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Diff for /mandoc/mandoc_char.7 between version 1.21 and 1.49

version 1.21, 2009/09/23 09:06:44 version 1.49, 2011/08/30 13:14:01
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 .\"     $Id$  .\"     $Id$
 .\"  .\"
 .\" Copyright (c) 2009 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@kth.se>  .\" Copyright (c) 2009 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv>
 .\"  .\"
 .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any  .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above  .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
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 .\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN  .\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
 .\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF  .\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
 .\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.  .\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 .\"  .\"
 .Dd $Mdocdate$  .Dd $Mdocdate$
 .Dt MANDOC_CHAR 7  .Dt MANDOC_CHAR 7
 .Os  .Os
 .\" SECTION  
 .Sh NAME  .Sh NAME
 .Nm mandoc_char  .Nm mandoc_char
 .Nd mandoc special characters  .Nd mandoc special characters
 .\" SECTION  
 .Sh DESCRIPTION  .Sh DESCRIPTION
 This documents the special characters and predefined strings accepted by  This page documents the special characters and predefined strings accepted by
 .Xr mandoc 1  .Xr mandoc 1
 to format  to format
 .Xr mdoc 7  .Xr mdoc 7
 and  and
 .Xr man 7  .Xr man 7
 documents.  Specific output devices of  documents.
 .Xr mandoc 1 ,  
 dictated by the  
 .Fl T Ns Ar output  
 argument, will properly render these sequences.  
 .\" PARAGRAPH  
 .Pp  .Pp
 Both  Both
 .Xr mdoc 7  .Xr mdoc 7
 and  and
 .Xr man 7  .Xr man 7
 encode special characters with  encode special characters with
 .Sq \eX  .Sq \eX
 .Pq for a one-character escape ,  .Pq for a one-character escape ,
 .Sq \e(XX  .Sq \e(XX
Line 56  and
Line 49  and
 .Sq \eX  .Sq \eX
 as  as
 .Sq \e[X] .  .Sq \e[X] .
 Predefined strings are functionally similar to special characters, using  Predefined strings are functionally similar to special characters, using
 .Sq \e*X  .Sq \e*X
 .Pq for a one-character escape ,  .Pq for a one-character escape ,
 .Sq \e*(XX  .Sq \e*(XX
Line 72  and
Line 65  and
 .Sq \e*X  .Sq \e*X
 as  as
 .Sq \e*[X] .  .Sq \e*[X] .
 .\" SECTION  .Pp
 .Sh Special Characters  Note that each output mode will have a different rendering of the
   characters.
   It's guaranteed that each input symbol will correspond to a
   (more or less) meaningful output rendering, regardless the mode.
   .Sh SPECIAL CHARACTERS
 These are the preferred input symbols for producing special characters.  These are the preferred input symbols for producing special characters.
 .\" PARAGRAPH  
 .Pp  .Pp
 Typographic:  Spacing:
 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact  .Bl -column "Input" "Description" -offset indent -compact
 .It \e~  .It Em Input Ta Em Description
 .Pq non-breaking space  .It \e~      Ta non-breaking, non-collapsing space
 .It \e  .It \e       Ta breaking, non-collapsing n-width space
 .Pq space  .It \e^      Ta zero-width space
 .It \e^  .It \e%      Ta zero-width space
 .Pq zero-width space  .It \e&      Ta zero-width space
 .It \e%  .It \e|      Ta zero-width space
 .Pq zero-width space  .It \e0      Ta breaking, non-collapsing digit-width space
 .It \e&  .It \ec      Ta removes any trailing space (if applicable)
 .Pq zero-width space  
 .It \e|  
 .Pq zero-width space  
 .It \e0  
 .Pq white-space  
 .El  .El
 .\" PARAGRAPH  
 .Pp  .Pp
 Grammatic:  Lines:
 .Bl -offset indent -column 10n 10n 10n  .Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact
 .It \e(em      Ta \(em     Ta em-dash  .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 .It \e(en      Ta \(en     Ta en-dash  .It \e(ba    Ta \(ba        Ta bar
 .It \e(hy      Ta \(hy     Ta hyphen  .It \e(br    Ta \(br        Ta box rule
 .It \e\e       Ta \\       Ta back-slash  .It \e(ul    Ta \(ul        Ta underscore
 .It \\e        Ta \e       Ta back-slash  .It \e(rl    Ta \(rl        Ta overline
 .It \e'        Ta \'       Ta apostrophe  .It \e(bb    Ta \(bb        Ta broken bar
 .It \e`        Ta \`       Ta back-tick  .It \e(sl    Ta \(sl        Ta forward slash
 .It \e.        Ta \.       Ta period  .It \e(rs    Ta \(rs        Ta backward slash
 .It \e(r!      Ta \(r!     Ta upside-down exclamation  
 .It \e(r?      Ta \(r?     Ta upside-down question  
 .El  .El
 .\" PARAGRAPH  
 .Pp  .Pp
   Text markers:
   .Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact
   .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
   .It \e(ci    Ta \(ci        Ta circle
   .It \e(bu    Ta \(bu        Ta bullet
   .It \e(dd    Ta \(dd        Ta double dagger
   .It \e(dg    Ta \(dg        Ta dagger
   .It \e(lz    Ta \(lz        Ta lozenge
   .It \e(sq    Ta \(sq        Ta white square
   .It \e(ps    Ta \(ps        Ta paragraph
   .It \e(sc    Ta \(sc        Ta section
   .It \e(lh    Ta \(lh        Ta left hand
   .It \e(rh    Ta \(rh        Ta right hand
   .It \e(at    Ta \(at        Ta at
   .It \e(sh    Ta \(sh        Ta hash (pound)
   .It \e(CR    Ta \(CR        Ta carriage return
   .It \e(OK    Ta \(OK        Ta check mark
   .El
   .Pp
   Legal symbols:
   .Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact
   .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
   .It \e(co    Ta \(co        Ta copyright
   .It \e(rg    Ta \(rg        Ta registered
   .It \e(tm    Ta \(tm        Ta trademarked
   .El
   .Pp
   Punctuation:
   .Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact
   .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
   .It \e(em    Ta \(em        Ta em-dash
   .It \e(en    Ta \(en        Ta en-dash
   .It \e(hy    Ta \(hy        Ta hyphen
   .It \ee      Ta \e          Ta back-slash
   .It \e.      Ta \.          Ta period
   .It \e(r!    Ta \(r!        Ta upside-down exclamation
   .It \e(r?    Ta \(r?        Ta upside-down question
   .El
   .Pp
 Quotes:  Quotes:
 .Bl -offset indent -column 10n 10n 10n  .Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact
 .It \e(Bq      Ta \(Bq     Ta right low double-quote  .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 .It \e(bq      Ta \(bq     Ta right low single-quote  .It \e(Bq    Ta \(Bq        Ta right low double-quote
 .It \e(lq      Ta \(lq     Ta left double-quote  .It \e(bq    Ta \(bq        Ta right low single-quote
 .It \e(rq      Ta \(rq     Ta right double-quote  .It \e(lq    Ta \(lq        Ta left double-quote
 .It \e(oq      Ta \(oq     Ta left single-quote  .It \e(rq    Ta \(rq        Ta right double-quote
 .It \e(cq      Ta \(cq     Ta right single-quote  .It \e(oq    Ta \(oq        Ta left single-quote
 .It \e(aq      Ta \(aq     Ta apostrophe quote (text)  .It \e(cq    Ta \(cq        Ta right single-quote
 .It \e(dq      Ta \(dq     Ta double quote (text)  .It \e(aq    Ta \(aq        Ta apostrophe quote (text)
 .It \e(Fo      Ta \(Fo     Ta left guillemet  .It \e(dq    Ta \(dq        Ta double quote (text)
 .It \e(Fc      Ta \(Fc     Ta right guillemet  .It \e(Fo    Ta \(Fo        Ta left guillemet
 .It \e(fo      Ta \(fo     Ta left single guillemet  .It \e(Fc    Ta \(Fc        Ta right guillemet
 .It \e(fc      Ta \(fc     Ta right single guillemet  .It \e(fo    Ta \(fo        Ta left single guillemet
   .It \e(fc    Ta \(fc        Ta right single guillemet
 .El  .El
 .\" PARAGRAPH  
 .Pp  .Pp
 Brackets:  Brackets:
 .Bl -offset indent -column 10n 10n 10n  .Bl -column "xxbracketrightbpx" Rendered Description -offset indent -compact
 .It \e(lB      Ta \(lB     Ta left bracket  .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 .It \e(rB      Ta \(rB     Ta right bracket  .It \e(lB    Ta \(lB        Ta left bracket
 .It \e(lC      Ta \(lC     Ta left brace  .It \e(rB    Ta \(rB        Ta right bracket
 .It \e(rC      Ta \(rC     Ta right brace  .It \e(lC    Ta \(lC        Ta left brace
 .It \e(la      Ta \(la     Ta left angle  .It \e(rC    Ta \(rC        Ta right brace
 .It \e(ra      Ta \(ra     Ta right angle  .It \e(la    Ta \(la        Ta left angle
 .It \e(bv      Ta \(bv     Ta brace extension  .It \e(ra    Ta \(ra        Ta right angle
   .It \e(bv    Ta \(bv        Ta brace extension
 .It \e[braceex] Ta \[braceex] Ta brace extension  .It \e[braceex] Ta \[braceex] Ta brace extension
 .It \e[bracketlefttp] Ta \[bracketlefttp] Ta top-left hooked bracket  .It \e[bracketlefttp] Ta \[bracketlefttp] Ta top-left hooked bracket
 .It \e[bracketleftbp] Ta \[bracketleftbp] Ta bottom-left hooked bracket  .It \e[bracketleftbp] Ta \[bracketleftbp] Ta bottom-left hooked bracket
Line 144  Brackets:
Line 171  Brackets:
 .It \e[bracketrighttp] Ta \[bracketrighttp] Ta top-right hooked bracket  .It \e[bracketrighttp] Ta \[bracketrighttp] Ta top-right hooked bracket
 .It \e[bracketrightbp] Ta \[bracketrightbp] Ta bottom-right hooked bracket  .It \e[bracketrightbp] Ta \[bracketrightbp] Ta bottom-right hooked bracket
 .It \e[bracketrightex] Ta \[bracketrightex] Ta right hooked bracket extension  .It \e[bracketrightex] Ta \[bracketrightex] Ta right hooked bracket extension
 .It \e(lt      Ta \(lt     Ta top-left hooked brace  .It \e(lt    Ta \(lt        Ta top-left hooked brace
 .It \e[bracelefttp] Ta \[bracelefttp] Ta top-left hooked brace  .It \e[bracelefttp] Ta \[bracelefttp] Ta top-left hooked brace
 .It \e(lk      Ta \(lk     Ta mid-left hooked brace  .It \e(lk    Ta \(lk        Ta mid-left hooked brace
 .It \e[braceleftmid] Ta \[braceleftmid] Ta mid-left hooked brace  .It \e[braceleftmid] Ta \[braceleftmid] Ta mid-left hooked brace
 .It \e(lb      Ta \(lb     Ta bottom-left hooked brace  .It \e(lb    Ta \(lb        Ta bottom-left hooked brace
 .It \e[braceleftbp] Ta \[braceleftbp] Ta bottom-left hooked brace  .It \e[braceleftbp] Ta \[braceleftbp] Ta bottom-left hooked brace
 .It \e[braceleftex] Ta \[braceleftex] Ta left hooked brace extension  .It \e[braceleftex] Ta \[braceleftex] Ta left hooked brace extension
 .It \e(rt      Ta \(rt     Ta top-left hooked brace  .It \e(rt    Ta \(rt        Ta top-left hooked brace
 .It \e[bracerighttp] Ta \[bracerighttp] Ta top-right hooked brace  .It \e[bracerighttp] Ta \[bracerighttp] Ta top-right hooked brace
 .It \e(rk      Ta \(rk     Ta mid-right hooked brace  .It \e(rk    Ta \(rk        Ta mid-right hooked brace
 .It \e[bracerightmid] Ta \[bracerightmid] Ta mid-right hooked brace  .It \e[bracerightmid] Ta \[bracerightmid] Ta mid-right hooked brace
 .It \e(rb      Ta \(rb     Ta bottom-right hooked brace  .It \e(rb    Ta \(rb        Ta bottom-right hooked brace
 .It \e[bracerightbp] Ta \[bracerightbp] Ta bottom-right hooked brace  .It \e[bracerightbp] Ta \[bracerightbp] Ta bottom-right hooked brace
 .It \e[bracerightex] Ta \[bracerightex] Ta right hooked brace extension  .It \e[bracerightex] Ta \[bracerightex] Ta right hooked brace extension
 .It \e[parenlefttp] Ta \[parenlefttp] Ta top-left hooked parenthesis  .It \e[parenlefttp] Ta \[parenlefttp] Ta top-left hooked parenthesis
Line 165  Brackets:
Line 192  Brackets:
 .It \e[parenrightbp] Ta \[parenrightbp] Ta bottom-right hooked parenthesis  .It \e[parenrightbp] Ta \[parenrightbp] Ta bottom-right hooked parenthesis
 .It \e[parenrightex] Ta \[parenrightex] Ta right hooked parenthesis extension  .It \e[parenrightex] Ta \[parenrightex] Ta right hooked parenthesis extension
 .El  .El
 .\" PARAGRAPH  
 .Pp  .Pp
 Arrows:  Arrows:
 .Bl -offset indent -column 10n 10n 10n  .Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact
 .It \e(<-      Ta \(<-     Ta left arrow  .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 .It \e(->      Ta \(->     Ta right arrow  .It \e(<-    Ta \(<-        Ta left arrow
 .It \e(<>      Ta \(<>     Ta left-right arrow  .It \e(->    Ta \(->        Ta right arrow
 .It \e(da      Ta \(da     Ta down arrow  .It \e(<>    Ta \(<>        Ta left-right arrow
 .It \e(ua      Ta \(ua     Ta up arrow  .It \e(da    Ta \(da        Ta down arrow
 .It \e(va      Ta \(va     Ta up-down arrow  .It \e(ua    Ta \(ua        Ta up arrow
 .It \e(lA      Ta \(lA     Ta left double-arrow  .It \e(va    Ta \(va        Ta up-down arrow
 .It \e(rA      Ta \(rA     Ta right double-arrow  .It \e(lA    Ta \(lA        Ta left double-arrow
 .It \e(hA      Ta \(hA     Ta left-right double-arrow  .It \e(rA    Ta \(rA        Ta right double-arrow
 .It \e(uA      Ta \(uA     Ta up double-arrow  .It \e(hA    Ta \(hA        Ta left-right double-arrow
 .It \e(dA      Ta \(dA     Ta down double-arrow  .It \e(uA    Ta \(uA        Ta up double-arrow
 .It \e(vA      Ta \(vA     Ta up-down double-arrow  .It \e(dA    Ta \(dA        Ta down double-arrow
   .It \e(vA    Ta \(vA        Ta up-down double-arrow
 .El  .El
 .\" PARAGRAPH  
 .Pp  .Pp
 Logical:  Logical:
 .Bl -offset indent -column 10n 10n 10n  .Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact
 .It \e(AN      Ta \(AN     Ta logical and  .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 .It \e(OR      Ta \(OR     Ta logical or  .It \e(AN    Ta \(AN        Ta logical and
 .It \e(no      Ta \(no     Ta logical not  .It \e(OR    Ta \(OR        Ta logical or
 .It \e[tno]    Ta \[tno]   Ta logical not (text)  .It \e(no    Ta \(no        Ta logical not
 .It \e(te      Ta \(te     Ta existential quantifier  .It \e[tno]  Ta \[tno]      Ta logical not (text)
 .It \e(fa      Ta \(fa     Ta universal quantifier  .It \e(te    Ta \(te        Ta existential quantifier
 .It \e(st      Ta \(st     Ta such that  .It \e(fa    Ta \(fa        Ta universal quantifier
 .It \e(tf      Ta \(tf     Ta therefore  .It \e(st    Ta \(st        Ta such that
 .It \e(3d      Ta \(3d     Ta therefore  .It \e(tf    Ta \(tf        Ta therefore
 .It \e(or      Ta \(or     Ta bitwise or  .It \e(3d    Ta \(3d        Ta therefore
   .It \e(or    Ta \(or        Ta bitwise or
 .El  .El
 .\" PARAGRAPH  
 .Pp  .Pp
 Mathematical:  Mathematical:
 .Bl -offset indent -column 10n 10n 10n  .Bl -column "xxcoproductxx" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact
 .It \e(pl      Ta \(pl     Ta plus  .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 .It \e(mi      Ta \(mi     Ta minus  .It \e(pl    Ta \(pl        Ta plus
 .It \e-        Ta \-       Ta minus (text)  .It \e(mi    Ta \(mi        Ta minus
 .It \e(-+      Ta \(-+     Ta minus-plus  .It \e-      Ta \-          Ta minus (text)
 .It \e(+-      Ta \(+-     Ta plus-minus  .It \e(-+    Ta \(-+        Ta minus-plus
 .It \e[t+-]    Ta \[t+-]   Ta plus-minus (text)  .It \e(+-    Ta \(+-        Ta plus-minus
 .It \e(pc      Ta \(pc     Ta centre-dot  .It \e[t+-]  Ta \[t+-]      Ta plus-minus (text)
 .It \e(mu      Ta \(mu     Ta multiply  .It \e(pc    Ta \(pc        Ta centre-dot
 .It \e[tmu]    Ta \[tmu]   Ta multiply (text)  .It \e(mu    Ta \(mu        Ta multiply
 .It \e(c*      Ta \(c*     Ta circle-multiply  .It \e[tmu]  Ta \[tmu]      Ta multiply (text)
 .It \e(c+      Ta \(c+     Ta circle-plus  .It \e(c*    Ta \(c*        Ta circle-multiply
 .It \e(di      Ta \(di     Ta divide  .It \e(c+    Ta \(c+        Ta circle-plus
 .It \e[tdi]    Ta \[tdi]   Ta divide (text)  .It \e(di    Ta \(di        Ta divide
 .It \e(f/      Ta \(f/     Ta fraction  .It \e[tdi]  Ta \[tdi]      Ta divide (text)
 .It \e(**      Ta \(**     Ta asterisk  .It \e(f/    Ta \(f/        Ta fraction
 .It \e(<=      Ta \(<=     Ta less-than-equal  .It \e(**    Ta \(**        Ta asterisk
 .It \e(>=      Ta \(>=     Ta greater-than-equal  .It \e(<=    Ta \(<=        Ta less-than-equal
 .It \e(<<      Ta \(<<     Ta much less  .It \e(>=    Ta \(>=        Ta greater-than-equal
 .It \e(>>      Ta \(>>     Ta much greater  .It \e(<<    Ta \(<<        Ta much less
 .It \e(eq      Ta \(eq     Ta equal  .It \e(>>    Ta \(>>        Ta much greater
 .It \e(!=      Ta \(!=     Ta not equal  .It \e(eq    Ta \(eq        Ta equal
 .It \e(==      Ta \(==     Ta equivalent  .It \e(!=    Ta \(!=        Ta not equal
 .It \e(ne      Ta \(ne     Ta not equivalent  .It \e(==    Ta \(==        Ta equivalent
 .It \e(=~      Ta \(=~     Ta congruent  .It \e(ne    Ta \(ne        Ta not equivalent
 .It \e(-~      Ta \(-~     Ta asymptotically congruent  .It \e(=~    Ta \(=~        Ta congruent
 .It \e(ap      Ta \(ap     Ta asymptotically similar  .It \e(-~    Ta \(-~        Ta asymptotically congruent
 .It \e(~~      Ta \(~~     Ta approximately similar  .It \e(ap    Ta \(ap        Ta asymptotically similar
 .It \e(~=      Ta \(~=     Ta approximately equal  .It \e(~~    Ta \(~~        Ta approximately similar
 .It \e(pt      Ta \(pt     Ta proportionate  .It \e(~=    Ta \(~=        Ta approximately equal
 .It \e(es      Ta \(es     Ta empty set  .It \e(pt    Ta \(pt        Ta proportionate
 .It \e(mo      Ta \(mo     Ta element  .It \e(es    Ta \(es        Ta empty set
 .It \e(nm      Ta \(nm     Ta not element  .It \e(mo    Ta \(mo        Ta element
 .It \e(sb      Ta \(sb     Ta proper subset  .It \e(nm    Ta \(nm        Ta not element
 .It \e(nb      Ta \(nb     Ta not subset  .It \e(sb    Ta \(sb        Ta proper subset
 .It \e(sp      Ta \(sp     Ta proper superset  .It \e(nb    Ta \(nb        Ta not subset
 .It \e(nc      Ta \(nc     Ta not superset  .It \e(sp    Ta \(sp        Ta proper superset
 .It \e(ib      Ta \(ib     Ta reflexive subset  .It \e(nc    Ta \(nc        Ta not superset
 .It \e(ip      Ta \(ip     Ta reflexive superset  .It \e(ib    Ta \(ib        Ta reflexive subset
 .It \e(ca      Ta \(ca     Ta intersection  .It \e(ip    Ta \(ip        Ta reflexive superset
 .It \e(cu      Ta \(cu     Ta union  .It \e(ca    Ta \(ca        Ta intersection
 .It \e(/_      Ta \(/_     Ta angle  .It \e(cu    Ta \(cu        Ta union
 .It \e(pp      Ta \(pp     Ta perpendicular  .It \e(/_    Ta \(/_        Ta angle
 .It \e(is      Ta \(is     Ta integral  .It \e(pp    Ta \(pp        Ta perpendicular
   .It \e(is    Ta \(is        Ta integral
 .It \e[integral] Ta \[integral] Ta integral  .It \e[integral] Ta \[integral] Ta integral
 .It \e[sum]    Ta \[sum]   Ta summation  .It \e[sum]    Ta \[sum]   Ta summation
 .It \e[product] Ta \[product] Ta product  .It \e[product] Ta \[product] Ta product
 .It \e[coproduct] Ta \[coproduct] Ta coproduct  .It \e[coproduct] Ta \[coproduct] Ta coproduct
 .It \e(gr      Ta \(gr     Ta gradient  .It \e(gr    Ta \(gr        Ta gradient
 .It \e(sr      Ta \(sr     Ta square root  .It \e(sr    Ta \(sr        Ta square root
 .It \e[sqrt]   Ta \[sqrt]  Ta square root  .It \e[sqrt] Ta \[sqrt]     Ta square root
 .It \e(lc      Ta \(lc     Ta left-ceiling  .It \e(lc    Ta \(lc        Ta left-ceiling
 .It \e(rc      Ta \(rc     Ta right-ceiling  .It \e(rc    Ta \(rc        Ta right-ceiling
 .It \e(lf      Ta \(lf     Ta left-floor  .It \e(lf    Ta \(lf        Ta left-floor
 .It \e(rf      Ta \(rf     Ta right-floor  .It \e(rf    Ta \(rf        Ta right-floor
 .It \e(if      Ta \(if     Ta infinity  .It \e(if    Ta \(if        Ta infinity
 .It \e(Ah      Ta \(Ah     Ta aleph  .It \e(Ah    Ta \(Ah        Ta aleph
 .It \e(Im      Ta \(Im     Ta imaginary  .It \e(Im    Ta \(Im        Ta imaginary
 .It \e(Re      Ta \(Re     Ta real  .It \e(Re    Ta \(Re        Ta real
 .It \e(pd      Ta \(pd     Ta partial differential  .It \e(pd    Ta \(pd        Ta partial differential
 .It \e(-h      Ta \(-h     Ta Planck constant over 2\(*p  .It \e(-h    Ta \(-h        Ta Planck constant over 2\(*p
   .It \e[12]   Ta \[12]       Ta one-half
   .It \e[14]   Ta \[14]       Ta one-fourth
   .It \e[34]   Ta \[34]       Ta three-fourths
 .El  .El
 .\" PARAGRAPH  
 .Pp  .Pp
 Ligatures:  Ligatures:
 .Bl -offset indent -column 10n 10n 10n  .Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact
 .It \e(ff      Ta \(ff     Ta ff ligature  .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 .It \e(fi      Ta \(fi     Ta fi ligature  .It \e(ff    Ta \(ff        Ta ff ligature
 .It \e(fl      Ta \(fl     Ta fl ligature  .It \e(fi    Ta \(fi        Ta fi ligature
 .It \e(Fi      Ta \(Fi     Ta ffi ligature  .It \e(fl    Ta \(fl        Ta fl ligature
 .It \e(Fl      Ta \(Fl     Ta ffl ligature  .It \e(Fi    Ta \(Fi        Ta ffi ligature
 .It \e(AE      Ta \(AE     Ta AE  .It \e(Fl    Ta \(Fl        Ta ffl ligature
 .It \e(ae      Ta \(ae     Ta ae  .It \e(AE    Ta \(AE        Ta AE
 .It \e(OE      Ta \(OE     Ta OE  .It \e(ae    Ta \(ae        Ta ae
 .It \e(oe      Ta \(oe     Ta oe  .It \e(OE    Ta \(OE        Ta OE
 .It \e(ss      Ta \(ss     Ta German eszett  .It \e(oe    Ta \(oe        Ta oe
 .It \e(IJ      Ta \(IJ     Ta IJ ligature  .It \e(ss    Ta \(ss        Ta German eszett
 .It \e(ij      Ta \(ij     Ta ij ligature  .It \e(IJ    Ta \(IJ        Ta IJ ligature
   .It \e(ij    Ta \(ij        Ta ij ligature
 .El  .El
 .\" PARAGRAPH  
 .Pp  .Pp
 Accents:  Accents:
 .Bl -offset indent -column 10n 10n 10n  .Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact
 .It \e(a"      Ta \(a"     Ta Hungarian umlaut  .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 .It \e(a-      Ta \(a-     Ta macron  .It \e(a"    Ta \(a"        Ta Hungarian umlaut
 .It \e(a.      Ta \(a.     Ta dotted  .It \e(a-    Ta \(a-        Ta macron
 .It \e(a^      Ta \(a^     Ta circumflex  .It \e(a.    Ta \(a.        Ta dotted
 .It \e(aa      Ta \(aa     Ta acute  .It \e(a^    Ta \(a^        Ta circumflex
 .It \e(ga      Ta \(ga     Ta grave  .It \e(aa    Ta \(aa        Ta acute
 .It \e(ab      Ta \(ab     Ta breve  .It \e'      Ta \'          Ta acute
 .It \e(ac      Ta \(ac     Ta cedilla  .It \e(ga    Ta \(ga        Ta grave
 .It \e(ad      Ta \(ad     Ta dieresis  .It \e`      Ta \`          Ta grave
 .It \e(ah      Ta \(ah     Ta caron  .It \e(ab    Ta \(ab        Ta breve
 .It \e(ao      Ta \(ao     Ta ring  .It \e(ac    Ta \(ac        Ta cedilla
 .It \e(a~      Ta \(a~     Ta tilde  .It \e(ad    Ta \(ad        Ta dieresis
 .It \e(ho      Ta \(ho     Ta ogonek  .It \e(ah    Ta \(ah        Ta caron
 .It \e(ha      Ta \(ha     Ta hat (text)  .It \e(ao    Ta \(ao        Ta ring
 .It \e(ti      Ta \(ti     Ta tilde (text)  .It \e(a~    Ta \(a~        Ta tilde
   .It \e(ho    Ta \(ho        Ta ogonek
   .It \e(ha    Ta \(ha        Ta hat (text)
   .It \e(ti    Ta \(ti        Ta tilde (text)
 .El  .El
 .\" PARAGRAPH  
 .Pp  .Pp
 Accented letters:  Accented letters:
 .Bl -offset indent -column 10n 10n 10n  .Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact
 .It \e('A      Ta \('A     Ta acute A  .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 .It \e('E      Ta \('E     Ta acute E  .It \e('A    Ta \('A        Ta acute A
 .It \e('I      Ta \('I     Ta acute I  .It \e('E    Ta \('E        Ta acute E
 .It \e('O      Ta \('O     Ta acute O  .It \e('I    Ta \('I        Ta acute I
 .It \e('U      Ta \('U     Ta acute U  .It \e('O    Ta \('O        Ta acute O
 .It \e('a      Ta \('a     Ta acute a  .It \e('U    Ta \('U        Ta acute U
 .It \e('e      Ta \('e     Ta acute e  .It \e('a    Ta \('a        Ta acute a
 .It \e('i      Ta \('i     Ta acute i  .It \e('e    Ta \('e        Ta acute e
 .It \e('o      Ta \('o     Ta acute o  .It \e('i    Ta \('i        Ta acute i
 .It \e('u      Ta \('u     Ta acute u  .It \e('o    Ta \('o        Ta acute o
 .It \e(`A      Ta \(`A     Ta grave A  .It \e('u    Ta \('u        Ta acute u
 .It \e(`E      Ta \(`E     Ta grave E  .It \e(`A    Ta \(`A        Ta grave A
 .It \e(`I      Ta \(`I     Ta grave I  .It \e(`E    Ta \(`E        Ta grave E
 .It \e(`O      Ta \(`O     Ta grave O  .It \e(`I    Ta \(`I        Ta grave I
 .It \e(`U      Ta \(`U     Ta grave U  .It \e(`O    Ta \(`O        Ta grave O
 .It \e(`a      Ta \(`a     Ta grave a  .It \e(`U    Ta \(`U        Ta grave U
 .It \e(`e      Ta \(`e     Ta grave e  .It \e(`a    Ta \(`a        Ta grave a
 .It \e(`i      Ta \(`i     Ta grave i  .It \e(`e    Ta \(`e        Ta grave e
 .It \e(`o      Ta \(`i     Ta grave o  .It \e(`i    Ta \(`i        Ta grave i
 .It \e(`u      Ta \(`u     Ta grave u  .It \e(`o    Ta \(`i        Ta grave o
 .It \e(~A      Ta \(~A     Ta tilde A  .It \e(`u    Ta \(`u        Ta grave u
 .It \e(~N      Ta \(~N     Ta tilde N  .It \e(~A    Ta \(~A        Ta tilde A
 .It \e(~O      Ta \(~O     Ta tilde O  .It \e(~N    Ta \(~N        Ta tilde N
 .It \e(~a      Ta \(~a     Ta tilde a  .It \e(~O    Ta \(~O        Ta tilde O
 .It \e(~n      Ta \(~n     Ta tilde n  .It \e(~a    Ta \(~a        Ta tilde a
 .It \e(~o      Ta \(~o     Ta tilde o  .It \e(~n    Ta \(~n        Ta tilde n
 .It \e(:A      Ta \(:A     Ta dieresis A  .It \e(~o    Ta \(~o        Ta tilde o
 .It \e(:E      Ta \(:E     Ta dieresis E  .It \e(:A    Ta \(:A        Ta dieresis A
 .It \e(:I      Ta \(:I     Ta dieresis I  .It \e(:E    Ta \(:E        Ta dieresis E
 .It \e(:O      Ta \(:O     Ta dieresis O  .It \e(:I    Ta \(:I        Ta dieresis I
 .It \e(:U      Ta \(:U     Ta dieresis U  .It \e(:O    Ta \(:O        Ta dieresis O
 .It \e(:a      Ta \(:a     Ta dieresis a  .It \e(:U    Ta \(:U        Ta dieresis U
 .It \e(:e      Ta \(:e     Ta dieresis e  .It \e(:a    Ta \(:a        Ta dieresis a
 .It \e(:i      Ta \(:i     Ta dieresis i  .It \e(:e    Ta \(:e        Ta dieresis e
 .It \e(:o      Ta \(:o     Ta dieresis o  .It \e(:i    Ta \(:i        Ta dieresis i
 .It \e(:u      Ta \(:u     Ta dieresis u  .It \e(:o    Ta \(:o        Ta dieresis o
 .It \e(:y      Ta \(:y     Ta dieresis y  .It \e(:u    Ta \(:u        Ta dieresis u
 .It \e(^A      Ta \(^A     Ta circumflex A  .It \e(:y    Ta \(:y        Ta dieresis y
 .It \e(^E      Ta \(^E     Ta circumflex E  .It \e(^A    Ta \(^A        Ta circumflex A
 .It \e(^I      Ta \(^I     Ta circumflex I  .It \e(^E    Ta \(^E        Ta circumflex E
 .It \e(^O      Ta \(^O     Ta circumflex O  .It \e(^I    Ta \(^I        Ta circumflex I
 .It \e(^U      Ta \(^U     Ta circumflex U  .It \e(^O    Ta \(^O        Ta circumflex O
 .It \e(^a      Ta \(^a     Ta circumflex a  .It \e(^U    Ta \(^U        Ta circumflex U
 .It \e(^e      Ta \(^e     Ta circumflex e  .It \e(^a    Ta \(^a        Ta circumflex a
 .It \e(^i      Ta \(^i     Ta circumflex i  .It \e(^e    Ta \(^e        Ta circumflex e
 .It \e(^o      Ta \(^o     Ta circumflex o  .It \e(^i    Ta \(^i        Ta circumflex i
 .It \e(^u      Ta \(^u     Ta circumflex u  .It \e(^o    Ta \(^o        Ta circumflex o
 .It \e(,C      Ta \(,C     Ta cedilla C  .It \e(^u    Ta \(^u        Ta circumflex u
 .It \e(,c      Ta \(,c     Ta cedilla c  .It \e(,C    Ta \(,C        Ta cedilla C
 .It \e(/L      Ta \(/L     Ta stroke L  .It \e(,c    Ta \(,c        Ta cedilla c
 .It \e(/l      Ta \(/l     Ta stroke l  .It \e(/L    Ta \(/L        Ta stroke L
 .It \e(/O      Ta \(/O     Ta stroke O  .It \e(/l    Ta \(/l        Ta stroke l
 .It \e(/o      Ta \(/o     Ta stroke o  .It \e(/O    Ta \(/O        Ta stroke O
 .It \e(oA      Ta \(oA     Ta ring A  .It \e(/o    Ta \(/o        Ta stroke o
 .It \e(oa      Ta \(oa     Ta ring a  .It \e(oA    Ta \(oA        Ta ring A
   .It \e(oa    Ta \(oa        Ta ring a
 .El  .El
 .\" PARAGRAPH  
 .Pp  .Pp
 Special letters:  Special letters:
 .Bl -offset indent -column 10n 10n 10n  .Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact
 .It \e(-D      Ta \(-D     Ta Eth  .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 .It \e(Sd      Ta \(Sd     Ta eth  .It \e(-D    Ta \(-D        Ta Eth
 .It \e(TP      Ta \(TP     Ta Thorn  .It \e(Sd    Ta \(Sd        Ta eth
 .It \e(Tp      Ta \(Tp     Ta thorn  .It \e(TP    Ta \(TP        Ta Thorn
 .It \e(.i      Ta \(.i     Ta dotless i  .It \e(Tp    Ta \(Tp        Ta thorn
 .It \e(.j      Ta \(.j     Ta dotless j  .It \e(.i    Ta \(.i        Ta dotless i
   .It \e(.j    Ta \(.j        Ta dotless j
 .El  .El
 .\" PARAGRAPH  
 .Pp  .Pp
 Monetary:  Currency:
 .Bl -offset indent -column 10n 10n 10n  .Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact
 .It \e(Cs      Ta \(Cs     Ta Scandinavian  .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 .It \e(Do      Ta \(Do     Ta dollar  .It \e(Do    Ta \(Do        Ta dollar
 .It \e(Po      Ta \(Po     Ta pound  .It \e(ct    Ta \(ct        Ta cent
 .It \e(Ye      Ta \(Ye     Ta yen  .It \e(Eu    Ta \(Eu        Ta Euro symbol
 .It \e(Fn      Ta \(Fn     Ta florin  .It \e(eu    Ta \(eu        Ta Euro symbol
 .It \e(ct      Ta \(ct     Ta cent  .It \e(Ye    Ta \(Ye        Ta yen
 .It \e(Eu      Ta \(Eu     Ta Euro character glyph  .It \e(Po    Ta \(Po        Ta pound
 .It \e(eu      Ta \(eu     Ta Euro symbol  .It \e(Cs    Ta \(Cs        Ta Scandinavian
   .It \e(Fn    Ta \(Fn        Ta florin
 .El  .El
 .\" PARAGRAPH  
 .Pp  .Pp
 Greek letters:  Units:
 .Bl -offset indent -column 10n 10n 10n  .Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact
 .It \e(*A      Ta \(*A     Ta Alpha  .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 .It \e(*B      Ta \(*B     Ta Beta  .It \e(de    Ta \(de        Ta degree
 .It \e(*G      Ta \(*G     Ta Gamma  .It \e(%0    Ta \(%0        Ta per-thousand
 .It \e(*D      Ta \(*D     Ta Delta  .It \e(fm    Ta \(fm        Ta minute
 .It \e(*E      Ta \(*E     Ta Epsilon  .It \e(sd    Ta \(sd        Ta second
 .It \e(*Z      Ta \(*Z     Ta Zeta  .It \e(mc    Ta \(mc        Ta micro
 .It \e(*Y      Ta \(*Y     Ta Eta  
 .It \e(*H      Ta \(*H     Ta Theta  
 .It \e(*I      Ta \(*I     Ta Iota  
 .It \e(*K      Ta \(*K     Ta Kappa  
 .It \e(*L      Ta \(*L     Ta Lambda  
 .It \e(*M      Ta \(*M     Ta Mu  
 .It \e(*N      Ta \(*N     Ta Nu  
 .It \e(*C      Ta \(*C     Ta Xi  
 .It \e(*O      Ta \(*O     Ta Omicron  
 .It \e(*P      Ta \(*P     Ta Pi  
 .It \e(*R      Ta \(*R     Ta Rho  
 .It \e(*S      Ta \(*S     Ta Sigma  
 .It \e(*T      Ta \(*T     Ta Tau  
 .It \e(*U      Ta \(*U     Ta Upsilon  
 .It \e(*F      Ta \(*F     Ta Phi  
 .It \e(*X      Ta \(*X     Ta Chi  
 .It \e(*Q      Ta \(*Q     Ta Psi  
 .It \e(*W      Ta \(*W     Ta Omega  
 .It \e(*a      Ta \(*a     Ta alpha  
 .It \e(*b      Ta \(*b     Ta beta  
 .It \e(*g      Ta \(*g     Ta gamma  
 .It \e(*d      Ta \(*d     Ta delta  
 .It \e(*e      Ta \(*e     Ta epsilon  
 .It \e(*z      Ta \(*z     Ta zeta  
 .It \e(*y      Ta \(*y     Ta eta  
 .It \e(*h      Ta \(*h     Ta theta  
 .It \e(*i      Ta \(*i     Ta iota  
 .It \e(*k      Ta \(*k     Ta kappa  
 .It \e(*l      Ta \(*l     Ta lambda  
 .It \e(*m      Ta \(*m     Ta mu  
 .It \e(*n      Ta \(*n     Ta nu  
 .It \e(*c      Ta \(*c     Ta xi  
 .It \e(*o      Ta \(*o     Ta omicron  
 .It \e(*p      Ta \(*p     Ta pi  
 .It \e(*r      Ta \(*r     Ta rho  
 .It \e(*s      Ta \(*s     Ta sigma  
 .It \e(*t      Ta \(*t     Ta tau  
 .It \e(*u      Ta \(*u     Ta upsilon  
 .It \e(*f      Ta \(*f     Ta phi  
 .It \e(*x      Ta \(*x     Ta chi  
 .It \e(*q      Ta \(*q     Ta psi  
 .It \e(*w      Ta \(*w     Ta omega  
 .It \e(+h      Ta \(+h     Ta theta variant  
 .It \e(+f      Ta \(+f     Ta phi variant  
 .It \e(+p      Ta \(+p     Ta pi variant  
 .It \e(+e      Ta \(+e     Ta epsilon variant  
 .It \e(ts      Ta \(ts     Ta sigma terminal  
 .El  .El
 .\" PARAGRAPH  
 .Pp  .Pp
 Special symbols:  Greek letters:
 .Bl -offset indent -column 10n 10n 10n  .Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact
 .It \e(de      Ta \(de     Ta degree  .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 .It \e(ps      Ta \(ps     Ta paragraph  .It \e(*A    Ta \(*A        Ta Alpha
 .It \e(sc      Ta \(sc     Ta section  .It \e(*B    Ta \(*B        Ta Beta
 .It \e(dg      Ta \(dg     Ta dagger  .It \e(*G    Ta \(*G        Ta Gamma
 .It \e(dd      Ta \(dd     Ta double dagger  .It \e(*D    Ta \(*D        Ta Delta
 .It \e(ci      Ta \(ci     Ta circle  .It \e(*E    Ta \(*E        Ta Epsilon
 .It \e(ba      Ta \(ba     Ta bar  .It \e(*Z    Ta \(*Z        Ta Zeta
 .It \e(bb      Ta \(bb     Ta broken bar  .It \e(*Y    Ta \(*Y        Ta Eta
 .It \e(co      Ta \(co     Ta copyright  .It \e(*H    Ta \(*H        Ta Theta
 .It \e(rg      Ta \(rg     Ta registered  .It \e(*I    Ta \(*I        Ta Iota
 .It \e(tm      Ta \(tm     Ta trademarked  .It \e(*K    Ta \(*K        Ta Kappa
 .It \ee        Ta \e       Ta escape  .It \e(*L    Ta \(*L        Ta Lambda
 .It \e(lh      Ta \(lh     Ta left hand  .It \e(*M    Ta \(*M        Ta Mu
 .It \e(rh      Ta \(rh     Ta right hand  .It \e(*N    Ta \(*N        Ta Nu
 .El  .It \e(*C    Ta \(*C        Ta Xi
 .\" SECTION  .It \e(*O    Ta \(*O        Ta Omicron
   .It \e(*P    Ta \(*P        Ta Pi
   .It \e(*R    Ta \(*R        Ta Rho
   .It \e(*S    Ta \(*S        Ta Sigma
   .It \e(*T    Ta \(*T        Ta Tau
   .It \e(*U    Ta \(*U        Ta Upsilon
   .It \e(*F    Ta \(*F        Ta Phi
   .It \e(*X    Ta \(*X        Ta Chi
   .It \e(*Q    Ta \(*Q        Ta Psi
   .It \e(*W    Ta \(*W        Ta Omega
   .It \e(*a    Ta \(*a        Ta alpha
   .It \e(*b    Ta \(*b        Ta beta
   .It \e(*g    Ta \(*g        Ta gamma
   .It \e(*d    Ta \(*d        Ta delta
   .It \e(*e    Ta \(*e        Ta epsilon
   .It \e(*z    Ta \(*z        Ta zeta
   .It \e(*y    Ta \(*y        Ta eta
   .It \e(*h    Ta \(*h        Ta theta
   .It \e(*i    Ta \(*i        Ta iota
   .It \e(*k    Ta \(*k        Ta kappa
   .It \e(*l    Ta \(*l        Ta lambda
   .It \e(*m    Ta \(*m        Ta mu
   .It \e(*n    Ta \(*n        Ta nu
   .It \e(*c    Ta \(*c        Ta xi
   .It \e(*o    Ta \(*o        Ta omicron
   .It \e(*p    Ta \(*p        Ta pi
   .It \e(*r    Ta \(*r        Ta rho
   .It \e(*s    Ta \(*s        Ta sigma
   .It \e(*t    Ta \(*t        Ta tau
   .It \e(*u    Ta \(*u        Ta upsilon
   .It \e(*f    Ta \(*f        Ta phi
   .It \e(*x    Ta \(*x        Ta chi
   .It \e(*q    Ta \(*q        Ta psi
   .It \e(*w    Ta \(*w        Ta omega
   .It \e(+h    Ta \(+h        Ta theta variant
   .It \e(+f    Ta \(+f        Ta phi variant
   .It \e(+p    Ta \(+p        Ta pi variant
   .It \e(+e    Ta \(+e        Ta epsilon variant
   .It \e(ts    Ta \(ts        Ta sigma terminal
   .El
 .Sh PREDEFINED STRINGS  .Sh PREDEFINED STRINGS
 These are not recommended for use, as they differ across  Predefined strings are inherited from the macro packages of historical
 implementations:  troff implementations.
 .Pp  They are
 Mathematical:  .Em not recommended
 .Bl -offset indent -column 10n 10n 10n  for use, as they differ across implementations.
 .It \e*(Ba     Ta \*(Ba    Ta vertical bar  Manuals using these predefined strings are almost certainly not
 .It \e*(Ne     Ta \*(Ne    Ta not equal  portable.
 .It \e*(Ge     Ta \*(Ge    Ta greater-than-equal  .Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent
 .It \e*(Le     Ta \*(Le    Ta less-than-equal  .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 .It \e*(Gt     Ta \*(Gt    Ta greater-than  .It \e*(Ba   Ta \*(Ba       Ta vertical bar
 .It \e*(Lt     Ta \*(Lt    Ta less-than  .It \e*(Ne   Ta \*(Ne       Ta not equal
 .It \e*(Pm     Ta \*(Pm    Ta plus-minus  .It \e*(Ge   Ta \*(Ge       Ta greater-than-equal
 .It \e*(If     Ta \*(If    Ta infinity  .It \e*(Le   Ta \*(Le       Ta less-than-equal
 .It \e*(Pi     Ta \*(Pi    Ta pi  .It \e*(Gt   Ta \*(Gt       Ta greater-than
 .It \e*(Na     Ta \*(Na    Ta NaN  .It \e*(Lt   Ta \*(Lt       Ta less-than
   .It \e*(Pm   Ta \*(Pm       Ta plus-minus
   .It \e*(If   Ta \*(If       Ta infinity
   .It \e*(Pi   Ta \*(Pi       Ta pi
   .It \e*(Na   Ta \*(Na       Ta NaN
   .It \e*(Am   Ta \*(Am       Ta ampersand
   .It \e*R     Ta \*R         Ta restricted mark
   .It \e*(Tm   Ta \*(Tm       Ta trade mark
   .It \e*q     Ta \*q         Ta double-quote
   .It \e*(Rq   Ta \*(Rq       Ta right-double-quote
   .It \e*(Lq   Ta \*(Lq       Ta left-double-quote
   .It \e*(lp   Ta \*(lp       Ta right-parenthesis
   .It \e*(rp   Ta \*(rp       Ta left-parenthesis
   .It \e*(lq   Ta \*(lq       Ta left double-quote
   .It \e*(rq   Ta \*(rq       Ta right double-quote
   .It \e*(ua   Ta \*(ua       Ta up arrow
   .It \e*(va   Ta \*(va       Ta up-down arrow
   .It \e*(<=   Ta \*(<=       Ta less-than-equal
   .It \e*(>=   Ta \*(>=       Ta greater-than-equal
   .It \e*(aa   Ta \*(aa       Ta acute
   .It \e*(ga   Ta \*(ga       Ta grave
   .It \e*(Px   Ta \*(Px       Ta POSIX standard name
   .It \e*(Ai   Ta \*(Ai       Ta ANSI standard name
 .El  .El
 .\" PARAGRAPH  .Sh UNICODE CHARACTERS
   The escape sequence
 .Pp  .Pp
 Special symbols:  .Dl \e[uXXXX]
 .Bl -offset indent -column 10n 10n 10n  
 .It \e*(Ba     Ta \*(Ba    Ta vertical bar  
 .It \e*(Am     Ta \*(Am    Ta ampersand  
 .It \e*R       Ta \*R      Ta restricted mark  
 .It \e*(Tm     Ta \*(Tm    Ta trade mark  
 .El  
 .\" PARAGRAPH  
 .Pp  .Pp
 Enclosures:  is interpreted as a Unicode codepoint.
 .Bl -offset indent -column 10n 10n 10n  The codepoint must be in the range above U+0080 and less than U+10FFFF.
 .It \e*q       Ta \*q      Ta double-quote  For compatibility, points must be zero-padded to four characters; if
 .It \e*(Rq     Ta \*(Rq    Ta right-double-quote  greater than four characters, no zero padding is allowed.
 .It \e*(Lq     Ta \*(Lq    Ta left-double-quote  Unicode surrogates are not allowed.
 .It \e*(lp     Ta \*(lp    Ta right-parenthesis  .\" .Pp
 .It \e*(rp     Ta \*(rp    Ta left-parenthesis  .\" Unicode glyphs attenuate to the
 .El  .\" .Sq \&?
 .\" SECTION  .\" character if invalid or not rendered by current output media.
 .Sh COMPATIBILITY  .Sh NUMBERED CHARACTERS
 This section documents compatibility of  For backward compatibility with existing manuals,
 .Nm  .Xr mandoc 1
 with older or existing versions of  also supports the
 .Xr groff 1 .  
 .Pp  .Pp
 The following render differently in  .Dl \eN\(aq Ns Ar number Ns \(aq
 .Fl T Ns Ar ascii  
 output mode:  
 .Bd -ragged -offset indent  
 \e(ss, \e(nm, \e(nb, \e(nc, \e(ib, \e(ip, \e(pp, \e[sum], \e[product],  
 \e[coproduct], \e(gr, \e(-h, \e(a.  
 .Ed  
 .Pp  .Pp
 The following render differently in  escape sequence, inserting the character
 .Fl T Ns Ar html  .Ar number
 output mode:  from the current character set into the output.
 .Bd -ragged -offset indent  Of course, this is inherently non-portable and is already marked
 \e(~=, \e(nb, \e(nc  as deprecated in the Heirloom roff manual.
 .Ed  For example, do not use \eN'34', use \e(dq, or even the plain
   .Sq \(dq
   character where possible.
   .Sh COMPATIBILITY
   This section documents compatibility between mandoc and other other
   troff implementations, at this time limited to GNU troff
   .Pq Qq groff .
 .Pp  .Pp
 Finally, the following have been omitted by being poorly documented or  .Bl -dash -compact
 having no known representation:  .It
 .Bd -ragged -offset indent  The \eN\(aq\(aq escape sequence is limited to printable characters; in
 \e[radicalex], \e[sqrtex]  groff, it accepts arbitrary character numbers.
 .Ed  .It
 .\" SECTION  In
   .Fl T Ns Cm ascii ,
   the
   \e(ss, \e(nm, \e(nb, \e(nc, \e(ib, \e(ip, \e(pp, \e[sum], \e[product],
   \e[coproduct], \e(gr, \e(\-h, and \e(a. special characters render
   differently between mandoc and groff.
   .It
   In
   .Fl T Ns Cm html
   and
   .Fl T Ns Cm xhtml ,
   the \e(~=, \e(nb, and \e(nc special characters render differently
   between mandoc and groff.
   .It
   The
   .Fl T Ns Cm ps
   and
   .Fl T Ns Cm pdf
   modes format like
   .Fl T Ns Cm ascii
   instead of rendering glyphs as in groff.
   .It
   The \e[radicalex], \e[sqrtex], and \e(ru special characters have been omitted
   from mandoc either because they are poorly documented or they have no
   known representation.
   .El
 .Sh SEE ALSO  .Sh SEE ALSO
 .Xr mandoc 1  .Xr mandoc 1
 .\" SECTION  
 .Sh AUTHORS  .Sh AUTHORS
 The  The
 .Nm  .Nm
 utility was written by  manual page was written by
 .An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq kristaps@kth.se .  .An Kristaps Dzonsons ,
   .Mt kristaps@bsd.lv .
   .Sh CAVEATS
   The
   .Sq \e*(Ba
   escape mimics the behaviour of the
   .Sq \&|
   character in
   .Xr mdoc 7 ;
   thus, if you wish to render a vertical bar with no side effects, use
   the
   .Sq \e(ba
   escape.
Legend:
Removed from v.1.21  
changed lines
  Added in v.1.49
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