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version 1.4, 2014/08/16 19:00:01 version 1.15, 2016/07/14 11:09:06
Line 5  About mdocml, the portable mandoc distribution
Line 5  About mdocml, the portable mandoc distribution
 The mandoc manpage compiler toolset is a suite of tools compiling  The mandoc manpage compiler toolset is a suite of tools compiling
 mdoc(7), the roff(7) macro language of choice for BSD manual pages,  mdoc(7), the roff(7) macro language of choice for BSD manual pages,
 and man(7), the predominant historical language for UNIX manuals.  and man(7), the predominant historical language for UNIX manuals.
 The toolset does not yet implement man(1); that is only scheduled  It includes a man(1) manual viewer and additional tools.
 for the next release, 1.13.2.  It can, however, already serve to  
 translate source manpages to the output displayed by man(1).  
 For general information, see <http://mdocml.bsd.lv/>.  For general information, see <http://mdocml.bsd.lv/>.
   
 In this document, we describe the installation and deployment of  
 mandoc(1), first as a simple, standalone formatter, and then as part of  
 the man(1) system.  
   
 In case you have questions or want to provide feedback, read  In case you have questions or want to provide feedback, read
 <http://mdocml.bsd.lv/contact.html>.  Consider subscribing to the  <http://mdocml.bsd.lv/contact.html>.  Consider subscribing to the
 discuss@ mailing list mentioned on that page.  If you intend to  discuss@ mailing list mentioned on that page.  If you intend to
Line 22  tech@ mailing list, too.
Line 16  tech@ mailing list, too.
   
 Enjoy using the mandoc toolset!  Enjoy using the mandoc toolset!
   
 Ingo Schwarze, Karlsruhe, August 2014  Ingo Schwarze, Karlsruhe, July 2016
   
   
 Installation  Installation
Line 33  or available via a binary package or a ports system.  
Line 27  or available via a binary package or a ports system.  
 latest bundled and ported versions of mandoc for various operating  latest bundled and ported versions of mandoc for various operating
 systems is maintained at <http://mdocml.bsd.lv/ports.html>.  systems is maintained at <http://mdocml.bsd.lv/ports.html>.
   
 If mandoc is installed, you can check the version by running "mandoc -V".  
 You can find the version contained in this distribution tarball  
 by running "./configure".  
   
 Regarding how packages and ports are maintained for your operating  Regarding how packages and ports are maintained for your operating
 system, please consult your operating system documentation.  system, please consult your operating system documentation.
 To install mandoc manually, the following steps are needed:  To install mandoc manually, the following steps are needed:
   
 1. If you want to build the CGI program, man.cgi(8), too, run the  1. If you want to build the CGI program, man.cgi(8), too, run the
 command "echo BUILD_CGI=1 > configure.local".  command "echo BUILD_CGI=1 > configure.local".  Then run "cp
   cgi.h.examples cgi.h" and edit cgi.h as desired.
   
 2. Run "./configure".  2. Run "./configure".
 This script attempts autoconfiguration of mandoc for your system.  This script attempts autoconfiguration of mandoc for your system.
Line 51  generates.  If anything looks wrong or different from 
Line 42  generates.  If anything looks wrong or different from 
 wish, read the file "configure.local.example", create and edit  wish, read the file "configure.local.example", create and edit
 a file "configure.local", and re-run "./configure" until the  a file "configure.local", and re-run "./configure" until the
 result seems right to you.  result seems right to you.
   On Solaris 10 and earlier, you may have to run "ksh ./configure"
   because the native /bin/sh lacks some POSIX features.
   
 3. Run "make".  3. Run "make".
 Any POSIX-compatible make, in particular both BSD make and GNU make,  Any POSIX-compatible make, in particular both BSD make and GNU make,
Line 58  should work.  If the build fails, look at "configure.l
Line 51  should work.  If the build fails, look at "configure.l
 and go back to step 2.  and go back to step 2.
   
 4. Run "make -n install" and check whether everything will be  4. Run "make -n install" and check whether everything will be
 installed to the intended places.  Otherwise, put some *DIR variables  installed to the intended places.  Otherwise, put some *DIR or *NM*
 into "configure.local" and go back to step 2.  variables into "configure.local" and go back to step 2.
   
 5. Run "sudo make install".  If you intend to build a binary  5. Run "sudo make install".  If you intend to build a binary
 package using some kind of fake root mechanism, you may need a  package using some kind of fake root mechanism, you may need a
 command like "make DESTDIR=... install".  Read the *-install targets  command like "make DESTDIR=... install".  Read the *-install targets
 in the "Makefile" to understand how DESTDIR is used.  in the "Makefile" to understand how DESTDIR is used.
   
 6. To set up a man.cgi(8) server, read its manual page.  6. If you want to use the integrated man(1) and your system uses
   manpath(1), make sure it is configured correctly, in particular,
   it returns all directory trees where manual pages are installed.
   Otherwise, if your system uses man.conf(5), make sure it contains
   a "manpath" line for each directory tree, and the order of these
   lines meets your wishes.
   
 7. To use mandoc(1) as your man(1) formatter, read the "Deployment"  7. If you compiled with database support, run the command "sudo
 section below.  makewhatis" to build mandoc.db(5) databases in all the directory
   trees configured in step 6.  Whenever installing new manual pages,
   re-run makewhatis(8) to update the databases, or apropos(1) will
   not find the new pages.
   
   8. To set up a man.cgi(8) server, read its manual page.
   
   Note that some man(7) pages may contain low-level roff(7) markup
   that mandoc does not yet understand.  On some BSD systems using
   mandoc, third-party software is vetted on whether it may be formatted
   with mandoc.  If not, groff(1) is pulled in as a dependency and
   used to install a pre-formatted "catpage" instead of directly as
   manual page source.
   
   
 Understanding mandoc dependencies  Understanding mandoc dependencies
 ---------------------------------  ---------------------------------
 The mandoc(1), preconv(1), and demandoc(1) utilities have no external  The mandoc(1), man(1), and demandoc(1) utilities only depend
 dependencies.  However, makewhatis(8) and apropos(1) depend on the  on the zlib library for decompressing gzipped manual pages,
 following software:  but makewhatis(8) and apropos(1) depend on the following
   additional software:
   
 1. The SQLite database system, see <http://sqlite.org/>.  1. The SQLite database system, see <http://sqlite.org/>.
 The recommended version of SQLite is 3.8.4.3 or newer.  The mandoc  The recommended version of SQLite is 3.8.4.3 or newer.  The mandoc
Line 88  fails due to the missing sqlite3_errstr() API.  Both a
Line 99  fails due to the missing sqlite3_errstr() API.  Both a
 problems, apropos(1) is fully usable with SQLite 3.7.5.  Versions  problems, apropos(1) is fully usable with SQLite 3.7.5.  Versions
 older than 3.7.5 may or may not work, they have not been tested.  older than 3.7.5 may or may not work, they have not been tested.
   
 1.2. The fts(3) directory traversion functions.  2. The fts(3) directory traversion functions.
 If your system does not have them, the bundled compatibility version  If your system does not have them, the bundled compatibility version
 will be used, so you need not worry in that case.  But be careful: the  will be used, so you need not worry in that case.  But be careful: the
 glibc version of fts(3) is known to be broken on 32bit platforms,  glibc version of fts(3) is known to be broken on 32bit platforms,
 see <https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=15838>.  see <https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=15838>.
 If you run into that problem, set "HAVE_FTS=0" in configure.local.  If you run into that problem, set "HAVE_FTS=0" in configure.local.
   
 1.3. Marc Espie's ohash(3) library.  3. Marc Espie's ohash(3) library.
 If your system does not have it, the bundled compatibility version  If your system does not have it, the bundled compatibility version
 will be used, so you probably need not worry about it.  will be used, so you probably need not worry about it.
   
   One of the chief design goals of the mandoc toolbox is to make
   sure that nothing related to documentation requires C++.
   Consequently, linking mandoc against any kind of C++ program
   would defeat the purpose and is not supported.
   
   
 Checking autoconfiguration quality  Checking autoconfiguration quality
 ----------------------------------  ----------------------------------
 If you want to check whether automatic configuration works well  If you want to check whether automatic configuration works well
Line 142  for unexpected failures.  Those are most likely to hap
Line 158  for unexpected failures.  Those are most likely to hap
 or libraries are installed in unusual places or interfaces defined  or libraries are installed in unusual places or interfaces defined
 in unusual headers.  You can also look at the file "config.h" and  in unusual headers.  You can also look at the file "config.h" and
 check that no "#define HAVE_*" differ from your expectations.  check that no "#define HAVE_*" differ from your expectations.
   
   
 Deployment  
 ----------  
 If you want to integrate the mandoc(1) tools with your existing  
 man(1) system as a formatter, then contact us first: on systems without  
 mandoc(1) as the default, you may have your work cut out for you!  
 Usually, you can have your default installation and mandoc(1) work right  
 alongside each other by using user-specific versions of the files  
 mentioned below.  
   
 0. Back up each file you want to change!  
   
 1. First see whether your system has "/etc/man.conf" or "/etc/manpath.conf"  
 (if it has neither, but man(1) is functional, then let us know) or,  
 if running as your own user, a per-user override file.  In either  
 case, find where man(1) is executing nroff(1) or groff(1) to format  
 manuals.  Replace these calls with mandoc(1).  
   
 2. Then make sure that man(1) isn't running preprocessors, so you may  
 need to replace tbl(1), eqn(1), and similar references with cat(1).  
 Some man(1) implementations, like that on Mac OSX, let you run "man -d"  
 to see how the formatter is invoked.  Use this to test your changes.  On  
 Mac OS X, for instance, man(1) will prepend all files with ".ll" and  
 ".nr" to set the terminal size, so you need to pass "tail -n+2 |  
 mandoc(1)" to disregard them.  
   
 3. Finally, make sure that mandoc(1) is actually being invoked instead  
 of cached pages being pulled up.  You can usually do this by commenting  
 out NOCACHE or similar.  
   
 mandoc(1) still has a long way to go in understanding non-trivial  
 low-level roff(7) markup embedded in some man(7) pages.  On the BSD  
 systems using mandoc(1), third-party software is generally vetted  
 on whether it may be formatted with mandoc(1).  If not, groff(1)  
 is pulled in as a dependency and used to install a pre-formatted  
 "catpage" intead of directly as manual page source.  
   
 For more background on switching operating systems to use mandoc(1)  
 instead of groff(1) to format manuals, see the two BSDCan presentations  
 by Ingo Schwarze:  
 <http://www.openbsd.org/papers/bsdcan11-mandoc-openbsd.html>  
 <http://www.openbsd.org/papers/bsdcan14-mandoc.pdf>  

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