenthesis.
1653: The option is ignored.
1654: .It Sy "wrong tbl option argument size"
1655: .Pq tbl
1656: A table option argument contains an invalid number of characters.
1657: Both the option and the argument are ignored.
1.138 schwarze 1658: .It Sy "empty tbl layout"
1659: .Pq tbl
1660: A table layout specification is completely empty,
1661: specifying zero lines and zero columns.
1662: As a fallback, a single left-justified column is used.
1663: .It Sy "invalid character in tbl layout"
1664: .Pq tbl
1665: A table layout specification contains a character that can neither
1666: be interpreted as a layout key character nor as a layout modifier,
1667: or a modifier precedes the first key.
1668: The invalid character is discarded.
1669: .It Sy "unmatched parenthesis in tbl layout"
1670: .Pq tbl
1671: A table layout specification contains an opening parenthesis,
1672: but no matching closing parenthesis.
1673: The rest of the input line, starting from the parenthesis, has no effect.
1.139 schwarze 1674: .It Sy "tbl without any data cells"
1675: .Pq tbl
1676: A table does not contain any data cells.
1677: It will probably produce no output.
1678: .It Sy "ignoring data in spanned tbl cell"
1679: .Pq tbl
1680: A table cell is marked as a horizontal span
1681: .Pq Sq Cm s
1682: or vertical span
1683: .Pq Sq Cm ^
1684: in the table layout, but it contains data.
1685: The data is ignored.
1686: .It Sy "ignoring extra tbl data cells"
1687: .Pq tbl
1688: A data line contains more cells than the corresponding layout line.
1689: The data in the extra cells is ignored.
1690: .It Sy "data block open at end of tbl"
1691: .Pq tbl
1692: A data block is opened with
1693: .Cm T{ ,
1694: but never closed with a matching
1695: .Cm T} .
1696: The remaining data lines of the table are all put into one cell,
1697: and any remaining cells stay empty.
1.106 schwarze 1698: .El
1699: .Ss "Errors related to roff, mdoc, and man code"
1700: .Bl -ohang
1701: .It Sy "input stack limit exceeded, infinite loop?"
1702: .Pq roff
1703: Explicit recursion limits are implemented for the following features,
1704: in order to prevent infinite loops:
1705: .Bl -dash -compact
1706: .It
1707: expansion of nested escape sequences
1708: including expansion of strings and number registers,
1709: .It
1710: expansion of nested user-defined macros,
1711: .It
1712: and
1713: .Ic \&so
1714: file inclusion.
1715: .El
1716: When a limit is hit, the output is incorrect, typically losing
1717: some content, but the parser can continue.
1718: .It Sy "skipping bad character"
1719: .Pq mdoc , man , roff
1720: The input file contains a byte that is not a printable
1721: .Xr ascii 7
1722: character.
1723: The message mentions the character number.
1724: The offending byte is replaced with a question mark
1725: .Pq Sq \&? .
1726: Consider editing the input file to replace the byte with an ASCII
1727: transliteration of the intended character.
1728: .It Sy "skipping unknown macro"
1729: .Pq mdoc , man , roff
1730: The first identifier on a request or macro line is neither recognized as a
1731: .Xr roff 7
1732: request, nor as a user-defined macro, nor, respectively, as an
1733: .Xr mdoc 7
1734: or
1735: .Xr man 7
1736: macro.
1737: It may be mistyped or unsupported.
1738: The request or macro is discarded including its arguments.
1.133 schwarze 1739: .It Sy "skipping insecure request"
1740: .Pq roff
1741: An input file attempted to run a shell command
1742: or to read or write an external file.
1743: Such attempts are denied for security reasons.
1.106 schwarze 1744: .It Sy "skipping item outside list"
1.118 schwarze 1745: .Pq mdoc , eqn
1.106 schwarze 1746: An
1747: .Ic \&It
1748: macro occurs outside any
1749: .Ic \&Bl
1.118 schwarze 1750: list, or an
1751: .Xr eqn 7
1752: .Ic above
1753: delimiter occurs outside any pile.
1.106 schwarze 1754: It is discarded including its arguments.
1755: .It Sy "skipping column outside column list"
1756: .Pq mdoc
1757: A
1758: .Ic \&Ta
1759: macro occurs outside any
1760: .Ic \&Bl Fl column
1761: block.
1762: It is discarded including its arguments.
1763: .It Sy "skipping end of block that is not open"
1764: .Pq mdoc , man , eqn , tbl , roff
1765: Various syntax elements can only be used to explicitly close blocks
1766: that have previously been opened.
1767: An
1768: .Xr mdoc 7
1769: block closing macro, a
1770: .Xr man 7
1.206 ! schwarze 1771: .Ic \&ME , \&RE
1.106 schwarze 1772: or
1773: .Ic \&UE
1.118 schwarze 1774: macro, an
1775: .Xr eqn 7
1776: right delimiter or closing brace, or the end of an equation, table, or
1.106 schwarze 1777: .Xr roff 7
1778: conditional request is encountered but no matching block is open.
1779: The offending request or macro is discarded.
1.135 schwarze 1780: .It Sy "fewer RS blocks open, skipping"
1781: .Pq man
1782: The
1783: .Ic \&RE
1784: macro is invoked with an argument, but less than the specified number of
1785: .Ic \&RS
1786: blocks is open.
1787: The
1788: .Ic \&RE
1789: macro is discarded.
1.106 schwarze 1790: .It Sy "inserting missing end of block"
1791: .Pq mdoc , tbl
1792: Various
1793: .Xr mdoc 7
1794: macros as well as tables require explicit closing by dedicated macros.
1795: A block that doesn't support bad nesting
1796: ends before all of its children are properly closed.
1797: The open child nodes are closed implicitly.
1.152 schwarze 1798: .It Sy "appending missing end of block"
1.106 schwarze 1799: .Pq mdoc , man , eqn , tbl , roff
1800: At the end of the document, an explicit
1801: .Xr mdoc 7
1802: block, a
1803: .Xr man 7
1804: next-line scope or
1.206 ! schwarze 1805: .Ic \&MT , \&RS
1.106 schwarze 1806: or
1807: .Ic \&UR
1808: block, an equation, table, or
1809: .Xr roff 7
1810: conditional or ignore block is still open.
1811: The open block is closed implicitly.
1812: .It Sy "escaped character not allowed in a name"
1813: .Pq roff
1814: Macro, string and register identifiers consist of printable,
1815: non-whitespace ASCII characters.
1816: Escape sequences and characters and strings expressed in terms of them
1817: cannot form part of a name.
1818: The first argument of an
1819: .Ic \&am ,
1820: .Ic \&as ,
1821: .Ic \&de ,
1822: .Ic \&ds ,
1823: .Ic \&nr ,
1824: or
1825: .Ic \&rr
1826: request, or any argument of an
1827: .Ic \&rm
1828: request, or the name of a request or user defined macro being called,
1829: is terminated by an escape sequence.
1830: In the cases of
1831: .Ic \&as ,
1832: .Ic \&ds ,
1833: and
1834: .Ic \&nr ,
1835: the request has no effect at all.
1836: In the cases of
1837: .Ic \&am ,
1838: .Ic \&de ,
1839: .Ic \&rr ,
1840: and
1841: .Ic \&rm ,
1842: what was parsed up to this point is used as the arguments to the request,
1843: and the rest of the input line is discarded including the escape sequence.
1844: When parsing for a request or a user-defined macro name to be called,
1845: only the escape sequence is discarded.
1846: The characters preceding it are used as the request or macro name,
1847: the characters following it are used as the arguments to the request or macro.
1.124 schwarze 1848: .It Sy "NOT IMPLEMENTED: Bd -file"
1849: .Pq mdoc
1850: For security reasons, the
1851: .Ic \&Bd
1852: macro does not support the
1853: .Fl file
1854: argument.
1855: By requesting the inclusion of a sensitive file, a malicious document
1856: might otherwise trick a privileged user into inadvertently displaying
1857: the file on the screen, revealing the file content to bystanders.
1858: The argument is ignored including the file name following it.
1.163 schwarze 1859: .It Sy "skipping display without arguments"
1860: .Pq mdoc
1861: A
1862: .Ic \&Bd
1863: block macro does not have any arguments.
1864: The block is discarded, and the block content is displayed in
1865: whatever mode was active before the block.
1.106 schwarze 1866: .It Sy "missing list type, using -item"
1867: .Pq mdoc
1868: A
1869: .Ic \&Bl
1870: macro fails to specify the list type.
1.194 schwarze 1871: .It Sy "argument is not numeric, using 1"
1872: .Pq roff
1873: The argument of a
1874: .Ic \&ce
1875: request is not a number.
1.106 schwarze 1876: .It Sy "missing manual name, using \(dq\(dq"
1877: .Pq mdoc
1878: The first call to
1.168 schwarze 1879: .Ic \&Nm ,
1880: or any call in the NAME section, lacks the required argument.
1.106 schwarze 1881: .It Sy "uname(3) system call failed, using UNKNOWN"
1882: .Pq mdoc
1883: The
1884: .Ic \&Os
1885: macro is called without arguments, and the
1886: .Xr uname 3
1887: system call failed.
1888: As a workaround,
1889: .Nm
1890: can be compiled with
1891: .Sm off
1892: .Fl D Cm OSNAME=\(dq\e\(dq Ar string Cm \e\(dq\(dq .
1893: .Sm on
1894: .It Sy "unknown standard specifier"
1895: .Pq mdoc
1896: An
1897: .Ic \&St
1898: macro has an unknown argument and is discarded.
1899: .It Sy "skipping request without numeric argument"
1.118 schwarze 1900: .Pq roff , eqn
1.106 schwarze 1901: An
1902: .Ic \&it
1.118 schwarze 1903: request or an
1904: .Xr eqn 7
1905: .Ic \&size
1906: or
1907: .Ic \&gsize
1908: statement has a non-numeric or negative argument or no argument at all.
1909: The invalid request or statement is ignored.
1.132 schwarze 1910: .It Sy "NOT IMPLEMENTED: .so with absolute path or \(dq..\(dq"
1911: .Pq roff
1912: For security reasons,
1913: .Nm
1914: allows
1915: .Ic \&so
1916: file inclusion requests only with relative paths
1917: and only without ascending to any parent directory.
1918: By requesting the inclusion of a sensitive file, a malicious document
1919: might otherwise trick a privileged user into inadvertently displaying
1920: the file on the screen, revealing the file content to bystanders.
1921: .Nm
1922: only shows the path as it appears behind
1923: .Ic \&so .
1924: .It Sy ".so request failed"
1925: .Pq roff
1926: Servicing a
1927: .Ic \&so
1928: request requires reading an external file, but the file could not be
1929: opened.
1930: .Nm
1931: only shows the path as it appears behind
1932: .Ic \&so .
1.106 schwarze 1933: .It Sy "skipping all arguments"
1934: .Pq mdoc , man , eqn , roff
1935: An
1936: .Xr mdoc 7
1937: .Ic \&Bt ,
1938: .Ic \&Ed ,
1939: .Ic \&Ef ,
1940: .Ic \&Ek ,
1941: .Ic \&El ,
1.144 schwarze 1942: .Ic \&Lp ,
1943: .Ic \&Pp ,
1.106 schwarze 1944: .Ic \&Re ,
1.143 schwarze 1945: .Ic \&Rs ,
1.106 schwarze 1946: or
1947: .Ic \&Ud
1948: macro, an
1949: .Ic \&It
1950: macro in a list that don't support item heads, a
1951: .Xr man 7
1952: .Ic \&LP ,
1953: .Ic \&P ,
1954: or
1955: .Ic \&PP
1956: macro, an
1957: .Xr eqn 7
1.120 schwarze 1958: .Ic \&EQ
1959: or
1.106 schwarze 1960: .Ic \&EN
1961: macro, or a
1962: .Xr roff 7
1.148 schwarze 1963: .Ic \&br ,
1964: .Ic \&fi ,
1965: or
1966: .Ic \&nf
1.144 schwarze 1967: request or
1.106 schwarze 1968: .Sq \&..
1969: block closing request is invoked with at least one argument.
1970: All arguments are ignored.
1971: .It Sy "skipping excess arguments"
1.135 schwarze 1972: .Pq mdoc , man , roff
1.150 schwarze 1973: A macro or request is invoked with too many arguments:
1974: .Bl -dash -offset 2n -width 2n -compact
1975: .It
1976: .Ic \&Fo ,
1.206 ! schwarze 1977: .Ic \&MT ,
1.150 schwarze 1978: .Ic \&PD ,
1979: .Ic \&RS ,
1980: .Ic \&UR ,
1981: .Ic \&ft ,
1982: or
1983: .Ic \&sp
1984: with more than one argument
1985: .It
1.144 schwarze 1986: .Ic \&An
1.150 schwarze 1987: with another argument after
1.144 schwarze 1988: .Fl split
1989: or
1.150 schwarze 1990: .Fl nosplit
1991: .It
1992: .Ic \&RE
1993: with more than one argument or with a non-integer argument
1994: .It
1995: .Ic \&OP
1996: or a request of the
1997: .Ic \&de
1998: family with more than two arguments
1.154 schwarze 1999: .It
2000: .Ic \&Dt
2001: with more than three arguments
1.150 schwarze 2002: .It
2003: .Ic \&TH
2004: with more than five arguments
2005: .It
1.145 schwarze 2006: .Ic \&Bd ,
2007: .Ic \&Bk ,
2008: or
2009: .Ic \&Bl
1.150 schwarze 2010: with invalid arguments
2011: .El
1.106 schwarze 2012: The excess arguments are ignored.
1.133 schwarze 2013: .El
2014: .Ss Unsupported features
2015: .Bl -ohang
2016: .It Sy "input too large"
2017: .Pq mdoc , man
2018: Currently,
2019: .Nm
2020: cannot handle input files larger than its arbitrary size limit
2021: of 2^31 bytes (2 Gigabytes).
2022: Since useful manuals are always small, this is not a problem in practice.
2023: Parsing is aborted as soon as the condition is detected.
1.136 schwarze 2024: .It Sy "unsupported control character"
2025: .Pq roff
2026: An ASCII control character supported by other
2027: .Xr roff 7
2028: implementations but not by
2029: .Nm
2030: was found in an input file.
2031: It is replaced by a question mark.
1.133 schwarze 2032: .It Sy "unsupported roff request"
2033: .Pq roff
2034: An input file contains a
2035: .Xr roff 7
2036: request supported by GNU troff or Heirloom troff but not by
2037: .Nm ,
2038: and it is likely that this will cause information loss
2039: or considerable misformatting.
1.139 schwarze 2040: .It Sy "eqn delim option in tbl"
2041: .Pq eqn , tbl
2042: The options line of a table defines equation delimiters.
2043: Any equation source code contained in the table will be printed unformatted.
2044: .It Sy "unsupported table layout modifier"
1.138 schwarze 2045: .Pq tbl
2046: A table layout specification contains an
2047: .Sq Cm m
2048: modifier.
2049: The modifier is discarded.
1.133 schwarze 2050: .It Sy "ignoring macro in table"
1.139 schwarze 2051: .Pq tbl , mdoc , man
2052: A table contains an invocation of an
2053: .Xr mdoc 7
2054: or
2055: .Xr man 7
2056: macro or of an undefined macro.
2057: The macro is ignored, and its arguments are handled
2058: as if they were a text line.
1.106 schwarze 2059: .El
1.1 kristaps 2060: .Sh SEE ALSO
1.141 schwarze 2061: .Xr apropos 1 ,
2062: .Xr man 1 ,
1.85 kristaps 2063: .Xr eqn 7 ,
1.57 kristaps 2064: .Xr man 7 ,
1.13 kristaps 2065: .Xr mandoc_char 7 ,
1.84 kristaps 2066: .Xr mdoc 7 ,
2067: .Xr roff 7 ,
2068: .Xr tbl 7
1.173 schwarze 2069: .Sh HISTORY
2070: The
2071: .Nm
2072: utility first appeared in
2073: .Ox 4.8 .
2074: The option
2075: .Fl I
2076: appeared in
2077: .Ox 5.2 ,
2078: and
2079: .Fl aCcfhKklMSsw
2080: in
2081: .Ox 5.7 .
1.1 kristaps 2082: .Sh AUTHORS
1.156 schwarze 2083: .An -nosplit
1.1 kristaps 2084: The
2085: .Nm
1.26 kristaps 2086: utility was written by
1.141 schwarze 2087: .An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq Mt kristaps@bsd.lv
2088: and is maintained by
2089: .An Ingo Schwarze Aq Mt schwarze@openbsd.org .
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