=================================================================== RCS file: /cvs/mandoc/mandoc.3,v retrieving revision 1.7 retrieving revision 1.32 diff -u -p -r1.7 -r1.32 --- mandoc/mandoc.3 2011/05/17 11:50:20 1.7 +++ mandoc/mandoc.3 2015/07/19 06:05:16 1.32 @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -.\" $Id: mandoc.3,v 1.7 2011/05/17 11:50:20 kristaps Exp $ +.\" $Id: mandoc.3,v 1.32 2015/07/19 06:05:16 schwarze Exp $ .\" .\" Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2011 Kristaps Dzonsons -.\" Copyright (c) 2010 Ingo Schwarze +.\" Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, 2014, 2015 Ingo Schwarze .\" .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above @@ -15,26 +15,23 @@ .\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF .\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. .\" -.Dd $Mdocdate: May 17 2011 $ +.Dd $Mdocdate: July 19 2015 $ .Dt MANDOC 3 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm mandoc , -.Nm mandoc_escape , +.Nm man_deroff , .Nm man_meta , +.Nm man_mparse , .Nm man_node , -.Nm mchars_alloc , -.Nm mchars_free , -.Nm mchars_num2char , -.Nm mchars_num2uc , -.Nm mchars_res2cp , -.Nm mchars_res2str , -.Nm mchars_spec2cp , -.Nm mchars_spec2str , +.Nm mdoc_deroff , .Nm mdoc_meta , .Nm mdoc_node , .Nm mparse_alloc , .Nm mparse_free , +.Nm mparse_getkeep , +.Nm mparse_keep , +.Nm mparse_open , .Nm mparse_readfd , .Nm mparse_reset , .Nm mparse_result , @@ -42,77 +39,46 @@ .Nm mparse_strlevel .Nd mandoc macro compiler library .Sh SYNOPSIS -.In man.h -.In mdoc.h +.In sys/types.h .In mandoc.h -.Ft "enum mandoc_esc" -.Fo mandoc_escape -.Fa "const char **in" -.Fa "const char **seq" -.Fa "int *len" +.Pp +.Fd "#define ASCII_NBRSP" +.Fd "#define ASCII_HYPH" +.Fd "#define ASCII_BREAK" +.Ft struct mparse * +.Fo mparse_alloc +.Fa "int options" +.Fa "enum mandoclevel wlevel" +.Fa "mandocmsg mmsg" +.Fa "const struct mchars *mchars" +.Fa "char *defos" .Fc -.Ft "const struct man_meta *" -.Fo man_meta -.Fa "const struct man *man" +.Ft void +.Fo (*mandocmsg) +.Fa "enum mandocerr errtype" +.Fa "enum mandoclevel level" +.Fa "const char *file" +.Fa "int line" +.Fa "int col" +.Fa "const char *msg" .Fc -.Ft "const struct man_node *" -.Fo man_node -.Fa "const struct man *man" -.Fc -.Ft "struct mchars *" -.Fn mchars_alloc .Ft void -.Fn mchars_free "struct mchars *p" -.Ft char -.Fn mchars_num2char "const char *cp" "size_t sz" -.Ft int -.Fn mchars_num2uc "const char *cp" "size_t sz" -.Ft "const char *" -.Fo mchars_res2str -.Fa "struct mchars *p" -.Fa "const char *cp" -.Fa "size_t sz" -.Fa "size_t *rsz" +.Fo mparse_free +.Fa "struct mparse *parse" .Fc -.Ft int -.Fo mchars_res2cp -.Fa "struct mchars *p" -.Fa "const char *cp" -.Fa "size_t sz" -.Ft "const char *" +.Ft const char * +.Fo mparse_getkeep +.Fa "const struct mparse *parse" .Fc -.Ft "const char *" -.Fo mchars_spec2str -.Fa "struct mchars *p" -.Fa "const char *cp" -.Fa "size_t sz" -.Fa "size_t *rsz" -.Fc -.Ft int -.Fo mchars_spec2cp -.Fa "struct mchars *p" -.Fa "const char *cp" -.Fa "size_t sz" -.Ft "const char *" -.Fc -.Ft "const struct mdoc_meta *" -.Fo mdoc_meta -.Fa "const struct mdoc *mdoc" -.Fc -.Ft "const struct mdoc_node *" -.Fo mdoc_node -.Fa "const struct mdoc *mdoc" -.Fc .Ft void -.Fo mparse_alloc -.Fa "enum mparset type" -.Fa "enum mandoclevel wlevel" -.Fa "mandocmsg msg" -.Fa "void *msgarg" +.Fo mparse_keep +.Fa "struct mparse *parse" .Fc -.Ft void -.Fo mparse_free +.Ft "enum mandoclevel" +.Fo mparse_open .Fa "struct mparse *parse" +.Fa "int *fd" +.Fa "const char *fname" .Fc .Ft "enum mandoclevel" .Fo mparse_readfd @@ -129,6 +95,7 @@ .Fa "struct mparse *parse" .Fa "struct mdoc **mdoc" .Fa "struct man **man" +.Fa "char **sodest" .Fc .Ft "const char *" .Fo mparse_strerror @@ -138,11 +105,45 @@ .Fo mparse_strlevel .Fa "enum mandoclevel" .Fc -.Vt extern const char * const * man_macronames; +.In sys/types.h +.In mandoc.h +.In mdoc.h +.Ft void +.Fo mdoc_deroff +.Fa "char **dest" +.Fa "const struct mdoc_node *node" +.Fc +.Ft "const struct mdoc_meta *" +.Fo mdoc_meta +.Fa "const struct mdoc *mdoc" +.Fc +.Ft "const struct mdoc_node *" +.Fo mdoc_node +.Fa "const struct mdoc *mdoc" +.Fc .Vt extern const char * const * mdoc_argnames; .Vt extern const char * const * mdoc_macronames; -.Fd "#define ASCII_NBRSP" -.Fd "#define ASCII_HYPH" +.In sys/types.h +.In mandoc.h +.In man.h +.Ft void +.Fo man_deroff +.Fa "char **dest" +.Fa "const struct man_node *node" +.Fc +.Ft "const struct man_meta *" +.Fo man_meta +.Fa "const struct man *man" +.Fc +.Ft "const struct mparse *" +.Fo man_mparse +.Fa "const struct man *man" +.Fc +.Ft "const struct man_node *" +.Fo man_node +.Fa "const struct man *man" +.Fc +.Vt extern const char * const * man_macronames; .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm mandoc @@ -165,12 +166,19 @@ The following describes a general parse sequence: .Bl -enum .It initiate a parsing sequence with +.Xr mchars_alloc 3 +and .Fn mparse_alloc ; .It -parse files or file descriptors with +open a file with +.Xr open 2 +or +.Fn mparse_open ; +.It +parse it with .Fn mparse_readfd ; .It -retrieve a parsed syntax tree, if the parse was successful, with +retrieve the syntax tree with .Fn mparse_result ; .It iterate over parse nodes with @@ -179,153 +187,265 @@ or .Fn man_node ; .It free all allocated memory with -.Fn mparse_free , +.Fn mparse_free +and +.Xr mchars_free 3 , or invoke .Fn mparse_reset and parse new files. .El -.Pp -The -.Nm -library also contains routines for translating character strings into glyphs -.Pq see Fn mchars_alloc -and parsing escape sequences from strings -.Pq see Fn mandoc_escape . -.Pp -This library is -.Ud .Sh REFERENCE This section documents the functions, types, and variables available via -.In mandoc.h . +.In mandoc.h , +with the exception of those documented in +.Xr mandoc_escape 3 +and +.Xr mchars_alloc 3 . .Ss Types .Bl -ohang -.It Vt "enum mandoc_esc" .It Vt "enum mandocerr" +An error or warning message during parsing. .It Vt "enum mandoclevel" +A classification of an +.Vt "enum mandocerr" +as regards system operation. .It Vt "struct mchars" -An opaque pointer to an object allowing for translation between -character strings and glyphs. -See -.Fn mchars_alloc . -.It Vt "enum mparset" +An opaque pointer to a a character table. +Created with +.Xr mchars_alloc 3 +and freed with +.Xr mchars_free 3 . .It Vt "struct mparse" +An opaque pointer to a running parse sequence. +Created with +.Fn mparse_alloc +and freed with +.Fn mparse_free . +This may be used across parsed input if +.Fn mparse_reset +is called between parses. .It Vt "mandocmsg" +A prototype for a function to handle error and warning +messages emitted by the parser. .El .Ss Functions .Bl -ohang -.It Fn mandoc_escape -Scan an escape sequence, i.e., a character string beginning with -.Sq \e . -Pass a pointer to this string as -.Va end ; -it will be set to the supremum of the parsed escape sequence unless -returning ESCAPE_ERROR, in which case the string is bogus and should be -thrown away. -If not ESCAPE_ERROR or ESCAPE_IGNORE, -.Va start -is set to the first relevant character of the substring (font, glyph, -whatever) of length -.Va sz . -Both -.Va start -and -.Va sz -may be NULL. +.It Fn man_deroff +Obtain a text-only representation of a +.Vt struct man_node , +including text contained in its child nodes. +To be used on children of the pointer returned from +.Fn man_node . +When it is no longer needed, the pointer returned from +.Fn man_deroff +can be passed to +.Xr free 3 . .It Fn man_meta -Obtain the meta-data of a successful parse. +Obtain the meta-data of a successful +.Xr man 7 +parse. This may only be used on a pointer returned by .Fn mparse_result . +Declared in +.In man.h , +implemented in +.Pa man.c . +.It Fn man_mparse +Get the parser used for the current output. +Declared in +.In man.h , +implemented in +.Pa man.c . .It Fn man_node -Obtain the root node of a successful parse. +Obtain the root node of a successful +.Xr man 7 +parse. This may only be used on a pointer returned by .Fn mparse_result . -.It Fn mchars_alloc -Allocate an -.Vt "struct mchars *" -object for translating special characters into glyphs. -See -.Xr mandoc_char 7 -for an overview of special characters. -The object must be freed with -.Fn mchars_free . -.It Fn mchars_free -Free an object created with -.Fn mchars_alloc . -.It Fn mchars_num2char -Convert a character index (e.g., the \eN\(aq\(aq escape) into a -printable ASCII character. -Returns \e0 (the nil character) if the input sequence is malformed. -.It Fn mchars_num2uc -Convert a hexadecimal character index (e.g., the \e[uNNNN] escape) into -a Unicode codepoint. -Returns \e0 (the nil character) if the input sequence is malformed. -.It Fn mchars_res2cp -Convert a predefined character into a valid Unicode codepoint. -Returns \-1 on failure and 0 if no code-point exists (if this occurs, -the caller should fall back to -.Fn mchars_res2str ) . -.It Fn mchars_res2str -Convert a predefined character into an ASCII string. -Returns NULL on failure. -.It Fn mchars_spec2cp -Convert a special character into a valid Unicode codepoint. -Returns \-1 on failure and 0 if no code-point exists (if this occurs, -the caller should fall back to -.Fn mchars_spec2str ) . -.It Fn mchars_spec2str -Convert a special character into an ASCII string. -Returns NULL on failure. +Declared in +.In man.h , +implemented in +.Pa man.c . +.It Fn mdoc_deroff +Obtain a text-only representation of a +.Vt struct mdoc_node , +including text contained in its child nodes. +To be used on children of the pointer returned from +.Fn mdoc_node . +When it is no longer needed, the pointer returned from +.Fn mdoc_deroff +can be passed to +.Xr free 3 . .It Fn mdoc_meta -Obtain the meta-data of a successful parse. +Obtain the meta-data of a successful +.Xr mdoc +parse. This may only be used on a pointer returned by .Fn mparse_result . +Declared in +.In mdoc.h , +implemented in +.Pa mdoc.c . .It Fn mdoc_node -Obtain the root node of a successful parse. +Obtain the root node of a successful +.Xr mdoc +parse. This may only be used on a pointer returned by .Fn mparse_result . +Declared in +.In mdoc.h , +implemented in +.Pa mdoc.c . .It Fn mparse_alloc Allocate a parser. +The arguments have the following effect: +.Bl -tag -offset 5n -width inttype +.It Ar options +When the +.Dv MPARSE_MDOC +or +.Dv MPARSE_MAN +bit is set, only that parser is used. +Otherwise, the document type is automatically detected. +.Pp +When the +.Dv MPARSE_SO +bit is set, +.Xr roff 7 +.Ic \&so +file inclusion requests are always honoured. +Otherwise, if the request is the only content in an input file, +only the file name is remembered, to be returned in the +.Fa sodest +argument of +.Fn mparse_result . +.Pp +When the +.Dv MPARSE_QUICK +bit is set, parsing is aborted after the NAME section. +This is for example useful in +.Xr makewhatis 8 +.Fl Q +to quickly build minimal databases. +.It Ar wlevel +Can be set to +.Dv MANDOCLEVEL_BADARG , +.Dv MANDOCLEVEL_ERROR , +or +.Dv MANDOCLEVEL_WARNING . +Messages below the selected level will be suppressed. +.It Ar mmsg +A callback function to handle errors and warnings. +See +.Pa main.c +for an example. +.It Ar mchars +An opaque pointer to a a character table obtained from +.Xr mchars_alloc 3 . +.It Ar defos +A default string for the +.Xr mdoc 7 +.Sq \&Os +macro, overriding the +.Dv OSNAME +preprocessor definition and the results of +.Xr uname 3 . +.El +.Pp The same parser may be used for multiple files so long as .Fn mparse_reset is called between parses. .Fn mparse_free must be called to free the memory allocated by this function. +Declared in +.In mandoc.h , +implemented in +.Pa read.c . .It Fn mparse_free Free all memory allocated by .Fn mparse_alloc . +Declared in +.In mandoc.h , +implemented in +.Pa read.c . +.It Fn mparse_getkeep +Acquire the keep buffer. +Must follow a call of +.Fn mparse_keep . +Declared in +.In mandoc.h , +implemented in +.Pa read.c . +.It Fn mparse_keep +Instruct the parser to retain a copy of its parsed input. +This can be acquired with subsequent +.Fn mparse_getkeep +calls. +Declared in +.In mandoc.h , +implemented in +.Pa read.c . +.It Fn mparse_open +Open the file for reading. +If that fails and +.Fa fname +does not already end in +.Ql .gz , +try again after appending +.Ql .gz . +Save the information whether the file is zipped or not. +Return a file descriptor open for reading in +.Fa fd , +or -1 on failure. +It can be passed to +.Fn mparse_readfd +or used directly. +Declared in +.In mandoc.h , +implemented in +.Pa read.c . .It Fn mparse_readfd -Parse a file or file descriptor. -If -.Va fd -is -1, -.Va fname -is opened for reading. -Otherwise, -.Va fname -is assumed to be the name associated with -.Va fd . -This may be called multiple times with different parameters; however, +Parse a file descriptor opened with +.Xr open 2 +or +.Fn mparse_open . +Pass the associated filename in +.Va fname . +This function may be called multiple times with different parameters; however, .Fn mparse_reset should be invoked between parses. +Declared in +.In mandoc.h , +implemented in +.Pa read.c . .It Fn mparse_reset Reset a parser so that .Fn mparse_readfd may be used again. +Declared in +.In mandoc.h , +implemented in +.Pa read.c . .It Fn mparse_result Obtain the result of a parse. -Only successful parses -.Po -i.e., those where -.Fn mparse_readfd -returned less than MANDOCLEVEL_FATAL -.Pc -should invoke this function, in which case one of the two pointers will -be filled in. +One of the three pointers will be filled in. +Declared in +.In mandoc.h , +implemented in +.Pa read.c . .It Fn mparse_strerror Return a statically-allocated string representation of an error code. +Declared in +.In mandoc.h , +implemented in +.Pa read.c . .It Fn mparse_strlevel Return a statically-allocated string representation of a level code. +Declared in +.In mandoc.h , +implemented in +.Pa read.c . .El .Ss Variables .Bl -ohang @@ -344,7 +464,36 @@ This section consists of structural documentation for .Xr mdoc 7 and .Xr man 7 -syntax trees. +syntax trees and strings. +.Ss Man and Mdoc Strings +Strings may be extracted from mdoc and man meta-data, or from text +nodes (MDOC_TEXT and MAN_TEXT, respectively). +These strings have special non-printing formatting cues embedded in the +text itself, as well as +.Xr roff 7 +escapes preserved from input. +Implementing systems will need to handle both situations to produce +human-readable text. +In general, strings may be assumed to consist of 7-bit ASCII characters. +.Pp +The following non-printing characters may be embedded in text strings: +.Bl -tag -width Ds +.It Dv ASCII_NBRSP +A non-breaking space character. +.It Dv ASCII_HYPH +A soft hyphen. +.It Dv ASCII_BREAK +A breakable zero-width space. +.El +.Pp +Escape characters are also passed verbatim into text strings. +An escape character is a sequence of characters beginning with the +backslash +.Pq Sq \e . +To construct human-readable text, these should be intercepted with +.Xr mandoc_escape 3 +and converted with one the functions described in +.Xr mchars_alloc 3 . .Ss Man Abstract Syntax Tree This AST is governed by the ontological rules dictated in .Xr man 7 @@ -385,11 +534,11 @@ where capitalised non-terminals represent nodes. .It ELEMENT \(<- ELEMENT | TEXT* .It TEXT -\(<- [[:alpha:]]* +\(<- [[:ascii:]]* .El .Pp The only elements capable of nesting other elements are those with -next-lint scope as documented in +next-line scope as documented in .Xr man 7 . .Ss Mdoc Abstract Syntax Tree This AST is governed by the ontological @@ -444,7 +593,7 @@ where capitalised non-terminals represent nodes. .It TAIL \(<- mnode* .It TEXT -\(<- [[:printable:],0x1e]* +\(<- [[:ascii:]]* .El .Pp Of note are the TEXT nodes following the HEAD, BODY and TAIL nodes of @@ -525,10 +674,13 @@ front-ends to .Xr mandoc 1 are unable to render them in any meaningful way. Furthermore, behaviour when encountering badly-nested blocks is not -consistent across troff implementations, especially when using multiple +consistent across troff implementations, especially when using multiple levels of badly-nested blocks. .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr mandoc 1 , +.Xr mandoc_escape 3 , +.Xr mandoc_malloc 3 , +.Xr mchars_alloc 3 , .Xr eqn 7 , .Xr man 7 , .Xr mandoc_char 7 , @@ -539,4 +691,4 @@ levels of badly-nested blocks. The .Nm library was written by -.An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq kristaps@bsd.lv . +.An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq Mt kristaps@bsd.lv .