version 1.247, 2014/12/31 20:42:31 |
version 1.259, 2016/12/28 17:34:18 |
Line 304 Print verbose information. |
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Line 304 Print verbose information. |
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\&.El |
\&.El |
.Ed |
.Ed |
.Pp |
.Pp |
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List the options in alphabetical order, |
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uppercase before lowercase for each letter and |
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with no regard to whether an option takes an argument. |
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Put digits in ascending order before all letter options. |
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.Pp |
Manuals not documenting a command won't include the above fragment. |
Manuals not documenting a command won't include the above fragment. |
.Pp |
.Pp |
Since the |
Since the |
Line 454 in the alphabetical |
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Line 459 in the alphabetical |
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.Op Fl compact |
.Op Fl compact |
.It Sx \&D1 Ta indented display (one line) |
.It Sx \&D1 Ta indented display (one line) |
.It Sx \&Dl Ta indented literal display (one line) |
.It Sx \&Dl Ta indented literal display (one line) |
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.It Sx \&Ql Ta in-line literal display: Ql text |
.It Sx \&Bl , \&El Ta list block: |
.It Sx \&Bl , \&El Ta list block: |
.Fl Ar type |
.Fl Ar type |
.Op Fl width Ar val |
.Op Fl width Ar val |
Line 528 in the alphabetical |
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Line 534 in the alphabetical |
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.It Sx \&Dq , \&Do , \&Dc Ta enclose in typographic double quotes: Dq text |
.It Sx \&Dq , \&Do , \&Dc Ta enclose in typographic double quotes: Dq text |
.It Sx \&Qq , \&Qo , \&Qc Ta enclose in typewriter double quotes: Qq text |
.It Sx \&Qq , \&Qo , \&Qc Ta enclose in typewriter double quotes: Qq text |
.It Sx \&Sq , \&So , \&Sc Ta enclose in single quotes: Sq text |
.It Sx \&Sq , \&So , \&Sc Ta enclose in single quotes: Sq text |
.It Sx \&Ql Ta single-quoted literal text: Ql text |
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.It Sx \&Pq , \&Po , \&Pc Ta enclose in parentheses: Pq text |
.It Sx \&Pq , \&Po , \&Pc Ta enclose in parentheses: Pq text |
.It Sx \&Bq , \&Bo , \&Bc Ta enclose in square brackets: Bq text |
.It Sx \&Bq , \&Bo , \&Bc Ta enclose in square brackets: Bq text |
.It Sx \&Brq , \&Bro , \&Brc Ta enclose in curly braces: Brq text |
.It Sx \&Brq , \&Bro , \&Brc Ta enclose in curly braces: Brq text |
|
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must be one of the following: |
must be one of the following: |
.Bl -tag -width 13n -offset indent |
.Bl -tag -width 13n -offset indent |
.It Fl centered |
.It Fl centered |
Produce one output line from each input line, and centre-justify each line. |
Produce one output line from each input line, and center-justify each line. |
Using this display type is not recommended; many |
Using this display type is not recommended; many |
.Nm |
.Nm |
implementations render it poorly. |
implementations render it poorly. |
Line 822 which has no effect; |
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Line 827 which has no effect; |
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.Cm right , |
.Cm right , |
which justifies to the right margin; or |
which justifies to the right margin; or |
.Cm center , |
.Cm center , |
which aligns around an imagined centre axis. |
which aligns around an imagined center axis. |
.It |
.It |
A macro invocation, which selects a predefined width |
A macro invocation, which selects a predefined width |
associated with that macro. |
associated with that macro. |
|
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.Dl \&.Dl % mandoc mdoc.7 \e(ba less |
.Dl \&.Dl % mandoc mdoc.7 \e(ba less |
.Pp |
.Pp |
See also |
See also |
|
.Sx \&Ql , |
.Sx \&Bd |
.Sx \&Bd |
|
.Fl literal , |
and |
and |
.Sx \&D1 . |
.Sx \&D1 . |
.Ss \&Do |
.Ss \&Do |
|
|
A function name. |
A function name. |
Its syntax is as follows: |
Its syntax is as follows: |
.Bd -ragged -offset indent |
.Bd -ragged -offset indent |
.Pf \. Ns Sx \&Fn |
.Pf . Sx \&Fn |
.Op Ar functype |
.Op Ar functype |
.Ar funcname |
.Ar funcname |
.Op Oo Ar argtype Oc Ar argname |
.Op Oo Ar argtype Oc Ar argname |
Line 1756 is preferred for displaying code; the |
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Line 1763 is preferred for displaying code; the |
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.Sx \&Ic |
.Sx \&Ic |
macro is used when referring to specific instructions. |
macro is used when referring to specific instructions. |
.Ss \&In |
.Ss \&In |
An |
The name of an include file. |
.Dq include |
This macro is most often used in section 2, 3, and 9 manual pages. |
file. |
.Pp |
When invoked as the first macro on an input line in the |
When invoked as the first macro on an input line in the |
.Em SYNOPSIS |
.Em SYNOPSIS |
section, the argument is displayed in angle brackets |
section, the argument is displayed in angle brackets |
and preceded by |
and preceded by |
.Dq #include , |
.Qq #include , |
and a blank line is inserted in front if there is a preceding |
and a blank line is inserted in front if there is a preceding |
function declaration. |
function declaration. |
This is most often used in section 2, 3, and 9 manual pages. |
In other sections, it only encloses its argument in angle brackets |
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and causes no line break. |
.Pp |
.Pp |
Examples: |
Examples: |
.Dl \&.In sys/types.h |
.Dl \&.In sys/types.h |
|
|
.Dl \&.An Kristaps Dzonsons \&Aq \&Mt kristaps@bsd.lv |
.Dl \&.An Kristaps Dzonsons \&Aq \&Mt kristaps@bsd.lv |
.Ss \&Nd |
.Ss \&Nd |
A one line description of the manual's content. |
A one line description of the manual's content. |
This may only be invoked in the |
This is the mandatory last macro of the |
.Em SYNOPSIS |
.Em NAME |
section subsequent the |
section and not appropriate for other sections. |
.Sx \&Nm |
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macro. |
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.Pp |
.Pp |
Examples: |
Examples: |
.Dl Pf . Sx \&Nd mdoc language reference |
.Dl Pf . Sx \&Nd mdoc language reference |
Line 2092 It is suggested to leave it unspecified, in which case |
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Line 2098 It is suggested to leave it unspecified, in which case |
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.Xr mandoc 1 |
.Xr mandoc 1 |
uses its |
uses its |
.Fl Ios |
.Fl Ios |
argument, or, if that isn't specified either, |
argument or, if that isn't specified either, |
.Fa sysname |
.Fa sysname |
and |
and |
.Fa release |
.Fa release |
|
|
Close parenthesised context opened by |
Close parenthesised context opened by |
.Sx \&Po . |
.Sx \&Po . |
.Ss \&Pf |
.Ss \&Pf |
Removes the space between its argument |
Removes the space between its argument and the following macro. |
.Pq Dq prefix |
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and the following macro. |
|
Its syntax is as follows: |
Its syntax is as follows: |
.Pp |
.Pp |
.D1 .Pf Ar prefix macro arguments ... |
.D1 .Pf Ar prefix macro arguments ... |
.Pp |
.Pp |
This is equivalent to: |
This is equivalent to: |
.Pp |
.Pp |
.D1 .No Ar prefix No \&Ns Ar macro arguments ... |
.D1 .No \e& Ns Ar prefix No \&Ns Ar macro arguments ... |
.Pp |
.Pp |
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The |
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.Ar prefix |
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argument is not parsed for macro names or delimiters, |
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but used verbatim as if it were escaped. |
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.Pp |
Examples: |
Examples: |
.Dl ".Pf $ Ar variable_name" |
.Dl ".Pf $ Ar variable_name" |
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.Dl ".Pf . Ar macro_name" |
.Dl ".Pf 0x Ar hex_digits" |
.Dl ".Pf 0x Ar hex_digits" |
.Pp |
.Pp |
See also |
See also |
|
|
Close quoted context opened by |
Close quoted context opened by |
.Sx \&Qo . |
.Sx \&Qo . |
.Ss \&Ql |
.Ss \&Ql |
Request a literal font and enclose in single quotes. |
In-line literal display. |
For arguments of three or more characters, formatters other than |
This can for example be used for complete command invocations and |
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for multi-word code fragments when more specific markup is not |
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appropriate and an indented display is not desired. |
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While |
.Xr mandoc 1 |
.Xr mandoc 1 |
usually omit the quotes on non-terminal output devices. |
always encloses the arguments in single quotes, other formatters |
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usually omit the quotes on non-terminal output devices when the |
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arguments have three or more characters. |
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.Pp |
See also |
See also |
.Sx \&Li |
.Sx \&Dl |
and |
and |
.Sx \&Sq . |
.Sx \&Bd |
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.Fl literal . |
.Ss \&Qo |
.Ss \&Qo |
Multi-line version of |
Multi-line version of |
.Sx \&Qq . |
.Sx \&Qq . |
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\&.%A J. D. Ullman |
\&.%A J. D. Ullman |
\&.%B Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation |
\&.%B Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation |
\&.%I Addison-Wesley |
\&.%I Addison-Wesley |
\&.%C Reading, Massachusettes |
\&.%C Reading, Massachusetts |
\&.%D 1979 |
\&.%D 1979 |
\&.Re |
\&.Re |
.Ed |
.Ed |
Line 2697 Link to another manual |
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Line 2714 Link to another manual |
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.Pq Qq cross-reference . |
.Pq Qq cross-reference . |
Its syntax is as follows: |
Its syntax is as follows: |
.Pp |
.Pp |
.D1 Pf \. Sx \&Xr Ar name Op section |
.D1 Pf \. Sx \&Xr Ar name section |
.Pp |
.Pp |
Cross reference the |
Cross reference the |
.Ar name |
.Ar name |
and |
and |
.Ar section |
.Ar section |
number of another man page; |
number of another man page. |
omitting the section number is rarely useful. |
|
.Pp |
.Pp |
Examples: |
Examples: |
.Dl \&.Xr mandoc 1 |
.Dl \&.Xr mandoc 1 |
Line 3016 then the macro accepts an arbitrary number of argument |
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Line 3032 then the macro accepts an arbitrary number of argument |
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.It Sx \&Ux Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It Sx \&Ux Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It Sx \&Va Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It Sx \&Va Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It Sx \&Vt Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta >0 |
.It Sx \&Vt Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta >0 |
.It Sx \&Xr Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta >0 |
.It Sx \&Xr Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta 2 |
.It Sx \&br Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta 0 |
.It Sx \&br Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta 0 |
.It Sx \&sp Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta 1 |
.It Sx \&sp Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta 1 |
.El |
.El |
Line 3124 Manually switching the font using the |
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Line 3140 Manually switching the font using the |
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font escape sequences is never required. |
font escape sequences is never required. |
.Sh COMPATIBILITY |
.Sh COMPATIBILITY |
This section provides an incomplete list of compatibility issues |
This section provides an incomplete list of compatibility issues |
between mandoc and other troff implementations, at this time limited |
between mandoc and GNU troff |
to GNU troff |
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.Pq Qq groff . |
.Pq Qq groff . |
The term |
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.Qq historic groff |
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refers to groff versions before 1.17, |
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which featured a significant update of the |
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.Pa doc.tmac |
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file. |
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.Pp |
.Pp |
Heirloom troff, the other significant troff implementation accepting |
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\-mdoc, is similar to historic groff. |
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.Pp |
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The following problematic behaviour is found in groff: |
The following problematic behaviour is found in groff: |
.ds hist (Historic groff only.) |
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.Pp |
.Pp |
.Bl -dash -compact |
.Bl -dash -compact |
.It |
.It |
Display macros |
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.Po |
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.Sx \&Bd , |
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.Sx \&Dl , |
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and |
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.Sx \&D1 |
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.Pc |
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may not be nested. |
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\*[hist] |
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.It |
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.Sx \&At |
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with unknown arguments produces no output at all. |
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\*[hist] |
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Newer groff and mandoc print |
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.Qq AT&T UNIX |
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and the arguments. |
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.It |
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.Sx \&Bl Fl column |
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does not recognise trailing punctuation characters when they immediately |
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precede tabulator characters, but treats them as normal text and |
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outputs a space before them. |
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.It |
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.Sx \&Bd Fl ragged compact |
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does not start a new line. |
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\*[hist] |
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.It |
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.Sx \&Dd |
.Sx \&Dd |
with non-standard arguments behaves very strangely. |
with non-standard arguments behaves very strangely. |
When there are three arguments, they are printed verbatim. |
When there are three arguments, they are printed verbatim. |
Line 3176 but without any arguments the string |
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Line 3155 but without any arguments the string |
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.Dq Epoch |
.Dq Epoch |
is printed. |
is printed. |
.It |
.It |
.Sx \&Fl |
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does not print a dash for an empty argument. |
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\*[hist] |
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.It |
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.Sx \&Fn |
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does not start a new line unless invoked as the line macro in the |
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.Em SYNOPSIS |
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section. |
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\*[hist] |
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.It |
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.Sx \&Fo |
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with |
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.Pf non- Sx \&Fa |
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children causes inconsistent spacing between arguments. |
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In mandoc, a single space is always inserted between arguments. |
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.It |
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.Sx \&Ft |
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in the |
|
.Em SYNOPSIS |
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causes inconsistent vertical spacing, depending on whether a prior |
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.Sx \&Fn |
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has been invoked. |
|
See |
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.Sx \&Ft |
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and |
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.Sx \&Fn |
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for the normalised behaviour in mandoc. |
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.It |
|
.Sx \&In |
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ignores additional arguments and is not treated specially in the |
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.Em SYNOPSIS . |
|
\*[hist] |
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.It |
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.Sx \&It |
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sometimes requires a |
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.Fl nested |
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flag. |
|
\*[hist] |
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In new groff and mandoc, any list may be nested by default and |
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.Fl enum |
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lists will restart the sequence only for the sub-list. |
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.It |
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.Sx \&Li |
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followed by a delimiter is incorrectly used in some manuals |
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instead of properly quoting that character, which sometimes works with |
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historic groff. |
|
.It |
|
.Sx \&Lk |
.Sx \&Lk |
only accepts a single link-name argument; the remainder is misformatted. |
only accepts a single link-name argument; the remainder is misformatted. |
.It |
.It |
Line 3236 can only be called by other macros, but not at the beg |
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Line 3168 can only be called by other macros, but not at the beg |
|
.Sx \&%C |
.Sx \&%C |
is not implemented (up to and including groff-1.22.2). |
is not implemented (up to and including groff-1.22.2). |
.It |
.It |
Historic groff only allows up to eight or nine arguments per macro input |
|
line, depending on the exact situation. |
|
Providing more arguments causes garbled output. |
|
The number of arguments on one input line is not limited with mandoc. |
|
.It |
|
Historic groff has many un-callable macros. |
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Most of these (excluding some block-level macros) are callable |
|
in new groff and mandoc. |
|
.It |
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.Sq \(ba |
|
(vertical bar) is not fully supported as a delimiter. |
|
\*[hist] |
|
.It |
|
.Sq \ef |
.Sq \ef |
.Pq font face |
.Pq font face |
and |
and |
Line 3266 The following features are unimplemented in mandoc: |
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Line 3185 The following features are unimplemented in mandoc: |
|
.Bl -dash -compact |
.Bl -dash -compact |
.It |
.It |
.Sx \&Bd |
.Sx \&Bd |
.Fl file Ar file . |
.Fl file Ar file |
|
is unsupported for security reasons. |
.It |
.It |
.Sx \&Bd |
.Sx \&Bd |
|
.Fl filled |
|
does not adjust the right margin, but is an alias for |
|
.Sx \&Bd |
|
.Fl ragged . |
|
.It |
|
.Sx \&Bd |
|
.Fl literal |
|
does not use a literal font, but is an alias for |
|
.Sx \&Bd |
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.Fl unfilled . |
|
.It |
|
.Sx \&Bd |
.Fl offset Cm center |
.Fl offset Cm center |
and |
and |
.Fl offset Cm right . |
.Fl offset Cm right |
Groff does not implement centred and flush-right rendering either, |
don't work. |
|
Groff does not implement centered and flush-right rendering either, |
but produces large indentations. |
but produces large indentations. |
.El |
.El |
.Sh SEE ALSO |
.Sh SEE ALSO |
Line 3283 but produces large indentations. |
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Line 3216 but produces large indentations. |
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.Xr mandoc_char 7 , |
.Xr mandoc_char 7 , |
.Xr roff 7 , |
.Xr roff 7 , |
.Xr tbl 7 |
.Xr tbl 7 |
|
.Pp |
|
The web page |
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.Lk http://mdocml.bsd.lv/mdoc/ "extended documentation for the mdoc language" |
|
provides a few tutorial-style pages for beginners, an extensive style |
|
guide for advanced authors, and an alphabetic index helping to choose |
|
the best macros for various kinds of content. |
.Sh HISTORY |
.Sh HISTORY |
The |
The |
.Nm |
.Nm |