mandoc/mandoc.1 - diff

Return to mandoc.1 CVS log

Up to [cvsweb.bsd.lv] / mandoc

Diff for /mandoc/mandoc.1 between version 1.116 and 1.133

version 1.116, 2014/10/10 08:44:24

version 1.133, 2015/01/20 21:16:51

Line 1

.\" $Id$

.\"

.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any

.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above

Line 27

.Sm off

.Op Fl I Cm os Li = Ar name

.Sm on

.Op Fl K Ns Ar encoding

.Op Fl m Ns Ar format

.Op Fl O Ns Ar option

.Op Fl T Ns Ar output

Line 48 or

Line 49 or

text from stdin, implying

.Fl m Ns Cm andoc ,

and produces

.Fl T Ns Cm ascii

.Fl T Ns Cm locale

output.

.Pp

The options are as follows:

Line 84 Override the default operating system

Line 85 Override the default operating system

for the

.Xr mdoc 7

.Sq \&Os

and for the

.Xr man 7

.Sq \&TH

macro.

.It Fl h

Display only the SYNOPSIS lines.

Implies

.Fl a .

.Fl c .

.It Fl K Ns Ar encoding

Specify the input encoding.

The supported

.Ar encoding

arguments are

.Cm us-ascii ,

.Cm iso-8859-1 ,

and

.Cm utf-8 .

If not specified, autodetection uses the first match:

.Bl -tag -width iso-8859-1

.It Cm utf-8

if the first three bytes of the input file

are the UTF-8 byte order mark (BOM, 0xefbbbf)

.It Ar encoding

if the first or second line of the input file matches the

.Sy emacs

mode line format

.Pp

.D1 .\e" -*- Oo ...; Oc coding: Ar encoding ; No -*-

.It Cm utf-8

if the first non-ASCII byte in the file introduces a valid UTF-8 sequence

.It Cm iso-8859-1

otherwise

.El

.It Fl k

A synonym for

.Xr apropos 1 .

Line 120 See

Line 149 See

.Sx Output Formats

for available formats.

Defaults to

.Fl T Ns Cm ascii .

.Fl T Ns Cm locale .

.It Fl V

Print version and exit.

.It Fl W Ns Ar level

Line 133 can be

Line 162 can be

.Cm warning ,

.Cm error ,

.Cm fatal .

.Cm unsupp ;

The default is

.Cm all

.Fl W Ns Cm fatal ;

.Fl W Ns Cm all

is an alias for

.Fl W Ns Cm warning .

.Cm warning .

By default,

.Nm

is silent.

See

.Sx EXIT STATUS

and

Line 229 arguments, which correspond to output modes:

Line 259 arguments, which correspond to output modes:

.Bl -tag -width "-Tlocale"

.It Fl T Ns Cm ascii

Produce 7-bit ASCII output.

This is the default.

See

.Sx ASCII Output .

.It Fl T Ns Cm html

Line 242 Implies

Line 271 Implies

.Fl W Ns Cm warning .

.It Fl T Ns Cm locale

Encode output using the current locale.

This is the default.

See

.Sx Locale Output .

.It Fl T Ns Cm man

Line 273 If multiple input files are specified, these will be p

Line 303 If multiple input files are specified, these will be p

corresponding filter in-order.

.Ss ASCII Output

Output produced by

.Fl T Ns Cm ascii ,

.Fl T Ns Cm ascii

which is the default, is rendered in standard 7-bit ASCII documented in

is rendered in standard 7-bit ASCII documented in

.Xr ascii 7 .

.Pp

Font styles are applied by using back-spaced encoding such that an

Line 342 The following

Line 372 The following

arguments are accepted:

.Bl -tag -width Ds

.It Cm fragment

Omit the

Omit the <!DOCTYPE> declaration and the <html>, <head>, and <body>

.Aq !DOCTYPE

elements and only emit the subtree below the <body> element.

declaration and the

.Aq html ,

.Aq head ,

and

.Aq body

elements and only emit the subtree below the

.Aq body

element.

The

.Cm style

argument will be ignored.

Line 395 relative URI.

Line 417 relative URI.

.Ss Locale Output

Locale-depending output encoding is triggered with

.Fl T Ns Cm locale .

This is the default.

.Pp

This option is not available on all systems: systems without locale

support, or those whose internal representation is not natively UCS-4,

will fall back to

Line 509 At least one warning occurred, but no error, and

Line 533 At least one warning occurred, but no error, and

.Fl W Ns Cm warning

was specified.

.It 3

At least one parsing error occurred, but no fatal error, and

At least one parsing error occurred,

but no unsupported feature was encountered, and

.Fl W Ns Cm error

.Fl W Ns Cm warning

was specified.

.It 4

A fatal parsing error occurred.

At least on unsupported feature was encountered, and

.Fl W Ns Cm unsupp ,

.Fl W Ns Cm error

.Fl W Ns Cm warning

was specified.

.It 5

Invalid command line arguments were specified.

No input files have been read.

.It 6

An operating system error occurred, for example memory exhaustion or an

An operating system error occurred, for example exhaustion

error accessing input files.

of memory, file descriptors, or process table entries.

Such errors cause

.Nm

to exit at once, possibly in the middle of parsing or formatting a file.

Line 580 fields.

Line 610 fields.

.Pp

Message levels have the following meanings:

.Bl -tag -width "warning"

.It Cm syserr

.It Cm unsupp

Opening or reading an input file failed, so the parser cannot

An input file uses unsupported low-level

even be started and no output is produced from that input file.

.Xr roff 7

.It Cm fatal

features.

The parser is unable to parse a given input file at all.

The output may be incomplete and/or misformatted,

No formatted output is produced from that input file.

so using GNU troff instead of

.It Cm error

An input file contains syntax that cannot be safely interpreted,

either because it is invalid or because

.Nm

does not implement it yet.

to process the file may be preferable.

.It Cm error

An input file contains invalid syntax that cannot be safely interpreted.

By discarding part of the input or inserting missing tokens,

the parser is able to continue, and the error does not prevent

generation of formatted output, but typically, preparing that

output involves information loss, broken document structure

or unintended formatting.

or unintended formatting, no matter whether

.Nm

or GNU troff is used.

In many cases, the output of

.Nm

and GNU troff is identical, but in some,

.Nm

is more resilient than GNU troff with respect to malformed input.

.Pp

Non-existent or unreadable input files are also reported on the

.Cm error

level.

In that case, the parser cannot even be started and no output

is produced from those input files.

.It Cm warning

An input file uses obsolete, discouraged or non-portable syntax.

All the same, the meaning of the input is unambiguous and a correct

Line 606 formatting tools instead of

Line 648 formatting tools instead of

.El

.Pp

Messages of the

.Cm warning

.Cm warning ,

.Cm error ,

and

.Cm error

.Cm unsupp

levels are hidden unless their level, or a lower level, is requested using a

levels except those about non-existent or unreadable input files

are hidden unless their level, or a lower level, is requested using a

.Fl W

option or

.Fl T Ns Cm lint

Line 647 macro lacks the mandatory section argument.

Line 691 macro lacks the mandatory section argument.

The section number in a

.Ic \&Dt

line is invalid, but still used.

.It Sy "unknown manual volume or arch"

.Pq mdoc

The volume name in a

.Ic \&Dt

line is invalid, but still used.

The manual is assumed to be architecture-independent.

.It Sy "missing date, using today's date"

.Pq mdoc, man

The document was parsed as

Line 791 Probably, there are author names lacking markup.

Line 829 Probably, there are author names lacking markup.

See the

.Xr mdoc 7

manual for replacements.

.It Sy "macro neither callable nor escaped"

.Pq mdoc

The name of a macro that is not callable appears on a macro line.

It is printed verbatim.

If the intention is to call it, move it to its own line;

otherwise, escape it by prepending

.Sq \e& .

.It Sy "skipping paragraph macro"

.Xr mdoc 7

Line 911 The previous, interrupted macro is deleted from the pa

Line 956 The previous, interrupted macro is deleted from the pa

.Ss "Warnings related to missing arguments"

.Bl -ohang

.It Sy "skipping empty request"

.Pq roff

.Pq roff , eqn

The macro name is missing from a macro definition request.

The macro name is missing from a macro definition request,

or an

.Xr eqn 7

control statement or operation keyword lacks its required argument.

.It Sy "conditional request controls empty scope"

.Pq roff

A conditional request is only useful if any of the following

Line 1032 argument is invalid.

Line 1080 argument is invalid.

The default font

.Cm \efR

is used instead.

.It Sy "nothing follows prefix"

.Pq mdoc

.Ic \&Pf

macro has no argument, or only one argument and no macro follows

on the same input line.

This defeats its purpose; in particular, spacing is not suppressed

before the text or macros following on the next input line.

.It Sy "missing -std argument, adding it"

.Pq mdoc

Line 1046 The

Line 1102 The

utility assumes

.Fl std

even when it is not specified, but other implementations may not.

.It Sy "missing eqn box, using \(dq\(dq"

.Pq eqn

A diacritic mark or a binary operator is found,

but there is nothing to the left of it.

An empty box is inserted.

.El

.Ss "Warnings related to bad macro arguments"

.Bl -ohang

Line 1120 An argument of an

Line 1181 An argument of an

.Ic \&Fn

macro contains a comma; it should probably be split into two arguments.

.It Sy "parenthesis in function name"

.Pq mdoc

The first argument of an

.Ic \&Fc

.Ic \&Fn

macro contains an opening or closing parenthesis; that's probably wrong,

parentheses are added automatically.

.It Sy "invalid content in Rs block"

.Pq mdoc

Line 1210 keeps the code more readable.

Line 1279 keeps the code more readable.

.It "equation scope open on exit"

.It "overlapping equation scopes"

.It "unexpected end of equation"

.It "equation syntax error"

.El

.Ss "Errors related to tables"

.Bl -inset -compact

.It "bad table syntax"

.It "bad table option"

.It "bad table layout"

.It "no table layout cells specified"

.It "no table data cells specified"

.It "ignore data in cell"

Line 1263 or

Line 1328 or

macro.

It may be mistyped or unsupported.

The request or macro is discarded including its arguments.

.It Sy "skipping insecure request"

.Pq roff

An input file attempted to run a shell command

or to read or write an external file.

Such attempts are denied for security reasons.

.It Sy "skipping item outside list"

.Pq mdoc

.Pq mdoc , eqn

.Ic \&It

macro occurs outside any

.Ic \&Bl

list.

list, or an

.Xr eqn 7

.Ic above

delimiter occurs outside any pile.

It is discarded including its arguments.

.It Sy "skipping column outside column list"

.Pq mdoc

Line 1290 block closing macro, a

Line 1363 block closing macro, a

.Ic \&RE

.Ic \&UE

macro, or the end of an equation, table, or

macro, an

.Xr eqn 7

right delimiter or closing brace, or the end of an equation, table, or

.Xr roff 7

conditional request is encountered but no matching block is open.

The offending request or macro is discarded.

Line 1358 The indicated request or macro has too few or too many

Line 1433 The indicated request or macro has too few or too many

The syntax tree will contain the wrong number of arguments as given.

Formatting behaviour depends on the specific request or macro in question.

Note that the same message may also occur as a WARNING, see above.

.It Sy "NOT IMPLEMENTED: Bd -file"

.Pq mdoc

For security reasons, the

.Ic \&Bd

macro does not support the

.Fl file

argument.

By requesting the inclusion of a sensitive file, a malicious document

might otherwise trick a privileged user into inadvertently displaying

the file on the screen, revealing the file content to bystanders.

The argument is ignored including the file name following it.

.It Sy "missing list type, using -item"

.Pq mdoc

Line 1387 An

Line 1473 An

.Ic \&St

macro has an unknown argument and is discarded.

.It Sy "skipping request without numeric argument"

.Pq roff

.Pq roff , eqn

.Ic \&it

request has a non-numeric or negative argument or no argument at all.

request or an

The invalid request is ignored.

.Xr eqn 7

.Ic \&size

.Ic \&gsize

statement has a non-numeric or negative argument or no argument at all.

The invalid request or statement is ignored.

.It Sy "NOT IMPLEMENTED: .so with absolute path or \(dq..\(dq"

.Pq roff

For security reasons,

.Nm

allows

.Ic \&so

file inclusion requests only with relative paths

and only without ascending to any parent directory.

By requesting the inclusion of a sensitive file, a malicious document

might otherwise trick a privileged user into inadvertently displaying

the file on the screen, revealing the file content to bystanders.

.Nm

only shows the path as it appears behind

.Ic \&so .

.It Sy ".so request failed"

.Pq roff

Servicing a

.Ic \&so

request requires reading an external file, but the file could not be

opened.

.Nm

only shows the path as it appears behind

.Ic \&so .

.It Sy "skipping all arguments"

.Pq mdoc , man , eqn , roff

Line 1414 or

Line 1528 or

.Ic \&PP

macro, an

.Xr eqn 7

.Ic \&EQ

.Ic \&EN

macro, or a

.Xr roff 7

Line 1429 macro is invoked with more than one argument, or a req

Line 1545 macro is invoked with more than one argument, or a req

family is invoked with more than two arguments.

The excess arguments are ignored.

.El

.Ss FATAL errors

.Ss Unsupported features

.Bl -ohang

.It Sy "input too large"

.Pq mdoc , man

Line 1439 cannot handle input files larger than its arbitrary si

Line 1555 cannot handle input files larger than its arbitrary si

of 2^31 bytes (2 Gigabytes).

Since useful manuals are always small, this is not a problem in practice.

Parsing is aborted as soon as the condition is detected.

.It Sy "NOT IMPLEMENTED: Bd -file"

.It Sy "unsupported roff request"

.Pq mdoc

For security reasons, the

.Ic \&Bd

macro does not support the

.Fl file

argument.

By requesting the inclusion of a sensitive file, a malicious document

might otherwise trick a privileged user into inadvertently displaying

the file on the screen, revealing the file content to bystanders.

The parser exits immediately.

.It Sy "NOT IMPLEMENTED: .so with absolute path or \(dq..\(dq"

.Pq roff

For security reasons,

An input file contains a

.Nm

.Xr roff 7

allows

request supported by GNU troff or Heirloom troff but not by

.Ic \&so

.Nm ,

file inclusion requests only with relative paths

and it is likely that this will cause information loss

and only without ascending to any parent directory.

or considerable misformatting.

By requesting the inclusion of a sensitive file, a malicious document

.It Sy "bad table syntax"

might otherwise trick a privileged user into inadvertently displaying

.It Sy "bad table option"

the file on the screen, revealing the file content to bystanders.

.It Sy "bad table layout"

The parser exits immediately.

.It Sy "ignoring macro in table"

.It Sy ".so request failed"

.Pq roff

Servicing a

.Ic \&so

request requires reading an external file.

While trying to do so, an

.Xr open 2 ,

.Xr stat 2 ,

.Xr read 2

system call failed.

The parser exits immediately.

Before showing this message,

.Nm

always shows another message explaining why the system call failed.

.El

.Sh COMPATIBILITY

This section summarises

CVSweb