version 1.1, 2009/01/16 14:04:26 |
version 1.18, 2009/03/16 22:19:19 |
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.\" $Id$ |
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.\" |
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.\" Copyright (c) 2009 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@kth.se> |
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.\" |
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.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any |
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.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the |
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.\" above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all |
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.\" copies. |
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.\" |
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.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL |
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.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED |
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.\" WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE |
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.\" AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL |
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.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR |
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.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER |
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.\" TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR |
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.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. |
.\" |
.\" |
.Dd $Mdocdate$ |
.Dd $Mdocdate$ |
.Dt mdoc 3 |
.Dt mdoc 3 |
.Os |
.Os |
.\" |
.\" SECTION |
.Sh NAME |
.Sh NAME |
.Nm mdoc_alloc , |
.Nm mdoc_alloc , |
.Nm mdoc_parseln , |
.Nm mdoc_parseln , |
.Nm mdoc_endparse , |
.Nm mdoc_endparse , |
.Nm mdoc_result , |
.Nm mdoc_node , |
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.Nm mdoc_meta , |
.Nm mdoc_free |
.Nm mdoc_free |
.Nd mdoc macro compiler |
.Nd mdoc macro compiler library |
.\" |
.\" SECTION |
.Sh SYNOPSIS |
.Sh SYNOPSIS |
.In mdoc.h |
.Fd #include <mdoc.h> |
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.Vt extern const char * const * mdoc_macronames; |
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.Vt extern const char * const * mdoc_argnames; |
.Ft "struct mdoc *" |
.Ft "struct mdoc *" |
.Fn mdoc_alloc "void *data" "const struct mdoc_cb *cb" |
.Fn mdoc_alloc "void *data" "const struct mdoc_cb *cb" |
.Ft void |
.Ft void |
.Fn mdoc_free "struct mdoc *" |
.Fn mdoc_free "struct mdoc *mdoc" |
.Ft int |
.Ft int |
.Fn mdoc_parseln "struct mdoc *" "int" "char *buf" |
.Fn mdoc_parseln "struct mdoc *mdoc" "int line" "char *buf" |
.Ft "const struct mdoc_node *" |
.Ft "const struct mdoc_node *" |
.Fn mdoc_result "struct mdoc *" |
.Fn mdoc_node "struct mdoc *mdoc" |
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.Ft "const struct mdoc_meta *" |
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.Fn mdoc_meta "struct mdoc *mdoc" |
.Ft int |
.Ft int |
.Fn mdoc_endparse "struct mdoc *" |
.Fn mdoc_endparse "struct mdoc *mdoc" |
.\" |
.\" SECTION |
.Sh DESCRIPTION |
.Sh DESCRIPTION |
The |
The |
.Nm mdoc |
.Nm mdoc |
library parses lines of mdoc-macro text into an abstract syntax tree. |
library parses lines of |
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.Xr mdoc 7 |
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input (and |
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.Em only |
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mdoc) into an abstract syntax tree that generalises the semantic |
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annotation of its input. Common front-ends for |
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.Nm |
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are |
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.Xr mdocterm 1 , |
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.Xr mdoclint 1 |
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and |
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.Xr mdoctree 1 . |
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.\" PARAGRAPH |
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.Pp |
In general, applications initiate a parsing sequence with |
In general, applications initiate a parsing sequence with |
.Fn mdoc_alloc , |
.Fn mdoc_alloc , |
parse each line in a document with |
parse each line in a document with |
Line 35 parse each line in a document with |
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Line 70 parse each line in a document with |
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close the parsing session with |
close the parsing session with |
.Fn mdoc_endparse , |
.Fn mdoc_endparse , |
operate over the syntax tree returned by |
operate over the syntax tree returned by |
.Fn mdoc_result , |
.Fn mdoc_node |
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and |
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.Fn mdoc_meta , |
then free all allocated memory with |
then free all allocated memory with |
.Fn mdoc_free . |
.Fn mdoc_free . |
See the |
See the |
.Sx EXAMPLES |
.Sx EXAMPLES |
section for a full example. |
section for a full example. |
.\" The following requests should be uncommented and used where appropriate. |
.\" PARAGRAPH |
.\" This next request is for sections 2, 3, and 9 function return values only. |
.Pp |
.\" .Sh RETURN VALUES |
This section further defines the |
.\" .Sh EXAMPLES |
.Sx Types , |
.\" The next request is for sections 2, 3, and 9 error and signal handling only. |
.Sx Functions |
.\" .Sh ERRORS |
and |
.\" .Sh SEE ALSO |
.Sx Variables |
.\" .Xr foobar 1 |
available to programmers. Following that, the |
.\" .Sh STANDARDS |
.Sx Abstract Syntax Tree |
.\" .Sh HISTORY |
section documents the output tree. |
.\" .Sh AUTHORS |
.\" SUBSECTION |
.\" .Sh CAVEATS |
.Ss Types |
.\" .Sh BUGS |
Both functions (see |
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.Sx Functions ) |
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and variables (see |
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.Sx Variables ) |
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may use the following types: |
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.Bl -ohang -offset "XXXX" |
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.\" LIST-ITEM |
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.It Vt struct mdoc |
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An opaque type defined in |
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.Pa mdoc.c . |
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Its values are only used privately within the library. |
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.\" LIST-ITEM |
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.It Vt struct mdoc_cb |
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A set of message callbacks defined in |
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.Pa mdoc.h . |
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.\" LIST-ITEM |
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.It Vt struct mdoc_node |
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A parsed node. Defined in |
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.Pa mdoc.h . |
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See |
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.Sx Abstract Syntax Tree |
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for details. |
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.El |
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.\" SUBSECTION |
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.Ss Functions |
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Function descriptions follow: |
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.Bl -ohang -offset "XXXX" |
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.\" LIST-ITEM |
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.It Fn mdoc_alloc |
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Allocates a parsing structure. The |
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.Fa data |
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pointer is passed to callbacks in |
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.Fa cb , |
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which are documented further in the header file. Returns NULL on |
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failure. If non-NULL, the pointer must be freed with |
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.Fn mdoc_free . |
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.\" LIST-ITEM |
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.It Fn mdoc_free |
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Free all resources of a parser. The pointer is no longer valid after |
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invocation. |
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.\" LIST-ITEM |
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.It Fn mdoc_parseln |
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Parse a nil-terminated line of input. This line should not contain the |
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trailing newline. Returns 0 on failure, 1 on success. The input buffer |
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.Fa buf |
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is modified by this function. |
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.\" LIST-ITEM |
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.It Fn mdoc_endparse |
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Signals that the parse is complete. Note that if |
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.Fn mdoc_endparse |
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is called subsequent to |
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.Fn mdoc_node , |
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the resulting tree is incomplete. Returns 0 on failure, 1 on success. |
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.\" LIST-ITEM |
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.It Fn mdoc_node |
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Returns the first node of the parse. Note that if |
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.Fn mdoc_parseln |
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or |
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.Fn mdoc_endparse |
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return 0, the tree will be incomplete. |
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.It Fn mdoc_meta |
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Returns the document's parsed meta-data. If this information has not |
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yet been supplied or |
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.Fn mdoc_parseln |
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or |
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.Fn mdoc_endparse |
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return 0, the data will be incomplete. |
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.El |
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.\" SUBSECTION |
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.Ss Variables |
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The following variables are also defined: |
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.Bl -ohang -offset "XXXX" |
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.\" LIST-ITEM |
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.It Va mdoc_macronames |
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An array of string-ified token names. |
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.\" LIST-ITEM |
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.It Va mdoc_argnames |
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An array of string-ified token argument names. |
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.El |
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.\" SUBSECTION |
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.Ss Abstract Syntax Tree |
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The |
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.Nm |
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functions produce an abstract syntax tree (AST) describing input in a |
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regular form. It may be reviewed at any time with |
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.Fn mdoc_nodes ; |
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however, if called before |
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.Fn mdoc_endparse , |
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or after |
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.Fn mdoc_endparse |
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or |
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.Fn mdoc_parseln |
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fail, it may be incomplete. |
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.\" PARAGRAPH |
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.Pp |
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This AST is governed by the ontological |
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rules dictated in |
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.Xr mdoc 7 |
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and derives its terminology accordingly. |
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.Qq In-line |
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elements described in |
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.Xr mdoc 7 |
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are described simply as |
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.Qq elements . |
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.\" PARAGRAPH |
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.Pp |
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The AST is composed of |
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.Vt struct mdoc_node |
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nodes with block, head, body, element, root and text types as declared |
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by the |
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.Va type |
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field. Each node also provides its parse point (the |
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.Va line , |
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.Va sec , |
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and |
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.Va pos |
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fields), its position in the tree (the |
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.Va parent , |
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.Va child , |
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.Va next |
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and |
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.Va prev |
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fields) and type-specific data (the |
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.Va data |
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field). |
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.\" PARAGRAPH |
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.Pp |
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The tree itself is arranged according to the following normal form, |
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where capitalised non-terminals represent nodes. |
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.Pp |
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.Bl -tag -width "ELEMENTXX" -compact -offset "XXXX" |
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.\" LIST-ITEM |
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.It ROOT |
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\(<- mnode+ |
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.It mnode |
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\(<- BLOCK | ELEMENT | TEXT |
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.It BLOCK |
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\(<- (HEAD [TEXT])+ [BODY [TEXT]] [TAIL [TEXT]] |
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.It BLOCK |
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\(<- BODY [TEXT] [TAIL [TEXT]] |
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.It ELEMENT |
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\(<- TEXT* |
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.It HEAD |
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\(<- mnode+ |
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.It BODY |
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\(<- mnode+ |
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.It TAIL |
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\(<- mnode+ |
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.It TEXT |
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\(<- [[:alpha:]]* |
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.El |
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.\" PARAGRAPH |
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.Pp |
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Of note are the TEXT nodes following the HEAD, BODY and TAIL nodes of |
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the BLOCK production. These refer to punctuation marks. Furthermore, |
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although a TEXT node will generally have a non-zero-length string, in |
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the specific case of |
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.Sq \&.Bd \-literal , |
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an empty line will produce a zero-length string. |
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.\" SECTION |
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.Sh EXAMPLES |
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The following example reads lines from stdin and parses them, operating |
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on the finished parse tree with |
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.Fn parsed . |
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Note that, if the last line of the file isn't newline-terminated, this |
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will truncate the file's last character (see |
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.Xr fgetln 3 ) . |
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Further, this example does not error-check nor free memory upon failure. |
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.Bd -literal -offset "XXXX" |
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struct mdoc *mdoc; |
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struct mdoc_node *node; |
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char *buf; |
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size_t len; |
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int line; |
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line = 1; |
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mdoc = mdoc_alloc(NULL, NULL); |
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while ((buf = fgetln(fp, &len))) { |
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buf[len - 1] = '\\0'; |
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if ( ! mdoc_parseln(mdoc, line, buf)) |
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errx(1, "mdoc_parseln"); |
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line++; |
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} |
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if ( ! mdoc_endparse(mdoc)) |
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errx(1, "mdoc_endparse"); |
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if (NULL == (node = mdoc_node(mdoc))) |
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errx(1, "mdoc_node"); |
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parsed(mdoc, node); |
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mdoc_free(mdoc); |
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.Ed |
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.\" SECTION |
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.Sh SEE ALSO |
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.Xr mdocterm 1 , |
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.Xr mdoclint 1 , |
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.Xr mdoctree 1 , |
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.Xr mdoc 7 |
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.\" SECTION |
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.Sh AUTHORS |
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The |
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.Nm |
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utility was written by |
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.An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq kristaps@kth.se . |
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.\" SECTION |
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.Sh CAVEATS |
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.Bl -dash -compact |
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.\" LIST-ITEM |
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.It |
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The |
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.Sq \&Xc |
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and |
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.Sq \&Xo |
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macros aren't handled when used to span lines for the |
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.Sq \&It |
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macro. |
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.\" LIST-ITEM |
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.It |
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The |
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.Sq \&Bsx |
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macro doesn't yet understand version arguments. |
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.El |