Annotation of mandoc/mandoc.1, Revision 1.211
1.211 ! schwarze 1: .\" $Id: mandoc.1,v 1.210 2017/07/01 09:47:30 schwarze Exp $
1.1 kristaps 2: .\"
1.92 schwarze 3: .\" Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2011 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv>
1.168 schwarze 4: .\" Copyright (c) 2012, 2014-2017 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>
1.1 kristaps 5: .\"
6: .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
1.16 kristaps 7: .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
8: .\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
1.1 kristaps 9: .\"
1.16 kristaps 10: .\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
11: .\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
12: .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
13: .\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
14: .\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
15: .\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
16: .\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
1.1 kristaps 17: .\"
1.211 ! schwarze 18: .Dd $Mdocdate: July 1 2017 $
1.14 kristaps 19: .Dt MANDOC 1
1.1 kristaps 20: .Os
21: .Sh NAME
22: .Nm mandoc
1.181 schwarze 23: .Nd format manual pages
1.1 kristaps 24: .Sh SYNOPSIS
25: .Nm mandoc
1.184 schwarze 26: .Op Fl ac
1.156 schwarze 27: .Op Fl I Cm os Ns = Ns Ar name
28: .Op Fl K Ar encoding
1.180 schwarze 29: .Op Fl mdoc | man
1.184 schwarze 30: .Op Fl O Ar options
1.156 schwarze 31: .Op Fl T Ar output
32: .Op Fl W Ar level
1.89 kristaps 33: .Op Ar
1.1 kristaps 34: .Sh DESCRIPTION
35: The
36: .Nm
1.26 kristaps 37: utility formats
1.8 kristaps 38: .Ux
1.57 kristaps 39: manual pages for display.
1.100 kristaps 40: .Pp
41: By default,
42: .Nm
43: reads
44: .Xr mdoc 7
45: or
46: .Xr man 7
1.180 schwarze 47: text from stdin and produces
1.156 schwarze 48: .Fl T Cm locale
1.100 kristaps 49: output.
50: .Pp
1.109 schwarze 51: The options are as follows:
1.19 kristaps 52: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.107 schwarze 53: .It Fl a
54: If the standard output is a terminal device and
55: .Fl c
56: is not specified, use
57: .Xr more 1
58: to paginate the output, just like
59: .Xr man 1
60: would.
61: .It Fl c
62: Copy the formatted manual pages to the standard output without using
63: .Xr more 1
64: to paginate them.
65: This is the default.
66: It can be specified to override
67: .Fl a .
1.156 schwarze 68: .It Fl I Cm os Ns = Ns Ar name
1.101 schwarze 69: Override the default operating system
70: .Ar name
71: for the
72: .Xr mdoc 7
1.180 schwarze 73: .Ic \&Os
1.130 schwarze 74: and for the
75: .Xr man 7
1.180 schwarze 76: .Ic \&TH
1.101 schwarze 77: macro.
1.156 schwarze 78: .It Fl K Ar encoding
1.119 schwarze 79: Specify the input encoding.
80: The supported
81: .Ar encoding
82: arguments are
83: .Cm us-ascii ,
84: .Cm iso-8859-1 ,
85: and
86: .Cm utf-8 .
1.176 schwarze 87: If not specified, autodetection uses the first match in the following
88: list:
89: .Bl -enum
90: .It
91: If the first three bytes of the input file are the UTF-8 byte order
92: mark (BOM, 0xefbbbf), input is interpreted as
93: .Cm utf-8 .
94: .It
95: If the first or second line of the input file matches the
1.119 schwarze 96: .Sy emacs
97: mode line format
98: .Pp
99: .D1 .\e" -*- Oo ...; Oc coding: Ar encoding ; No -*-
1.176 schwarze 100: .Pp
101: then input is interpreted according to
102: .Ar encoding .
103: .It
104: If the first non-ASCII byte in the file introduces a valid UTF-8
105: sequence, input is interpreted as
106: .Cm utf-8 .
107: .It
108: Otherwise, input is interpreted as
109: .Cm iso-8859-1 .
1.119 schwarze 110: .El
1.180 schwarze 111: .It Fl mdoc | man
112: With
113: .Fl mdoc ,
114: all input files are interpreted as
115: .Xr mdoc 7 .
116: With
117: .Fl man ,
118: all input files are interpreted as
119: .Xr man 7 .
120: By default, the input language is automatically detected for each file:
121: if the the first macro is
122: .Ic \&Dd
123: or
124: .Ic \&Dt ,
125: the
126: .Xr mdoc 7
127: parser is used; otherwise, the
128: .Xr man 7
129: parser is used.
130: With other arguments,
131: .Fl m
132: is silently ignored.
1.184 schwarze 133: .It Fl O Ar options
1.57 kristaps 134: Comma-separated output options.
1.156 schwarze 135: .It Fl T Ar output
1.57 kristaps 136: Output format.
137: See
1.1 kristaps 138: .Sx Output Formats
1.57 kristaps 139: for available formats.
140: Defaults to
1.156 schwarze 141: .Fl T Cm locale .
142: .It Fl W Ar level
1.77 schwarze 143: Specify the minimum message
144: .Ar level
145: to be reported on the standard error output and to affect the exit status.
146: The
147: .Ar level
148: can be
1.202 schwarze 149: .Cm base ,
1.185 schwarze 150: .Cm style ,
1.133 schwarze 151: .Cm warning ,
152: .Cm error ,
1.77 schwarze 153: or
1.202 schwarze 154: .Cm unsupp .
155: The
156: .Cm base
157: level automatically derives the operating system from the contents of the
158: .Ic \&Os
159: macro, from the
160: .Fl Ios
161: command line option, or from the
162: .Xr uname 3
163: return value.
164: The levels
165: .Cm openbsd
166: and
167: .Cm netbsd
168: are variants of
169: .Cm base
170: that bypass autodetection and request validation of base system
171: conventions for a particular operating system.
172: The level
1.132 schwarze 173: .Cm all
1.77 schwarze 174: is an alias for
1.202 schwarze 175: .Cm base .
1.132 schwarze 176: By default,
177: .Nm
178: is silent.
1.77 schwarze 179: See
180: .Sx EXIT STATUS
181: and
182: .Sx DIAGNOSTICS
183: for details.
184: .Pp
185: The special option
1.156 schwarze 186: .Fl W Cm stop
1.77 schwarze 187: tells
188: .Nm
189: to exit after parsing a file that causes warnings or errors of at least
190: the requested level.
191: No formatted output will be produced from that file.
192: If both a
193: .Ar level
194: and
195: .Cm stop
196: are requested, they can be joined with a comma, for example
1.156 schwarze 197: .Fl W Cm error , Ns Cm stop .
1.58 kristaps 198: .It Ar file
199: Read input from zero or more files.
1.57 kristaps 200: If unspecified, reads from stdin.
201: If multiple files are specified,
1.2 kristaps 202: .Nm
203: will halt with the first failed parse.
1.1 kristaps 204: .El
1.109 schwarze 205: .Pp
1.183 schwarze 206: The options
207: .Fl fhklw
208: are also supported and are documented in man(1).
1.109 schwarze 209: In
210: .Fl f
211: and
212: .Fl k
213: mode,
214: .Nm
215: also supports the options
1.183 schwarze 216: .Fl CMmOSs
1.109 schwarze 217: described in the
218: .Xr apropos 1
219: manual.
1.182 schwarze 220: The options
221: .Fl fkl
222: are mutually exclusive and override each other.
1.1 kristaps 223: .Ss Output Formats
224: The
225: .Nm
226: utility accepts the following
227: .Fl T
1.66 kristaps 228: arguments, which correspond to output modes:
1.175 schwarze 229: .Bl -tag -width "-T markdown"
1.156 schwarze 230: .It Fl T Cm ascii
1.81 kristaps 231: Produce 7-bit ASCII output.
1.57 kristaps 232: See
1.48 kristaps 233: .Sx ASCII Output .
1.156 schwarze 234: .It Fl T Cm html
1.116 kristaps 235: Produce HTML5, CSS1, and MathML output.
1.57 kristaps 236: See
1.48 kristaps 237: .Sx HTML Output .
1.156 schwarze 238: .It Fl T Cm lint
1.58 kristaps 239: Parse only: produce no output.
240: Implies
1.202 schwarze 241: .Fl W Cm all .
1.156 schwarze 242: .It Fl T Cm locale
1.93 schwarze 243: Encode output using the current locale.
1.128 schwarze 244: This is the default.
1.93 schwarze 245: See
246: .Sx Locale Output .
1.156 schwarze 247: .It Fl T Cm man
1.95 kristaps 248: Produce
1.91 schwarze 249: .Xr man 7
1.95 kristaps 250: format output.
251: See
252: .Sx Man Output .
1.175 schwarze 253: .It Fl T Cm markdown
254: Produce output in
255: .Sy markdown
256: format.
257: See
258: .Sx Markdown Output .
1.156 schwarze 259: .It Fl T Cm pdf
1.73 kristaps 260: Produce PDF output.
261: See
262: .Sx PDF Output .
1.156 schwarze 263: .It Fl T Cm ps
1.62 kristaps 264: Produce PostScript output.
265: See
266: .Sx PostScript Output .
1.156 schwarze 267: .It Fl T Cm tree
1.58 kristaps 268: Produce an indented parse tree.
1.161 schwarze 269: See
270: .Sx Syntax tree output .
1.156 schwarze 271: .It Fl T Cm utf8
1.93 schwarze 272: Encode output in the UTF\-8 multi-byte format.
273: See
274: .Sx UTF\-8 Output .
1.1 kristaps 275: .El
1.13 kristaps 276: .Pp
277: If multiple input files are specified, these will be processed by the
278: corresponding filter in-order.
1.66 kristaps 279: .Ss ASCII Output
280: Output produced by
1.156 schwarze 281: .Fl T Cm ascii
1.128 schwarze 282: is rendered in standard 7-bit ASCII documented in
1.66 kristaps 283: .Xr ascii 7 .
284: .Pp
285: Font styles are applied by using back-spaced encoding such that an
286: underlined character
287: .Sq c
288: is rendered as
289: .Sq _ Ns \e[bs] Ns c ,
290: where
291: .Sq \e[bs]
292: is the back-space character number 8.
293: Emboldened characters are rendered as
294: .Sq c Ns \e[bs] Ns c .
295: .Pp
296: The special characters documented in
297: .Xr mandoc_char 7
298: are rendered best-effort in an ASCII equivalent.
299: .Pp
300: Output width is limited to 78 visible columns unless literal input lines
301: exceed this limit.
302: .Pp
303: The following
304: .Fl O
305: arguments are accepted:
1.19 kristaps 306: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.98 schwarze 307: .It Cm indent Ns = Ns Ar indent
308: The left margin for normal text is set to
309: .Ar indent
310: blank characters instead of the default of five for
311: .Xr mdoc 7
312: and seven for
313: .Xr man 7 .
314: Increasing this is not recommended; it may result in degraded formatting,
1.99 schwarze 315: for example overfull lines or ugly line breaks.
1.66 kristaps 316: .It Cm width Ns = Ns Ar width
317: The output width is set to
1.199 schwarze 318: .Ar width .
1.1 kristaps 319: .El
1.66 kristaps 320: .Ss HTML Output
321: Output produced by
1.156 schwarze 322: .Fl T Cm html
1.114 kristaps 323: conforms to HTML5 using optional self-closing tags.
1.116 kristaps 324: Default styles use only CSS1.
325: Equations rendered from
326: .Xr eqn 7
327: blocks use MathML.
1.66 kristaps 328: .Pp
1.61 kristaps 329: The
1.164 schwarze 330: .Pa mandoc.css
1.83 kristaps 331: file documents style-sheet classes available for customising output.
332: If a style-sheet is not specified with
1.156 schwarze 333: .Fl O Cm style ,
334: .Fl T Cm html
1.114 kristaps 335: defaults to simple output (via an embedded style-sheet)
336: readable in any graphical or text-based web
1.83 kristaps 337: browser.
1.66 kristaps 338: .Pp
1.89 kristaps 339: Special characters are rendered in decimal-encoded UTF\-8.
1.66 kristaps 340: .Pp
341: The following
1.64 kristaps 342: .Fl O
1.66 kristaps 343: arguments are accepted:
1.37 kristaps 344: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.94 kristaps 345: .It Cm fragment
1.123 schwarze 346: Omit the <!DOCTYPE> declaration and the <html>, <head>, and <body>
347: elements and only emit the subtree below the <body> element.
1.94 kristaps 348: The
349: .Cm style
1.97 schwarze 350: argument will be ignored.
1.94 kristaps 351: This is useful when embedding manual content within existing documents.
1.64 kristaps 352: .It Cm includes Ns = Ns Ar fmt
1.40 kristaps 353: The string
354: .Ar fmt ,
1.49 kristaps 355: for example,
1.40 kristaps 356: .Ar ../src/%I.html ,
357: is used as a template for linked header files (usually via the
1.180 schwarze 358: .Ic \&In
1.57 kristaps 359: macro).
360: Instances of
1.43 kristaps 361: .Sq \&%I
1.57 kristaps 362: are replaced with the include filename.
363: The default is not to present a
1.40 kristaps 364: hyperlink.
1.64 kristaps 365: .It Cm man Ns = Ns Ar fmt
1.39 kristaps 366: The string
367: .Ar fmt ,
1.49 kristaps 368: for example,
1.39 kristaps 369: .Ar ../html%S/%N.%S.html ,
370: is used as a template for linked manuals (usually via the
1.180 schwarze 371: .Ic \&Xr
1.57 kristaps 372: macro).
373: Instances of
1.43 kristaps 374: .Sq \&%N
1.40 kristaps 375: and
376: .Sq %S
377: are replaced with the linked manual's name and section, respectively.
1.57 kristaps 378: If no section is included, section 1 is assumed.
379: The default is not to
1.40 kristaps 380: present a hyperlink.
1.64 kristaps 381: .It Cm style Ns = Ns Ar style.css
1.58 kristaps 382: The file
383: .Ar style.css
384: is used for an external style-sheet.
385: This must be a valid absolute or
386: relative URI.
1.61 kristaps 387: .El
1.93 schwarze 388: .Ss Locale Output
389: Locale-depending output encoding is triggered with
1.156 schwarze 390: .Fl T Cm locale .
1.128 schwarze 391: This is the default.
392: .Pp
1.93 schwarze 393: This option is not available on all systems: systems without locale
394: support, or those whose internal representation is not natively UCS-4,
395: will fall back to
1.156 schwarze 396: .Fl T Cm ascii .
1.93 schwarze 397: See
398: .Sx ASCII Output
399: for font style specification and available command-line arguments.
1.95 kristaps 400: .Ss Man Output
401: Translate input format into
402: .Xr man 7
403: output format.
1.102 schwarze 404: This is useful for distributing manual sources to legacy systems
1.96 kristaps 405: lacking
1.95 kristaps 406: .Xr mdoc 7
407: formatters.
408: .Pp
409: If
410: .Xr mdoc 7
411: is passed as input, it is translated into
1.97 schwarze 412: .Xr man 7 .
413: If the input format is
1.95 kristaps 414: .Xr man 7 ,
1.97 schwarze 415: the input is copied to the output, expanding any
1.95 kristaps 416: .Xr roff 7
1.180 schwarze 417: .Ic so
1.97 schwarze 418: requests.
419: The parser is also run, and as usual, the
420: .Fl W
421: level controls which
422: .Sx DIAGNOSTICS
423: are displayed before copying the input to the output.
1.175 schwarze 424: .Ss Markdown Output
425: Translate
426: .Xr mdoc 7
427: input to the
428: .Sy markdown
429: format conforming to
430: .Lk http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax.text\
431: "John Gruber's 2004 specification" .
1.178 schwarze 432: The output also almost conforms to the
433: .Lk http://commonmark.org/ CommonMark
434: specification.
435: .Pp
436: The character set used for the markdown output is ASCII.
437: Non-ASCII characters are encoded as HTML entities.
438: Since that is not possible in literal font contexts, because these
439: are rendered as code spans and code blocks in the markdown output,
440: non-ASCII characters are transliterated to ASCII approximations in
441: these contexts.
1.175 schwarze 442: .Pp
443: Markdown is a very weak markup language, so all semantic markup is
444: lost, and even part of the presentational markup may be lost.
445: Do not use this as an intermediate step in converting to HTML;
446: instead, use
447: .Fl T Cm html
448: directly.
449: .Pp
450: The
451: .Xr man 7 ,
452: .Xr tbl 7 ,
453: and
454: .Xr eqn 7
455: input languages are not supported by
456: .Fl T Cm markdown
457: output mode.
1.93 schwarze 458: .Ss PDF Output
459: PDF-1.1 output may be generated by
1.156 schwarze 460: .Fl T Cm pdf .
1.93 schwarze 461: See
462: .Sx PostScript Output
463: for
464: .Fl O
465: arguments and defaults.
1.62 kristaps 466: .Ss PostScript Output
1.65 kristaps 467: PostScript
468: .Qq Adobe-3.0
469: Level-2 pages may be generated by
1.156 schwarze 470: .Fl T Cm ps .
1.67 kristaps 471: Output pages default to letter sized and are rendered in the Times font
1.70 kristaps 472: family, 11-point.
473: Margins are calculated as 1/9 the page length and width.
1.71 kristaps 474: Line-height is 1.4m.
1.66 kristaps 475: .Pp
476: Special characters are rendered as in
477: .Sx ASCII Output .
478: .Pp
479: The following
480: .Fl O
481: arguments are accepted:
482: .Bl -tag -width Ds
483: .It Cm paper Ns = Ns Ar name
484: The paper size
485: .Ar name
486: may be one of
1.68 kristaps 487: .Ar a3 ,
488: .Ar a4 ,
489: .Ar a5 ,
490: .Ar legal ,
1.66 kristaps 491: or
492: .Ar letter .
1.68 kristaps 493: You may also manually specify dimensions as
494: .Ar NNxNN ,
495: width by height in millimetres.
496: If an unknown value is encountered,
497: .Ar letter
498: is used.
1.66 kristaps 499: .El
1.93 schwarze 500: .Ss UTF\-8 Output
501: Use
1.156 schwarze 502: .Fl T Cm utf8
1.93 schwarze 503: to force a UTF\-8 locale.
1.73 kristaps 504: See
1.93 schwarze 505: .Sx Locale Output
506: for details and options.
1.161 schwarze 507: .Ss Syntax tree output
508: Use
509: .Fl T Cm tree
510: to show a human readable representation of the syntax tree.
511: It is useful for debugging the source code of manual pages.
1.162 schwarze 512: The exact format is subject to change, so don't write parsers for it.
1.170 schwarze 513: .Pp
514: The first paragraph shows meta data found in the
515: .Xr mdoc 7
516: prologue, on the
517: .Xr man 7
518: .Ic \&TH
519: line, or the fallbacks used.
520: .Pp
521: In the tree dump, each output line shows one syntax tree node.
1.161 schwarze 522: Child nodes are indented with respect to their parent node.
523: The columns are:
524: .Pp
525: .Bl -enum -compact
526: .It
527: For macro nodes, the macro name; for text and
528: .Xr tbl 7
1.162 schwarze 529: nodes, the content.
530: There is a special format for
1.161 schwarze 531: .Xr eqn 7
532: nodes.
533: .It
534: Node type (text, elem, block, head, body, body-end, tail, tbl, eqn).
535: .It
536: Flags:
537: .Bl -dash -compact
538: .It
539: An opening parenthesis if the node is an opening delimiter.
540: .It
541: An asterisk if the node starts a new input line.
542: .It
543: The input line number (starting at one).
544: .It
545: A colon.
546: .It
547: The input column number (starting at one).
548: .It
549: A closing parenthesis if the node is a closing delimiter.
550: .It
551: A full stop if the node ends a sentence.
1.169 schwarze 552: .It
1.174 schwarze 553: BROKEN if the node is a block broken by another block.
554: .It
1.169 schwarze 555: NOSRC if the node is not in the input file,
556: but automatically generated from macros.
557: .It
558: NOPRT if the node is not supposed to generate output
559: for any output format.
1.161 schwarze 560: .El
1.174 schwarze 561: .El
562: .Pp
563: The following
564: .Fl O
565: argument is accepted:
566: .Bl -tag -width Ds
567: .It Cm noval
568: Skip validation and show the unvalidated syntax tree.
569: This can help to find out whether a given behaviour is caused by
570: the parser or by the validator.
571: Meta data is not available in this case.
1.161 schwarze 572: .El
1.108 schwarze 573: .Sh ENVIRONMENT
574: .Bl -tag -width MANPAGER
575: .It Ev MANPAGER
576: Any non-empty value of the environment variable
577: .Ev MANPAGER
1.179 schwarze 578: is used instead of the standard pagination program,
579: .Xr more 1 ;
580: see
581: .Xr man 1
582: for details.
583: Only used if
584: .Fl a
585: or
586: .Fl l
587: is specified.
1.108 schwarze 588: .It Ev PAGER
589: Specifies the pagination program to use when
590: .Ev MANPAGER
591: is not defined.
592: If neither PAGER nor MANPAGER is defined,
1.159 schwarze 593: .Xr more 1
594: .Fl s
1.179 schwarze 595: is used.
596: Only used if
597: .Fl a
598: or
599: .Fl l
600: is specified.
1.108 schwarze 601: .El
1.77 schwarze 602: .Sh EXIT STATUS
603: The
604: .Nm
605: utility exits with one of the following values, controlled by the message
606: .Ar level
607: associated with the
608: .Fl W
609: option:
610: .Pp
611: .Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
612: .It 0
1.202 schwarze 613: No base system convention violations, style suggestions, warnings,
614: or errors occurred, or those that did were ignored because they
615: were lower than the requested
1.77 schwarze 616: .Ar level .
1.185 schwarze 617: .It 1
1.202 schwarze 618: At least one base system convention violation or style suggestion
619: occurred, but no warning or error, and
620: .Fl W Cm base
621: or
1.185 schwarze 622: .Fl W Cm style
623: was specified.
1.77 schwarze 624: .It 2
625: At least one warning occurred, but no error, and
1.156 schwarze 626: .Fl W Cm warning
1.202 schwarze 627: or a lower
628: .Ar level
629: was requested.
1.77 schwarze 630: .It 3
1.133 schwarze 631: At least one parsing error occurred,
632: but no unsupported feature was encountered, and
1.156 schwarze 633: .Fl W Cm error
1.185 schwarze 634: or a lower
635: .Ar level
636: was requested.
1.133 schwarze 637: .It 4
1.134 schwarze 638: At least one unsupported feature was encountered, and
1.185 schwarze 639: .Fl W Cm unsupp
640: or a lower
641: .Ar level
642: was requested.
1.77 schwarze 643: .It 5
644: Invalid command line arguments were specified.
645: No input files have been read.
646: .It 6
1.131 schwarze 647: An operating system error occurred, for example exhaustion
648: of memory, file descriptors, or process table entries.
1.77 schwarze 649: Such errors cause
650: .Nm
651: to exit at once, possibly in the middle of parsing or formatting a file.
652: .El
653: .Pp
654: Note that selecting
1.156 schwarze 655: .Fl T Cm lint
1.77 schwarze 656: output mode implies
1.202 schwarze 657: .Fl W Cm all .
1.1 kristaps 658: .Sh EXAMPLES
1.13 kristaps 659: To page manuals to the terminal:
1.1 kristaps 660: .Pp
1.187 schwarze 661: .Dl $ mandoc -l mandoc.1 man.1 apropos.1 makewhatis.8
1.28 kristaps 662: .Pp
1.41 kristaps 663: To produce HTML manuals with
1.164 schwarze 664: .Pa mandoc.css
1.41 kristaps 665: as the style-sheet:
1.38 kristaps 666: .Pp
1.164 schwarze 667: .Dl $ mandoc \-T html -O style=mandoc.css mdoc.7 \*(Gt mdoc.7.html
1.38 kristaps 668: .Pp
1.28 kristaps 669: To check over a large set of manuals:
670: .Pp
1.158 schwarze 671: .Dl $ mandoc \-T lint \(gafind /usr/src -name \e*\e.[1-9]\(ga
1.66 kristaps 672: .Pp
673: To produce a series of PostScript manuals for A4 paper:
674: .Pp
1.156 schwarze 675: .Dl $ mandoc \-T ps \-O paper=a4 mdoc.7 man.7 \*(Gt manuals.ps
1.91 schwarze 676: .Pp
677: Convert a modern
678: .Xr mdoc 7
679: manual to the older
680: .Xr man 7
681: format, for use on systems lacking an
682: .Xr mdoc 7
683: parser:
684: .Pp
1.156 schwarze 685: .Dl $ mandoc \-T man foo.mdoc \*(Gt foo.man
1.77 schwarze 686: .Sh DIAGNOSTICS
1.106 schwarze 687: Messages displayed by
688: .Nm
689: follow this format:
1.202 schwarze 690: .Bd -ragged -offset indent
1.205 schwarze 691: .Nm :
1.202 schwarze 692: .Ar file : Ns Ar line : Ns Ar column : level : message : macro args
693: .Pq Ar os
694: .Ed
1.77 schwarze 695: .Pp
1.106 schwarze 696: Line and column numbers start at 1.
697: Both are omitted for messages referring to an input file as a whole.
698: Macro names and arguments are omitted where meaningless.
1.202 schwarze 699: The
700: .Ar os
701: operating system specifier is omitted for messages that are relevant
702: for all operating systems.
1.106 schwarze 703: Fatal messages about invalid command line arguments
704: or operating system errors, for example when memory is exhausted,
705: may also omit the
706: .Ar file
1.104 schwarze 707: and
1.106 schwarze 708: .Ar level
709: fields.
1.104 schwarze 710: .Pp
1.77 schwarze 711: Message levels have the following meanings:
712: .Bl -tag -width "warning"
1.133 schwarze 713: .It Cm unsupp
714: An input file uses unsupported low-level
715: .Xr roff 7
716: features.
717: The output may be incomplete and/or misformatted,
718: so using GNU troff instead of
719: .Nm
720: to process the file may be preferable.
1.77 schwarze 721: .It Cm error
1.133 schwarze 722: An input file contains invalid syntax that cannot be safely interpreted.
1.77 schwarze 723: By discarding part of the input or inserting missing tokens,
724: the parser is able to continue, and the error does not prevent
725: generation of formatted output, but typically, preparing that
726: output involves information loss, broken document structure
1.133 schwarze 727: or unintended formatting, no matter whether
728: .Nm
729: or GNU troff is used.
730: In many cases, the output of
731: .Nm
732: and GNU troff is identical, but in some,
733: .Nm
734: is more resilient than GNU troff with respect to malformed input.
1.131 schwarze 735: .Pp
736: Non-existent or unreadable input files are also reported on the
737: .Cm error
738: level.
739: In that case, the parser cannot even be started and no output
740: is produced from those input files.
1.77 schwarze 741: .It Cm warning
742: An input file uses obsolete, discouraged or non-portable syntax.
743: All the same, the meaning of the input is unambiguous and a correct
744: rendering can be produced.
745: Documents causing warnings may render poorly when using other
746: formatting tools instead of
747: .Nm .
1.185 schwarze 748: .It Cm style
749: An input file uses dubious or discouraged style.
750: This is not a complaint about the syntax, and probably neither
751: formatting nor portability are in danger.
752: While great care is taken to avoid false positives on the higher
753: message levels, the
754: .Cm style
755: level tries to reduce the probability that issues go unnoticed,
756: so it may occasionally issue bogus suggestions.
757: Please use your good judgement to decide whether any particular
758: .Cm style
759: suggestion really justifies a change to the input file.
1.202 schwarze 760: .It Cm base
761: A convertion used in the base system of a specific operating system
762: is not adhered to.
763: These are not markup mistakes, and neither the quality of formatting
764: nor portability are in danger.
1.77 schwarze 765: .El
766: .Pp
767: Messages of the
1.202 schwarze 768: .Cm base ,
1.185 schwarze 769: .Cm style ,
1.133 schwarze 770: .Cm warning ,
771: .Cm error ,
1.77 schwarze 772: and
1.133 schwarze 773: .Cm unsupp
1.131 schwarze 774: levels except those about non-existent or unreadable input files
775: are hidden unless their level, or a lower level, is requested using a
1.77 schwarze 776: .Fl W
777: option or
1.156 schwarze 778: .Fl T Cm lint
1.77 schwarze 779: output mode.
1.202 schwarze 780: .Pp
781: As indicated below, all
782: .Cm base
783: and some
784: .Cm style
785: checks are only performed if a specific operating system name occurs
786: in the arguments of the
787: .Fl W
788: command line option, of the
1.195 schwarze 789: .Ic \&Os
790: macro, of the
791: .Fl Ios
792: command line option, or, if neither are present, in the return value
793: of the
794: .Xr uname 3
795: function.
1.202 schwarze 796: .Ss Conventions for base system manuals
1.189 schwarze 797: .Bl -ohang
1.200 schwarze 798: .It Sy "Mdocdate found"
799: .Pq mdoc , Nx
800: The
801: .Ic \&Dd
802: macro uses CVS
803: .Ic Mdocdate
804: keyword substitution, which is not supported by the
805: .Nx
806: base system.
807: Consider using the conventional
808: .Dq "Month dd, yyyy"
809: format instead.
810: .It Sy "Mdocdate missing"
811: .Pq mdoc , Ox
812: The
813: .Ic \&Dd
814: macro does not use CVS
815: .Ic Mdocdate
816: keyword substitution, but using it is conventionally expected in the
817: .Ox
818: base system.
1.204 schwarze 819: .It Sy "unknown architecture"
820: .Pq mdoc , Ox , Nx
821: The third argument of the
822: .Ic \&Dt
823: macro does not match any of the architectures this operating system
824: is running on.
1.203 schwarze 825: .It Sy "operating system explicitly specified"
826: .Pq mdoc , Ox , Nx
827: The
828: .Ic \&Os
829: macro has an argument.
830: In the base system, it is conventionally left blank.
1.202 schwarze 831: .It Sy "RCS id missing"
832: .Pq Ox , Nx
833: The manual page lacks the comment line with the RCS identifier
834: generated by CVS
835: .Ic OpenBSD
836: or
837: .Ic NetBSD
838: keyword substitution as conventionally used in these operating systems.
1.210 schwarze 839: .It Sy "referenced manual not found"
840: .Pq mdoc
841: An
842: .Ic \&Xr
843: macro references a manual page that is not found in the base system.
844: The path to look for base system manuals is configurable at compile
845: time and defaults to
846: .Pa /usr/share/man : /usr/X11R6/man .
1.202 schwarze 847: .El
848: .Ss Style suggestions
849: .Bl -ohang
1.200 schwarze 850: .It Sy "legacy man(7) date format"
851: .Pq mdoc
852: The
853: .Ic \&Dd
854: macro uses the legacy
855: .Xr man 7
856: date format
857: .Dq yyyy-dd-mm .
858: Consider using the conventional
859: .Xr mdoc 7
860: date format
861: .Dq "Month dd, yyyy"
862: instead.
1.201 schwarze 863: .It Sy "duplicate RCS id"
864: A single manual page contains two copies of the RCS identifier for
865: the same operating system.
866: Consider deleting the later instance and moving the first one up
867: to the top of the page.
1.207 schwarze 868: .It Sy "typo in section name"
869: .Pq mdoc
870: Fuzzy string matching revealed that the argument of an
871: .Ic \&Sh
872: macro is similar, but not identical to a standard section name.
1.189 schwarze 873: .It Sy "useless macro"
874: .Pq mdoc
875: A
876: .Ic \&Bt ,
877: .Ic \&Tn ,
878: or
1.190 schwarze 879: .Ic \&Ud
1.189 schwarze 880: macro was found.
1.190 schwarze 881: Simply delete it: it serves no useful purpose.
1.191 schwarze 882: .It Sy "consider using OS macro"
883: .Pq mdoc
884: A string was found in plain text or in a
885: .Ic \&Bx
886: macro that could be represented using
887: .Ic \&Ox ,
888: .Ic \&Nx ,
889: .Ic \&Fx ,
890: or
891: .Ic \&Dx .
1.195 schwarze 892: .It Sy "errnos out of order"
893: .Pq mdoc, Nx
894: The
895: .Ic \&Er
896: items in a
897: .Ic \&Bl
898: list are not in alphabetical order.
899: .It Sy "duplicate errno"
900: .Pq mdoc, Nx
901: A
902: .Ic \&Bl
903: list contains two consecutive
904: .Ic \&It
905: entries describing the same
906: .Ic \&Er
907: number.
1.192 schwarze 908: .It Sy "description line ends with a full stop"
909: .Pq mdoc
910: Do not use punctuation at the end of an
911: .Ic \&Nd
912: block.
1.197 schwarze 913: .It Sy "no blank before trailing delimiter"
1.198 schwarze 914: .Pq mdoc
1.197 schwarze 915: The last argument of a macro that supports trailing delimiter
916: arguments is longer than one byte and ends with a trailing delimiter.
917: Consider inserting a blank such that the delimiter becomes a separate
918: argument, thus moving it out of the scope of the macro.
1.198 schwarze 919: .It Sy "function name without markup"
920: .Pq mdoc
921: A word followed by an empty pair of parentheses occurs on a text line.
922: Consider using an
923: .Ic \&Fn
924: or
925: .Ic \&Xr
926: macro.
1.189 schwarze 927: .El
1.106 schwarze 928: .Ss Warnings related to the document prologue
929: .Bl -ohang
930: .It Sy "missing manual title, using UNTITLED"
931: .Pq mdoc
932: A
933: .Ic \&Dt
934: macro has no arguments, or there is no
935: .Ic \&Dt
936: macro before the first non-prologue macro.
937: .It Sy "missing manual title, using \(dq\(dq"
938: .Pq man
939: There is no
940: .Ic \&TH
941: macro, or it has no arguments.
942: .It Sy "lower case character in document title"
943: .Pq mdoc , man
944: The title is still used as given in the
945: .Ic \&Dt
946: or
947: .Ic \&TH
948: macro.
949: .It Sy "missing manual section, using \(dq\(dq"
950: .Pq mdoc , man
951: A
952: .Ic \&Dt
953: or
954: .Ic \&TH
955: macro lacks the mandatory section argument.
956: .It Sy "unknown manual section"
957: .Pq mdoc
958: The section number in a
959: .Ic \&Dt
960: line is invalid, but still used.
961: .It Sy "missing date, using today's date"
962: .Pq mdoc, man
963: The document was parsed as
964: .Xr mdoc 7
965: and it has no
966: .Ic \&Dd
967: macro, or the
968: .Ic \&Dd
969: macro has no arguments or only empty arguments;
970: or the document was parsed as
971: .Xr man 7
972: and it has no
973: .Ic \&TH
974: macro, or the
975: .Ic \&TH
976: macro has less than three arguments or its third argument is empty.
977: .It Sy "cannot parse date, using it verbatim"
978: .Pq mdoc , man
979: The date given in a
980: .Ic \&Dd
981: or
982: .Ic \&TH
983: macro does not follow the conventional format.
984: .It Sy "missing Os macro, using \(dq\(dq"
985: .Pq mdoc
986: The default or current system is not shown in this case.
987: .It Sy "duplicate prologue macro"
988: .Pq mdoc
989: One of the prologue macros occurs more than once.
990: The last instance overrides all previous ones.
991: .It Sy "late prologue macro"
992: .Pq mdoc
993: A
994: .Ic \&Dd
995: or
996: .Ic \&Os
997: macro occurs after some non-prologue macro, but still takes effect.
998: .It Sy "skipping late title macro"
999: .Pq mdoc
1000: The
1001: .Ic \&Dt
1.152 schwarze 1002: macro appears after the first non-prologue macro.
1003: Traditional formatters cannot handle this because
1004: they write the page header before parsing the document body.
1.106 schwarze 1005: Even though this technical restriction does not apply to
1006: .Nm ,
1007: traditional semantics is preserved.
1008: The late macro is discarded including its arguments.
1009: .It Sy "prologue macros out of order"
1010: .Pq mdoc
1011: The prologue macros are not given in the conventional order
1012: .Ic \&Dd ,
1013: .Ic \&Dt ,
1014: .Ic \&Os .
1015: All three macros are used even when given in another order.
1016: .El
1017: .Ss Warnings regarding document structure
1018: .Bl -ohang
1019: .It Sy ".so is fragile, better use ln(1)"
1020: .Pq roff
1021: Including files only works when the parser program runs with the correct
1022: current working directory.
1023: .It Sy "no document body"
1024: .Pq mdoc , man
1025: The document body contains neither text nor macros.
1026: An empty document is shown, consisting only of a header and a footer line.
1027: .It Sy "content before first section header"
1028: .Pq mdoc , man
1029: Some macros or text precede the first
1030: .Ic \&Sh
1031: or
1032: .Ic \&SH
1033: section header.
1034: The offending macros and text are parsed and added to the top level
1035: of the syntax tree, outside any section block.
1036: .It Sy "first section is not NAME"
1037: .Pq mdoc
1038: The argument of the first
1039: .Ic \&Sh
1040: macro is not
1041: .Sq NAME .
1042: This may confuse
1043: .Xr makewhatis 8
1044: and
1045: .Xr apropos 1 .
1.168 schwarze 1046: .It Sy "NAME section without Nm before Nd"
1.106 schwarze 1047: .Pq mdoc
1.155 schwarze 1048: The NAME section does not contain any
1049: .Ic \&Nm
1.168 schwarze 1050: child macro before the first
1051: .Ic \&Nd
1052: macro.
1.155 schwarze 1053: .It Sy "NAME section without description"
1054: .Pq mdoc
1055: The NAME section lacks the mandatory
1056: .Ic \&Nd
1057: child macro.
1058: .It Sy "description not at the end of NAME"
1059: .Pq mdoc
1060: The NAME section does contain an
1.106 schwarze 1061: .Ic \&Nd
1.155 schwarze 1062: child macro, but other content follows it.
1063: .It Sy "bad NAME section content"
1064: .Pq mdoc
1065: The NAME section contains plain text or macros other than
1066: .Ic \&Nm
1.106 schwarze 1067: and
1.155 schwarze 1068: .Ic \&Nd .
1.168 schwarze 1069: .It Sy "missing comma before name"
1070: .Pq mdoc
1071: The NAME section contains an
1072: .Ic \&Nm
1073: macro that is neither the first one nor preceded by a comma.
1.142 schwarze 1074: .It Sy "missing description line, using \(dq\(dq"
1075: .Pq mdoc
1076: The
1077: .Ic \&Nd
1078: macro lacks the required argument.
1079: The title line of the manual will end after the dash.
1.177 schwarze 1080: .It Sy "description line outside NAME section"
1081: .Pq mdoc
1082: An
1083: .Ic \&Nd
1084: macro appears outside the NAME section.
1085: The arguments are printed anyway and the following text is used for
1086: .Xr apropos 1 ,
1087: but none of that behaviour is portable.
1.106 schwarze 1088: .It Sy "sections out of conventional order"
1089: .Pq mdoc
1090: A standard section occurs after another section it usually precedes.
1091: All section titles are used as given,
1092: and the order of sections is not changed.
1093: .It Sy "duplicate section title"
1094: .Pq mdoc
1095: The same standard section title occurs more than once.
1096: .It Sy "unexpected section"
1097: .Pq mdoc
1098: A standard section header occurs in a section of the manual
1099: where it normally isn't useful.
1.211 ! schwarze 1100: .It Sy "cross reference to self"
! 1101: .Pq mdoc
! 1102: An
! 1103: .Ic \&Xr
! 1104: macro refers to a name and section matching the section of the present
! 1105: manual page and a name mentioned in an
! 1106: .Ic \&Nm
! 1107: macro in the NAME or SYNOPSIS section, or in an
! 1108: .Ic \&Fn
! 1109: or
! 1110: .Ic \&Fo
! 1111: macro in the SYNOPSIS.
! 1112: Consider using
! 1113: .Ic \&Nm
! 1114: or
! 1115: .Ic \&Fn
! 1116: instead of
! 1117: .Ic \&Xr .
1.112 schwarze 1118: .It Sy "unusual Xr order"
1119: .Pq mdoc
1120: In the SEE ALSO section, an
1121: .Ic \&Xr
1122: macro with a lower section number follows one with a higher number,
1123: or two
1124: .Ic \&Xr
1.157 schwarze 1125: macros referring to the same section are out of alphabetical order.
1.112 schwarze 1126: .It Sy "unusual Xr punctuation"
1127: .Pq mdoc
1128: In the SEE ALSO section, punctuation between two
1129: .Ic \&Xr
1130: macros differs from a single comma, or there is trailing punctuation
1131: after the last
1132: .Ic \&Xr
1133: macro.
1.111 schwarze 1134: .It Sy "AUTHORS section without An macro"
1135: .Pq mdoc
1136: An AUTHORS sections contains no
1137: .Ic \&An
1138: macros, or only empty ones.
1139: Probably, there are author names lacking markup.
1.106 schwarze 1140: .El
1141: .Ss "Warnings related to macros and nesting"
1142: .Bl -ohang
1143: .It Sy "obsolete macro"
1144: .Pq mdoc
1145: See the
1146: .Xr mdoc 7
1147: manual for replacements.
1.126 schwarze 1148: .It Sy "macro neither callable nor escaped"
1149: .Pq mdoc
1150: The name of a macro that is not callable appears on a macro line.
1151: It is printed verbatim.
1.152 schwarze 1152: If the intention is to call it, move it to its own input line;
1.126 schwarze 1153: otherwise, escape it by prepending
1154: .Sq \e& .
1.106 schwarze 1155: .It Sy "skipping paragraph macro"
1156: In
1157: .Xr mdoc 7
1158: documents, this happens
1159: .Bl -dash -compact
1160: .It
1161: at the beginning and end of sections and subsections
1162: .It
1163: right before non-compact lists and displays
1164: .It
1165: at the end of items in non-column, non-compact lists
1166: .It
1167: and for multiple consecutive paragraph macros.
1168: .El
1169: In
1170: .Xr man 7
1171: documents, it happens
1172: .Bl -dash -compact
1173: .It
1174: for empty
1175: .Ic \&P ,
1176: .Ic \&PP ,
1177: and
1178: .Ic \&LP
1179: macros
1180: .It
1181: for
1182: .Ic \&IP
1183: macros having neither head nor body arguments
1184: .It
1185: for
1186: .Ic \&br
1187: or
1188: .Ic \&sp
1189: right after
1190: .Ic \&SH
1191: or
1192: .Ic \&SS
1193: .El
1194: .It Sy "moving paragraph macro out of list"
1195: .Pq mdoc
1196: A list item in a
1197: .Ic \&Bl
1198: list contains a trailing paragraph macro.
1199: The paragraph macro is moved after the end of the list.
1200: .It Sy "skipping no-space macro"
1201: .Pq mdoc
1202: An input line begins with an
1203: .Ic \&Ns
1.208 schwarze 1204: macro, or the next argument after an
1205: .Ic \&Ns
1206: macro is an isolated closing delimiter.
1.106 schwarze 1207: The macro is ignored.
1208: .It Sy "blocks badly nested"
1209: .Pq mdoc
1210: If two blocks intersect, one should completely contain the other.
1211: Otherwise, rendered output is likely to look strange in any output
1212: format, and rendering in SGML-based output formats is likely to be
1213: outright wrong because such languages do not support badly nested
1214: blocks at all.
1215: Typical examples of badly nested blocks are
1216: .Qq Ic \&Ao \&Bo \&Ac \&Bc
1217: and
1218: .Qq Ic \&Ao \&Bq \&Ac .
1219: In these examples,
1220: .Ic \&Ac
1221: breaks
1222: .Ic \&Bo
1223: and
1224: .Ic \&Bq ,
1225: respectively.
1226: .It Sy "nested displays are not portable"
1227: .Pq mdoc
1228: A
1229: .Ic \&Bd ,
1230: .Ic \&D1 ,
1231: or
1232: .Ic \&Dl
1233: display occurs nested inside another
1234: .Ic \&Bd
1235: display.
1236: This works with
1237: .Nm ,
1238: but fails with most other implementations.
1239: .It Sy "moving content out of list"
1240: .Pq mdoc
1241: A
1242: .Ic \&Bl
1243: list block contains text or macros before the first
1244: .Ic \&It
1245: macro.
1246: The offending children are moved before the beginning of the list.
1.209 schwarze 1247: .It Sy "first macro on line"
1248: Inside a
1249: .Ic \&Bl Fl column
1250: list, a
1251: .Ic \&Ta
1252: macro occurs as the first macro on a line, which is not portable.
1.106 schwarze 1253: .It Sy "fill mode already enabled, skipping"
1254: .Pq man
1255: A
1256: .Ic \&fi
1257: request occurs even though the document is still in fill mode,
1258: or already switched back to fill mode.
1259: It has no effect.
1260: .It Sy "fill mode already disabled, skipping"
1261: .Pq man
1262: An
1263: .Ic \&nf
1264: request occurs even though the document already switched to no-fill mode
1265: and did not switch back to fill mode yet.
1266: It has no effect.
1267: .It Sy "line scope broken"
1268: .Pq man
1269: While parsing the next-line scope of the previous macro,
1270: another macro is found that prematurely terminates the previous one.
1271: The previous, interrupted macro is deleted from the parse tree.
1272: .El
1273: .Ss "Warnings related to missing arguments"
1274: .Bl -ohang
1275: .It Sy "skipping empty request"
1.118 schwarze 1276: .Pq roff , eqn
1277: The macro name is missing from a macro definition request,
1278: or an
1279: .Xr eqn 7
1280: control statement or operation keyword lacks its required argument.
1.106 schwarze 1281: .It Sy "conditional request controls empty scope"
1282: .Pq roff
1283: A conditional request is only useful if any of the following
1284: follows it on the same logical input line:
1285: .Bl -dash -compact
1286: .It
1287: The
1288: .Sq \e{
1289: keyword to open a multi-line scope.
1290: .It
1291: A request or macro or some text, resulting in a single-line scope.
1292: .It
1293: The immediate end of the logical line without any intervening whitespace,
1294: resulting in next-line scope.
1295: .El
1296: Here, a conditional request is followed by trailing whitespace only,
1297: and there is no other content on its logical input line.
1298: Note that it doesn't matter whether the logical input line is split
1299: across multiple physical input lines using
1300: .Sq \e
1301: line continuation characters.
1302: This is one of the rare cases
1303: where trailing whitespace is syntactically significant.
1304: The conditional request controls a scope containing whitespace only,
1305: so it is unlikely to have a significant effect,
1306: except that it may control a following
1307: .Ic \&el
1308: clause.
1309: .It Sy "skipping empty macro"
1310: .Pq mdoc
1.147 schwarze 1311: The indicated macro has no arguments and hence no effect.
1312: .It Sy "empty block"
1313: .Pq mdoc , man
1314: A
1315: .Ic \&Bd ,
1316: .Ic \&Bk ,
1317: .Ic \&Bl ,
1318: .Ic \&D1 ,
1319: .Ic \&Dl ,
1.206 schwarze 1320: .Ic \&MT ,
1.147 schwarze 1321: .Ic \&RS ,
1322: or
1323: .Ic \&UR
1324: block contains nothing in its body and will produce no output.
1.106 schwarze 1325: .It Sy "empty argument, using 0n"
1326: .Pq mdoc
1327: The required width is missing after
1328: .Ic \&Bd
1329: or
1330: .Ic \&Bl
1331: .Fl offset
1332: or
1.186 schwarze 1333: .Fl width .
1.106 schwarze 1334: .It Sy "missing display type, using -ragged"
1335: .Pq mdoc
1336: The
1337: .Ic \&Bd
1338: macro is invoked without the required display type.
1339: .It Sy "list type is not the first argument"
1340: .Pq mdoc
1341: In a
1342: .Ic \&Bl
1343: macro, at least one other argument precedes the type argument.
1344: The
1345: .Nm
1346: utility copes with any argument order, but some other
1347: .Xr mdoc 7
1348: implementations do not.
1349: .It Sy "missing -width in -tag list, using 8n"
1350: .Pq mdoc
1351: Every
1352: .Ic \&Bl
1353: macro having the
1354: .Fl tag
1355: argument requires
1356: .Fl width ,
1357: too.
1358: .It Sy "missing utility name, using \(dq\(dq"
1359: .Pq mdoc
1360: The
1361: .Ic \&Ex Fl std
1362: macro is called without an argument before
1363: .Ic \&Nm
1364: has first been called with an argument.
1.146 schwarze 1365: .It Sy "missing function name, using \(dq\(dq"
1366: .Pq mdoc
1367: The
1368: .Ic \&Fo
1369: macro is called without an argument.
1370: No function name is printed.
1.106 schwarze 1371: .It Sy "empty head in list item"
1372: .Pq mdoc
1373: In a
1374: .Ic \&Bl
1375: .Fl diag ,
1376: .Fl hang ,
1377: .Fl inset ,
1378: .Fl ohang ,
1379: or
1380: .Fl tag
1381: list, an
1382: .Ic \&It
1383: macro lacks the required argument.
1384: The item head is left empty.
1385: .It Sy "empty list item"
1386: .Pq mdoc
1387: In a
1388: .Ic \&Bl
1389: .Fl bullet ,
1390: .Fl dash ,
1391: .Fl enum ,
1392: or
1393: .Fl hyphen
1394: list, an
1395: .Ic \&It
1396: block is empty.
1397: An empty list item is shown.
1.209 schwarze 1398: .It Sy "missing argument, using next line"
1399: .Pq mdoc
1400: An
1401: .Ic \&It
1402: macro in a
1403: .Ic \&Bd Fl column
1404: list has no arguments.
1405: While
1406: .Nm
1407: uses the text or macros of the following line, if any, for the cell,
1408: other formatters may misformat the list.
1.152 schwarze 1409: .It Sy "missing font type, using \efR"
1.106 schwarze 1410: .Pq mdoc
1411: A
1412: .Ic \&Bf
1413: macro has no argument.
1.152 schwarze 1414: It switches to the default font.
1415: .It Sy "unknown font type, using \efR"
1.106 schwarze 1416: .Pq mdoc
1417: The
1418: .Ic \&Bf
1419: argument is invalid.
1.152 schwarze 1420: The default font is used instead.
1.127 schwarze 1421: .It Sy "nothing follows prefix"
1422: .Pq mdoc
1423: A
1424: .Ic \&Pf
1425: macro has no argument, or only one argument and no macro follows
1426: on the same input line.
1427: This defeats its purpose; in particular, spacing is not suppressed
1428: before the text or macros following on the next input line.
1.143 schwarze 1429: .It Sy "empty reference block"
1430: .Pq mdoc
1431: An
1432: .Ic \&Rs
1433: macro is immediately followed by an
1434: .Ic \&Re
1435: macro on the next input line.
1436: Such an empty block does not produce any output.
1.165 schwarze 1437: .It Sy "missing section argument"
1438: .Pq mdoc
1439: An
1440: .Ic \&Xr
1441: macro lacks its second, section number argument.
1442: The first argument, i.e. the name, is printed, but without subsequent
1.166 schwarze 1443: parentheses.
1.106 schwarze 1444: .It Sy "missing -std argument, adding it"
1445: .Pq mdoc
1446: An
1447: .Ic \&Ex
1448: or
1449: .Ic \&Rv
1450: macro lacks the required
1451: .Fl std
1452: argument.
1453: The
1454: .Nm
1455: utility assumes
1456: .Fl std
1457: even when it is not specified, but other implementations may not.
1.150 schwarze 1458: .It Sy "missing option string, using \(dq\(dq"
1459: .Pq man
1460: The
1461: .Ic \&OP
1462: macro is invoked without any argument.
1463: An empty pair of square brackets is shown.
1464: .It Sy "missing resource identifier, using \(dq\(dq"
1465: .Pq man
1466: The
1.206 schwarze 1467: .Ic \&MT
1468: or
1.150 schwarze 1469: .Ic \&UR
1470: macro is invoked without any argument.
1471: An empty pair of angle brackets is shown.
1.118 schwarze 1472: .It Sy "missing eqn box, using \(dq\(dq"
1473: .Pq eqn
1474: A diacritic mark or a binary operator is found,
1475: but there is nothing to the left of it.
1476: An empty box is inserted.
1.106 schwarze 1477: .El
1478: .Ss "Warnings related to bad macro arguments"
1479: .Bl -ohang
1480: .It Sy "unterminated quoted argument"
1481: .Pq roff
1482: Macro arguments can be enclosed in double quote characters
1483: such that space characters and macro names contained in the quoted
1484: argument need not be escaped.
1485: The closing quote of the last argument of a macro can be omitted.
1486: However, omitting it is not recommended because it makes the code
1487: harder to read.
1488: .It Sy "duplicate argument"
1489: .Pq mdoc
1490: A
1491: .Ic \&Bd
1492: or
1493: .Ic \&Bl
1494: macro has more than one
1495: .Fl compact ,
1496: more than one
1497: .Fl offset ,
1498: or more than one
1499: .Fl width
1500: argument.
1501: All but the last instances of these arguments are ignored.
1502: .It Sy "skipping duplicate argument"
1503: .Pq mdoc
1504: An
1505: .Ic \&An
1506: macro has more than one
1507: .Fl split
1508: or
1509: .Fl nosplit
1510: argument.
1511: All but the first of these arguments are ignored.
1512: .It Sy "skipping duplicate display type"
1513: .Pq mdoc
1514: A
1515: .Ic \&Bd
1516: macro has more than one type argument; the first one is used.
1517: .It Sy "skipping duplicate list type"
1518: .Pq mdoc
1519: A
1520: .Ic \&Bl
1521: macro has more than one type argument; the first one is used.
1522: .It Sy "skipping -width argument"
1523: .Pq mdoc
1524: A
1525: .Ic \&Bl
1526: .Fl column ,
1527: .Fl diag ,
1528: .Fl ohang ,
1529: .Fl inset ,
1530: or
1531: .Fl item
1532: list has a
1533: .Fl width
1534: argument.
1535: That has no effect.
1.151 schwarze 1536: .It Sy "wrong number of cells"
1537: In a line of a
1538: .Ic \&Bl Fl column
1539: list, the number of tabs or
1540: .Ic \&Ta
1541: macros is less than the number expected from the list header line
1542: or exceeds the expected number by more than one.
1543: Missing cells remain empty, and all cells exceeding the number of
1544: columns are joined into one single cell.
1.106 schwarze 1545: .It Sy "unknown AT&T UNIX version"
1546: .Pq mdoc
1547: An
1548: .Ic \&At
1549: macro has an invalid argument.
1550: It is used verbatim, with
1551: .Qq "AT&T UNIX "
1552: prefixed to it.
1.113 schwarze 1553: .It Sy "comma in function argument"
1554: .Pq mdoc
1555: An argument of an
1556: .Ic \&Fa
1557: or
1558: .Ic \&Fn
1559: macro contains a comma; it should probably be split into two arguments.
1.117 schwarze 1560: .It Sy "parenthesis in function name"
1561: .Pq mdoc
1562: The first argument of an
1563: .Ic \&Fc
1564: or
1565: .Ic \&Fn
1566: macro contains an opening or closing parenthesis; that's probably wrong,
1567: parentheses are added automatically.
1.196 schwarze 1568: .It Sy "unknown library name"
1569: .Pq mdoc, not on Ox
1570: An
1571: .Ic \&Lb
1572: macro has an unknown name argument and will be rendered as
1573: .Qq library Dq Ar name .
1.106 schwarze 1574: .It Sy "invalid content in Rs block"
1575: .Pq mdoc
1576: An
1577: .Ic \&Rs
1578: block contains plain text or non-% macros.
1579: The bogus content is left in the syntax tree.
1580: Formatting may be poor.
1581: .It Sy "invalid Boolean argument"
1582: .Pq mdoc
1583: An
1584: .Ic \&Sm
1585: macro has an argument other than
1586: .Cm on
1587: or
1588: .Cm off .
1589: The invalid argument is moved out of the macro, which leaves the macro
1590: empty, causing it to toggle the spacing mode.
1591: .It Sy "unknown font, skipping request"
1.115 schwarze 1592: .Pq man , tbl
1.106 schwarze 1593: A
1594: .Xr roff 7
1595: .Ic \&ft
1.115 schwarze 1596: request or a
1597: .Xr tbl 7
1598: .Ic \&f
1599: layout modifier has an unknown
1600: .Ar font
1601: argument.
1.151 schwarze 1602: .It Sy "odd number of characters in request"
1603: .Pq roff
1604: A
1605: .Ic \&tr
1606: request contains an odd number of characters.
1607: The last character is mapped to the blank character.
1.106 schwarze 1608: .El
1609: .Ss "Warnings related to plain text"
1610: .Bl -ohang
1611: .It Sy "blank line in fill mode, using .sp"
1612: .Pq mdoc
1613: The meaning of blank input lines is only well-defined in non-fill mode:
1614: In fill mode, line breaks of text input lines are not supposed to be
1615: significant.
1616: However, for compatibility with groff, blank lines in fill mode
1617: are replaced with
1618: .Ic \&sp
1619: requests.
1620: .It Sy "tab in filled text"
1621: .Pq mdoc , man
1622: The meaning of tab characters is only well-defined in non-fill mode:
1623: In fill mode, whitespace is not supposed to be significant
1624: on text input lines.
1625: As an implementation dependent choice, tab characters on text lines
1626: are passed through to the formatters in any case.
1627: Given that the text before the tab character will be filled,
1628: it is hard to predict which tab stop position the tab will advance to.
1629: .It Sy "whitespace at end of input line"
1630: .Pq mdoc , man , roff
1631: Whitespace at the end of input lines is almost never semantically
1632: significant \(em but in the odd case where it might be, it is
1633: extremely confusing when reviewing and maintaining documents.
1.172 schwarze 1634: .It Sy "new sentence, new line"
1635: .Pq mdoc
1636: A new sentence starts in the middle of a text line.
1637: Start it on a new input line to help formatters produce correct spacing.
1.106 schwarze 1638: .It Sy "bad comment style"
1639: .Pq roff
1640: Comment lines start with a dot, a backslash, and a double-quote character.
1641: The
1642: .Nm
1643: utility treats the line as a comment line even without the backslash,
1644: but leaving out the backslash might not be portable.
1645: .It Sy "invalid escape sequence"
1646: .Pq roff
1647: An escape sequence has an invalid opening argument delimiter, lacks the
1648: closing argument delimiter, or the argument has too few characters.
1649: If the argument is incomplete,
1650: .Ic \e*
1651: and
1652: .Ic \en
1653: expand to an empty string,
1654: .Ic \eB
1655: to the digit
1656: .Sq 0 ,
1657: and
1658: .Ic \ew
1659: to the length of the incomplete argument.
1660: All other invalid escape sequences are ignored.
1661: .It Sy "undefined string, using \(dq\(dq"
1662: .Pq roff
1663: If a string is used without being defined before,
1664: its value is implicitly set to the empty string.
1665: However, defining strings explicitly before use
1666: keeps the code more readable.
1667: .El
1.138 schwarze 1668: .Ss "Warnings related to tables"
1669: .Bl -ohang
1670: .It Sy "tbl line starts with span"
1671: .Pq tbl
1672: The first cell in a table layout line is a horizontal span
1673: .Pq Sq Cm s .
1674: Data provided for this cell is ignored, and nothing is printed in the cell.
1675: .It Sy "tbl column starts with span"
1676: .Pq tbl
1677: The first line of a table layout specification
1678: requests a vertical span
1679: .Pq Sq Cm ^ .
1680: Data provided for this cell is ignored, and nothing is printed in the cell.
1681: .It Sy "skipping vertical bar in tbl layout"
1682: .Pq tbl
1683: A table layout specification contains more than two consecutive vertical bars.
1684: A double bar is printed, all additional bars are discarded.
1.106 schwarze 1685: .El
1686: .Ss "Errors related to tables"
1.136 schwarze 1687: .Bl -ohang
1688: .It Sy "non-alphabetic character in tbl options"
1689: .Pq tbl
1690: The table options line contains a character other than a letter,
1691: blank, or comma where the beginning of an option name is expected.
1692: The character is ignored.
1693: .It Sy "skipping unknown tbl option"
1694: .Pq tbl
1695: The table options line contains a string of letters that does not
1696: match any known option name.
1697: The word is ignored.
1698: .It Sy "missing tbl option argument"
1699: .Pq tbl
1700: A table option that requires an argument is not followed by an
1701: opening parenthesis, or the opening parenthesis is immediately
1702: followed by a closing parenthesis.
1703: The option is ignored.
1704: .It Sy "wrong tbl option argument size"
1705: .Pq tbl
1706: A table option argument contains an invalid number of characters.
1707: Both the option and the argument are ignored.
1.138 schwarze 1708: .It Sy "empty tbl layout"
1709: .Pq tbl
1710: A table layout specification is completely empty,
1711: specifying zero lines and zero columns.
1712: As a fallback, a single left-justified column is used.
1713: .It Sy "invalid character in tbl layout"
1714: .Pq tbl
1715: A table layout specification contains a character that can neither
1716: be interpreted as a layout key character nor as a layout modifier,
1717: or a modifier precedes the first key.
1718: The invalid character is discarded.
1719: .It Sy "unmatched parenthesis in tbl layout"
1720: .Pq tbl
1721: A table layout specification contains an opening parenthesis,
1722: but no matching closing parenthesis.
1723: The rest of the input line, starting from the parenthesis, has no effect.
1.139 schwarze 1724: .It Sy "tbl without any data cells"
1725: .Pq tbl
1726: A table does not contain any data cells.
1727: It will probably produce no output.
1728: .It Sy "ignoring data in spanned tbl cell"
1729: .Pq tbl
1730: A table cell is marked as a horizontal span
1731: .Pq Sq Cm s
1732: or vertical span
1733: .Pq Sq Cm ^
1734: in the table layout, but it contains data.
1735: The data is ignored.
1736: .It Sy "ignoring extra tbl data cells"
1737: .Pq tbl
1738: A data line contains more cells than the corresponding layout line.
1739: The data in the extra cells is ignored.
1740: .It Sy "data block open at end of tbl"
1741: .Pq tbl
1742: A data block is opened with
1743: .Cm T{ ,
1744: but never closed with a matching
1745: .Cm T} .
1746: The remaining data lines of the table are all put into one cell,
1747: and any remaining cells stay empty.
1.106 schwarze 1748: .El
1749: .Ss "Errors related to roff, mdoc, and man code"
1750: .Bl -ohang
1751: .It Sy "input stack limit exceeded, infinite loop?"
1752: .Pq roff
1753: Explicit recursion limits are implemented for the following features,
1754: in order to prevent infinite loops:
1755: .Bl -dash -compact
1756: .It
1757: expansion of nested escape sequences
1758: including expansion of strings and number registers,
1759: .It
1760: expansion of nested user-defined macros,
1761: .It
1762: and
1763: .Ic \&so
1764: file inclusion.
1765: .El
1766: When a limit is hit, the output is incorrect, typically losing
1767: some content, but the parser can continue.
1768: .It Sy "skipping bad character"
1769: .Pq mdoc , man , roff
1770: The input file contains a byte that is not a printable
1771: .Xr ascii 7
1772: character.
1773: The message mentions the character number.
1774: The offending byte is replaced with a question mark
1775: .Pq Sq \&? .
1776: Consider editing the input file to replace the byte with an ASCII
1777: transliteration of the intended character.
1778: .It Sy "skipping unknown macro"
1779: .Pq mdoc , man , roff
1780: The first identifier on a request or macro line is neither recognized as a
1781: .Xr roff 7
1782: request, nor as a user-defined macro, nor, respectively, as an
1783: .Xr mdoc 7
1784: or
1785: .Xr man 7
1786: macro.
1787: It may be mistyped or unsupported.
1788: The request or macro is discarded including its arguments.
1.133 schwarze 1789: .It Sy "skipping insecure request"
1790: .Pq roff
1791: An input file attempted to run a shell command
1792: or to read or write an external file.
1793: Such attempts are denied for security reasons.
1.106 schwarze 1794: .It Sy "skipping item outside list"
1.118 schwarze 1795: .Pq mdoc , eqn
1.106 schwarze 1796: An
1797: .Ic \&It
1798: macro occurs outside any
1799: .Ic \&Bl
1.118 schwarze 1800: list, or an
1801: .Xr eqn 7
1802: .Ic above
1803: delimiter occurs outside any pile.
1.106 schwarze 1804: It is discarded including its arguments.
1805: .It Sy "skipping column outside column list"
1806: .Pq mdoc
1807: A
1808: .Ic \&Ta
1809: macro occurs outside any
1810: .Ic \&Bl Fl column
1811: block.
1812: It is discarded including its arguments.
1813: .It Sy "skipping end of block that is not open"
1814: .Pq mdoc , man , eqn , tbl , roff
1815: Various syntax elements can only be used to explicitly close blocks
1816: that have previously been opened.
1817: An
1818: .Xr mdoc 7
1819: block closing macro, a
1820: .Xr man 7
1.206 schwarze 1821: .Ic \&ME , \&RE
1.106 schwarze 1822: or
1823: .Ic \&UE
1.118 schwarze 1824: macro, an
1825: .Xr eqn 7
1826: right delimiter or closing brace, or the end of an equation, table, or
1.106 schwarze 1827: .Xr roff 7
1828: conditional request is encountered but no matching block is open.
1829: The offending request or macro is discarded.
1.135 schwarze 1830: .It Sy "fewer RS blocks open, skipping"
1831: .Pq man
1832: The
1833: .Ic \&RE
1834: macro is invoked with an argument, but less than the specified number of
1835: .Ic \&RS
1836: blocks is open.
1837: The
1838: .Ic \&RE
1839: macro is discarded.
1.106 schwarze 1840: .It Sy "inserting missing end of block"
1841: .Pq mdoc , tbl
1842: Various
1843: .Xr mdoc 7
1844: macros as well as tables require explicit closing by dedicated macros.
1845: A block that doesn't support bad nesting
1846: ends before all of its children are properly closed.
1847: The open child nodes are closed implicitly.
1.152 schwarze 1848: .It Sy "appending missing end of block"
1.106 schwarze 1849: .Pq mdoc , man , eqn , tbl , roff
1850: At the end of the document, an explicit
1851: .Xr mdoc 7
1852: block, a
1853: .Xr man 7
1854: next-line scope or
1.206 schwarze 1855: .Ic \&MT , \&RS
1.106 schwarze 1856: or
1857: .Ic \&UR
1858: block, an equation, table, or
1859: .Xr roff 7
1860: conditional or ignore block is still open.
1861: The open block is closed implicitly.
1862: .It Sy "escaped character not allowed in a name"
1863: .Pq roff
1864: Macro, string and register identifiers consist of printable,
1865: non-whitespace ASCII characters.
1866: Escape sequences and characters and strings expressed in terms of them
1867: cannot form part of a name.
1868: The first argument of an
1869: .Ic \&am ,
1870: .Ic \&as ,
1871: .Ic \&de ,
1872: .Ic \&ds ,
1873: .Ic \&nr ,
1874: or
1875: .Ic \&rr
1876: request, or any argument of an
1877: .Ic \&rm
1878: request, or the name of a request or user defined macro being called,
1879: is terminated by an escape sequence.
1880: In the cases of
1881: .Ic \&as ,
1882: .Ic \&ds ,
1883: and
1884: .Ic \&nr ,
1885: the request has no effect at all.
1886: In the cases of
1887: .Ic \&am ,
1888: .Ic \&de ,
1889: .Ic \&rr ,
1890: and
1891: .Ic \&rm ,
1892: what was parsed up to this point is used as the arguments to the request,
1893: and the rest of the input line is discarded including the escape sequence.
1894: When parsing for a request or a user-defined macro name to be called,
1895: only the escape sequence is discarded.
1896: The characters preceding it are used as the request or macro name,
1897: the characters following it are used as the arguments to the request or macro.
1.124 schwarze 1898: .It Sy "NOT IMPLEMENTED: Bd -file"
1899: .Pq mdoc
1900: For security reasons, the
1901: .Ic \&Bd
1902: macro does not support the
1903: .Fl file
1904: argument.
1905: By requesting the inclusion of a sensitive file, a malicious document
1906: might otherwise trick a privileged user into inadvertently displaying
1907: the file on the screen, revealing the file content to bystanders.
1908: The argument is ignored including the file name following it.
1.163 schwarze 1909: .It Sy "skipping display without arguments"
1910: .Pq mdoc
1911: A
1912: .Ic \&Bd
1913: block macro does not have any arguments.
1914: The block is discarded, and the block content is displayed in
1915: whatever mode was active before the block.
1.106 schwarze 1916: .It Sy "missing list type, using -item"
1917: .Pq mdoc
1918: A
1919: .Ic \&Bl
1920: macro fails to specify the list type.
1.194 schwarze 1921: .It Sy "argument is not numeric, using 1"
1922: .Pq roff
1923: The argument of a
1924: .Ic \&ce
1925: request is not a number.
1.106 schwarze 1926: .It Sy "missing manual name, using \(dq\(dq"
1927: .Pq mdoc
1928: The first call to
1.168 schwarze 1929: .Ic \&Nm ,
1930: or any call in the NAME section, lacks the required argument.
1.106 schwarze 1931: .It Sy "uname(3) system call failed, using UNKNOWN"
1932: .Pq mdoc
1933: The
1934: .Ic \&Os
1935: macro is called without arguments, and the
1936: .Xr uname 3
1937: system call failed.
1938: As a workaround,
1939: .Nm
1940: can be compiled with
1941: .Sm off
1942: .Fl D Cm OSNAME=\(dq\e\(dq Ar string Cm \e\(dq\(dq .
1943: .Sm on
1944: .It Sy "unknown standard specifier"
1945: .Pq mdoc
1946: An
1947: .Ic \&St
1948: macro has an unknown argument and is discarded.
1949: .It Sy "skipping request without numeric argument"
1.118 schwarze 1950: .Pq roff , eqn
1.106 schwarze 1951: An
1952: .Ic \&it
1.118 schwarze 1953: request or an
1954: .Xr eqn 7
1955: .Ic \&size
1956: or
1957: .Ic \&gsize
1958: statement has a non-numeric or negative argument or no argument at all.
1959: The invalid request or statement is ignored.
1.132 schwarze 1960: .It Sy "NOT IMPLEMENTED: .so with absolute path or \(dq..\(dq"
1961: .Pq roff
1962: For security reasons,
1963: .Nm
1964: allows
1965: .Ic \&so
1966: file inclusion requests only with relative paths
1967: and only without ascending to any parent directory.
1968: By requesting the inclusion of a sensitive file, a malicious document
1969: might otherwise trick a privileged user into inadvertently displaying
1970: the file on the screen, revealing the file content to bystanders.
1971: .Nm
1972: only shows the path as it appears behind
1973: .Ic \&so .
1974: .It Sy ".so request failed"
1975: .Pq roff
1976: Servicing a
1977: .Ic \&so
1978: request requires reading an external file, but the file could not be
1979: opened.
1980: .Nm
1981: only shows the path as it appears behind
1982: .Ic \&so .
1.106 schwarze 1983: .It Sy "skipping all arguments"
1984: .Pq mdoc , man , eqn , roff
1985: An
1986: .Xr mdoc 7
1987: .Ic \&Bt ,
1988: .Ic \&Ed ,
1989: .Ic \&Ef ,
1990: .Ic \&Ek ,
1991: .Ic \&El ,
1.144 schwarze 1992: .Ic \&Lp ,
1993: .Ic \&Pp ,
1.106 schwarze 1994: .Ic \&Re ,
1.143 schwarze 1995: .Ic \&Rs ,
1.106 schwarze 1996: or
1997: .Ic \&Ud
1998: macro, an
1999: .Ic \&It
2000: macro in a list that don't support item heads, a
2001: .Xr man 7
2002: .Ic \&LP ,
2003: .Ic \&P ,
2004: or
2005: .Ic \&PP
2006: macro, an
2007: .Xr eqn 7
1.120 schwarze 2008: .Ic \&EQ
2009: or
1.106 schwarze 2010: .Ic \&EN
2011: macro, or a
2012: .Xr roff 7
1.148 schwarze 2013: .Ic \&br ,
2014: .Ic \&fi ,
2015: or
2016: .Ic \&nf
1.144 schwarze 2017: request or
1.106 schwarze 2018: .Sq \&..
2019: block closing request is invoked with at least one argument.
2020: All arguments are ignored.
2021: .It Sy "skipping excess arguments"
1.135 schwarze 2022: .Pq mdoc , man , roff
1.150 schwarze 2023: A macro or request is invoked with too many arguments:
2024: .Bl -dash -offset 2n -width 2n -compact
2025: .It
2026: .Ic \&Fo ,
1.206 schwarze 2027: .Ic \&MT ,
1.150 schwarze 2028: .Ic \&PD ,
2029: .Ic \&RS ,
2030: .Ic \&UR ,
2031: .Ic \&ft ,
2032: or
2033: .Ic \&sp
2034: with more than one argument
2035: .It
1.144 schwarze 2036: .Ic \&An
1.150 schwarze 2037: with another argument after
1.144 schwarze 2038: .Fl split
2039: or
1.150 schwarze 2040: .Fl nosplit
2041: .It
2042: .Ic \&RE
2043: with more than one argument or with a non-integer argument
2044: .It
2045: .Ic \&OP
2046: or a request of the
2047: .Ic \&de
2048: family with more than two arguments
1.154 schwarze 2049: .It
2050: .Ic \&Dt
2051: with more than three arguments
1.150 schwarze 2052: .It
2053: .Ic \&TH
2054: with more than five arguments
2055: .It
1.145 schwarze 2056: .Ic \&Bd ,
2057: .Ic \&Bk ,
2058: or
2059: .Ic \&Bl
1.150 schwarze 2060: with invalid arguments
2061: .El
1.106 schwarze 2062: The excess arguments are ignored.
1.133 schwarze 2063: .El
2064: .Ss Unsupported features
2065: .Bl -ohang
2066: .It Sy "input too large"
2067: .Pq mdoc , man
2068: Currently,
2069: .Nm
2070: cannot handle input files larger than its arbitrary size limit
2071: of 2^31 bytes (2 Gigabytes).
2072: Since useful manuals are always small, this is not a problem in practice.
2073: Parsing is aborted as soon as the condition is detected.
1.136 schwarze 2074: .It Sy "unsupported control character"
2075: .Pq roff
2076: An ASCII control character supported by other
2077: .Xr roff 7
2078: implementations but not by
2079: .Nm
2080: was found in an input file.
2081: It is replaced by a question mark.
1.133 schwarze 2082: .It Sy "unsupported roff request"
2083: .Pq roff
2084: An input file contains a
2085: .Xr roff 7
2086: request supported by GNU troff or Heirloom troff but not by
2087: .Nm ,
2088: and it is likely that this will cause information loss
2089: or considerable misformatting.
1.139 schwarze 2090: .It Sy "eqn delim option in tbl"
2091: .Pq eqn , tbl
2092: The options line of a table defines equation delimiters.
2093: Any equation source code contained in the table will be printed unformatted.
2094: .It Sy "unsupported table layout modifier"
1.138 schwarze 2095: .Pq tbl
2096: A table layout specification contains an
2097: .Sq Cm m
2098: modifier.
2099: The modifier is discarded.
1.133 schwarze 2100: .It Sy "ignoring macro in table"
1.139 schwarze 2101: .Pq tbl , mdoc , man
2102: A table contains an invocation of an
2103: .Xr mdoc 7
2104: or
2105: .Xr man 7
2106: macro or of an undefined macro.
2107: The macro is ignored, and its arguments are handled
2108: as if they were a text line.
1.106 schwarze 2109: .El
1.1 kristaps 2110: .Sh SEE ALSO
1.141 schwarze 2111: .Xr apropos 1 ,
2112: .Xr man 1 ,
1.85 kristaps 2113: .Xr eqn 7 ,
1.57 kristaps 2114: .Xr man 7 ,
1.13 kristaps 2115: .Xr mandoc_char 7 ,
1.84 kristaps 2116: .Xr mdoc 7 ,
2117: .Xr roff 7 ,
2118: .Xr tbl 7
1.173 schwarze 2119: .Sh HISTORY
2120: The
2121: .Nm
2122: utility first appeared in
2123: .Ox 4.8 .
2124: The option
2125: .Fl I
2126: appeared in
2127: .Ox 5.2 ,
2128: and
2129: .Fl aCcfhKklMSsw
2130: in
2131: .Ox 5.7 .
1.1 kristaps 2132: .Sh AUTHORS
1.156 schwarze 2133: .An -nosplit
1.1 kristaps 2134: The
2135: .Nm
1.26 kristaps 2136: utility was written by
1.141 schwarze 2137: .An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq Mt kristaps@bsd.lv
2138: and is maintained by
2139: .An Ingo Schwarze Aq Mt schwarze@openbsd.org .
CVSweb