version 1.1, 2009/03/13 07:46:10 |
version 1.40, 2009/07/12 16:34:16 |
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.\" $Id$ |
.\" $Id$ |
.\" |
.\" |
.\" Copyright (c) 2009 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@kth.se> |
.\" Copyright (c) 2009 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@kth.se> |
.\" |
.\" |
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any |
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any |
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the |
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above |
.\" above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all |
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. |
.\" copies. |
|
.\" |
.\" |
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL |
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES |
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED |
.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF |
.\" WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE |
.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR |
.\" AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL |
.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES |
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR |
.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN |
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER |
.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF |
.\" TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR |
.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. |
.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. |
|
.\" |
.\" |
.Dd $Mdocdate$ |
.Dd $Mdocdate$ |
.Dt mdoc 7 |
.Dt MDOC 7 |
.Os |
.Os |
.\" SECTION |
.\" SECTION |
.Sh NAME |
.Sh NAME |
.Nm mdoc |
.Nm mdoc |
.Nd mdoc macro reference |
.Nd mdoc language reference |
.\" SECTION |
.\" SECTION |
.Sh DESCRIPTION |
.Sh DESCRIPTION |
The |
The |
|
|
language is used to format |
language is used to format |
.Bx |
.Bx |
.Ux |
.Ux |
manuals. An |
manuals. In this reference document, we describe the syntax and |
|
structure of the |
.Nm |
.Nm |
|
language. Our reference implementation is |
|
.Xr mandoc 1 . |
|
The |
|
.Sx COMPATIBILITY |
|
section describes compatibility with |
|
.Xr groff 1 . |
|
.\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.Pp |
|
An |
|
.Nm |
document follows simple rules: lines beginning with the control |
document follows simple rules: lines beginning with the control |
character |
character |
.Sq \. |
.Sq \. |
are parsed for macros. Other lines are interpreted within the scope of |
are parsed for macros. Other lines are interpreted within the scope of |
prior macros. Macros are either two or three characters in length. |
prior macros: |
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent |
|
\&.Sh Macro lines change control state. |
|
Other lines are interpreted within the current state. |
|
.Ed |
.\" SECTION |
.\" SECTION |
.Sh CHARACTER ENCODING |
.Sh INPUT ENCODING |
.Nm |
.Nm |
documents may contain only printable alphanumeric characters, the space |
documents may contain only graphable 7-bit ASCII characters, the space |
character |
character |
.Sq \ , |
.Sq \ , |
and, in certain circumstances, the tab character |
and, in certain circumstances, the tab character |
.Sq \et . |
.Sq \et . |
All manuals must have |
All manuals must have |
.Sq \en |
.Sq \en |
line termination. |
line termination. |
.\" SUB-SECTION |
|
.Ss Special Characters |
|
Within a macro line, the following characters are special: |
|
.\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.Pp |
.Pp |
.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset XXXX -compact |
The only time a blank line is acceptable is within |
|
the context of |
|
.Sq \&.Bd \-literal |
|
or |
|
.Sq \&.Bd \-unfilled . |
|
.Pp |
|
Tab characters |
|
.Pq \et |
|
are only acceptable when delimiting |
|
.Sq \&.Bl \-column |
|
and in |
|
.Sq \&.Bd \-literal |
|
or |
|
.Sq \&.Bd \-unfilled |
|
contexts. |
|
.\" SUB-SECTION |
|
.Ss Comments |
|
Anything following a |
|
.Sq \e" |
|
delimiter is considered a comment (unless the |
|
.Sq \e |
|
itself has been escaped) and is ignored to the end of line. |
|
Furthermore, a macro line with only a control character |
|
.Sq \. , |
|
optionally followed by whitespace, is ignored. |
|
.\" SUB-SECTION |
|
.Ss Reserved Characters |
|
Within a macro line, the following characters are reserved: |
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact |
.It \&. |
.It \&. |
period |
.Pq period |
.It \&, |
.It \&, |
comma |
.Pq comma |
.It \&: |
.It \&: |
colon |
.Pq colon |
.It \&; |
.It \&; |
semicolon |
.Pq semicolon |
.It \&( |
.It \&( |
left-parenthesis |
.Pq left-parenthesis |
.It \&) |
.It \&) |
right-parenthesis |
.Pq right-parenthesis |
.It \&[ |
.It \&[ |
left-bracket |
.Pq left-bracket |
.It \&] |
.It \&] |
right-bracket |
.Pq right-bracket |
.It \&? |
.It \&? |
question |
.Pq question |
.It \&! |
.It \&! |
exclmamation |
.Pq exclamation |
|
.It \&| |
|
.Pq vertical bar |
.El |
.El |
|
.\" PARAGRAPH |
.Pp |
.Pp |
Use of these characters must either be escaped with a non-breaking space |
Use of reserved characters is described in |
|
.Sx Closure . |
|
For general non-reserved use, characters must either be escaped with a |
|
non-breaking space |
.Pq Sq \e& |
.Pq Sq \e& |
or, if applicable, an appropriate escape-sequence used. |
or, if applicable, an appropriate escape-sequence used. |
.\" SUB-SECTION |
.\" SUB-SECTION |
.Ss Special Characters |
.Ss Special Characters |
Special character sequences begin with the escape character |
Special character sequences begin with the escape character |
.Sq \\ |
.Sq \e |
and followed by either an open-parenthesis |
followed by either an open-parenthesis |
.Sq \&( |
.Sq \&( |
for two-character sequences; an open-bracket |
for two-character sequences; an open-bracket |
.Sq \&[ |
.Sq \&[ |
Line 92 for n-character sequences (terminated at a close-brack |
|
Line 135 for n-character sequences (terminated at a close-brack |
|
or a single one-character sequence. |
or a single one-character sequence. |
.Pp |
.Pp |
Characters may alternatively be escaped by a slash-asterisk, |
Characters may alternatively be escaped by a slash-asterisk, |
.Sq \\* , |
.Sq \e* , |
with the same combinations as described above. This form, however, is |
with the same combinations as described above. |
deprecated. The following is a table of all available escapes, arranged |
|
by classification. |
|
.Pp |
.Pp |
Grammatic: |
Terms may also be text-decorated using the |
.Pp |
.Sq \ef |
.Bl -tag -width 12n -offset "XXXX" -compact |
escape followed by a text-decoration letter: B (bold), I, (italic), or P |
.It \\(em |
and R (Roman, or reset). This form is not recommended. |
.Pq em-dash |
.\" SUB-SECTION |
.It \\(en |
.Ss Whitespace |
.Pq en-dash |
Unless in literal mode or specifically escaped, consecutive blocks of |
.It \e- |
whitespace are pruned from input. These are later re-added, if |
.Pq hyphen |
applicable, by a front-end utility such as |
.It \\\\ |
.Xr mandoc 1 . |
.Pq back-slash |
|
.It \e' |
|
.Pq apostrophe |
|
.It \e` |
|
.Pq back-tick |
|
.It \\ |
|
.Pq space |
|
.It \\. |
|
.Pq period |
|
.El |
|
.\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.Pp |
|
Enclosures: |
|
.Pp |
|
.Bl -tag -width 12n -offset "XXXX" -compact |
|
.It \\(rC |
|
.Pq right brace |
|
.It \\(lC |
|
.Pq left brace |
|
.It \\(ra |
|
.Pq right angle |
|
.It \\(la |
|
.Pq left angle |
|
.It \\(rB |
|
.Pq right bracket |
|
.It \\(lB |
|
.Pq left bracket |
|
.It \\q |
|
.Pq double-quote |
|
.It \\(lq |
|
.Pq left double-quote |
|
.It \\(Lq |
|
.Pq left double-quote, deprecated |
|
.It \\(rq |
|
.Pq right double-quote |
|
.It \\(Rq |
|
.Pq right double-quote, deprecated |
|
.It \\(oq |
|
.Pq left single-quote |
|
.It \\(aq |
|
.Pq right single-quote |
|
.El |
|
.\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.Pp |
|
Indicatives: |
|
.Pp |
|
.Bl -tag -width 12n -offset "XXXX" -compact |
|
.It \\(<- |
|
.Pq left arrow |
|
.It \\(-> |
|
.Pq right arrow |
|
.It \\(ua |
|
.Pq up arrow |
|
.It \\(da |
|
.Pq down arrow |
|
.El |
|
.\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.Pp |
|
Mathematical: |
|
.Pp |
|
.Bl -tag -width 12n -offset "XXXX" -compact |
|
.It \\(Gt |
|
.Pq greater-than, deprecated |
|
.It \\(Lt |
|
.Pq less-than, deprecated |
|
.It \\(<= |
|
.Pq less-than-equal |
|
.It \\(Le |
|
.Pq less-than-equal, deprecated |
|
.It \\(>= |
|
.Pq greater-than-equal |
|
.It \\(Ge |
|
.Pq greater-than-equal |
|
.It \\(== |
|
.Pq equal |
|
.It \\(!= |
|
.Pq not equal |
|
.It \\(Ne |
|
.Pq not equal, deprecated |
|
.It \\(if |
|
.Pq infinity |
|
.It \\(If |
|
.Pq infinity, deprecated |
|
.It \\(na |
|
.Pq NaN , an extension |
|
.It \\(Na |
|
.Pq NaN, deprecated |
|
.It \\(+- |
|
.Pq plus-minus |
|
.It \\(Pm |
|
.Pq plus-minus, deprecated |
|
.It \\(** |
|
.Pq asterisk |
|
.El |
|
.\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.Pp |
|
Diacritics: |
|
.Pp |
|
.Bl -tag -width 12n -offset "XXXX" -compact |
|
.It \\(ga |
|
.Pq accent grave |
|
.It \\(aa |
|
.Pq accent accute |
|
.El |
|
.\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.Pp |
|
Special symbols: |
|
.Pp |
|
.Bl -tag -width 12n -offset "XXXX" -compact |
|
.It \\(bu |
|
.Pq bullet |
|
.It \\(ba |
|
.Pq bar |
|
.It \\(Ba |
|
.Pq bar, deprecated |
|
.It \\(co |
|
.Pq copyright |
|
.It \\& |
|
.Pq non-breaking space |
|
.It \\e |
|
.Pq escape |
|
.It \\(Am |
|
.Pq ampersand, deprecated |
|
.El |
|
.\" SECTION |
.\" SECTION |
.Sh CLASSIFICATION |
.Sh STRUCTURE |
Macros are classified in an ontology described by scope rules. |
Each |
.Bl -tag -width "in-lineX" |
.Nm |
|
document must begin with the document prologue, containing, in order, |
|
.Sq \&.Dd , |
|
.Sq \&.Dt , |
|
and |
|
.Sq \&.Os . |
|
Following these, the document body must begin with the NAME section |
|
containing at least one |
|
.Sq \&.Nm |
|
followed by a |
|
.Sq \&.Nd |
|
macro. |
|
.Pp |
|
At least one free-form or macro line must follow this prologue. |
|
.\" |
|
.Ss Classification |
|
Macros are classified by their scope rules. Some macros are allowed to |
|
deviate from their classifications to preserve backward-compatibility |
|
with old macro combinations still found in the manual corpus. These are |
|
specifically noted on a per-macro basis. |
|
.\" SUB-SECTION |
|
.Ss Scope |
|
.Bl -inset |
.\" LIST-ITEM |
.\" LIST-ITEM |
.It Em Block |
.It Em Block |
Block macros enclose other block macros, in-line macros or text, and |
macros enclose other block macros, in-line macros or text, and |
may span multiple lines. |
may span multiple lines. |
.Qq Implicit |
.Bl -inset -offset indent |
block scope is closed by a subsequent invocation of the same macro, |
|
one of a set of corresponding closure macros or end-of-file. |
|
.Qq Explicit |
|
block scope is closed by a corresponding closure macro. |
|
.Bl -tag -width "partial-blockX" |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
.\" LIST-ITEM |
.It Em Full-block |
.It Em Full-block |
Always spans multiple lines. Consists optionally of one or more |
macros always span multiple lines. They consist of zero or |
|
more |
.Qq heads , |
.Qq heads , |
subsequent macros or text on the same line following invocation; a |
subsequent macros or text on the same line following invocation; an |
|
optional |
.Qq body , |
.Qq body , |
which spans subsequent lines of text or macros; and an optional |
which spans subsequent lines of text or macros; and an optional |
.Qq tail , |
.Qq tail , |
macros or text on the same line following closure. |
macros or text on the same line following closure. |
.\" LIST-ITEM |
.\" LIST-ITEM |
.It Em Partial-block |
.It Em Partial-block |
May span multiple lines. Consists optionally of a |
macros may span multiple lines. They consists of a optional |
.Qq head , |
.Qq head , |
text immediately following invocation; always a |
text immediately following invocation; always a |
.Qq body , |
.Qq body , |
Line 264 text or macros following the head on the same and subs |
|
Line 200 text or macros following the head on the same and subs |
|
optionally a |
optionally a |
.Qq tail , |
.Qq tail , |
text immediately following closure. |
text immediately following closure. |
.El |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
.\" LIST-ITEM |
.It Em In-line |
.It Em In-line |
In-line macros may only enclose text and span at most a single line. If |
macros may only enclose text and span at most a single line. |
a macro is parsable, its scope may be closed by subsequent macros or |
|
delimiting punctuation. In-line macros follow different conventions for |
|
closure; see |
|
.Sx MACROS |
|
for per-macro details. |
|
.El |
.El |
.\" .\" SUB-SECTION |
.El |
.\" .Ss Examples |
.\" SUB-SECTION |
.\" The following examples illustrate each macro classification. |
.Ss Closure |
.\" .\" PARAGRAPH |
Closure of a macro's scope depends first on its classification, then |
.\" .Pp |
on whether it's parsable. In this table, |
.\" Implicit full-block. Has head, body and no tail. Scope closed by |
.Sq BFE |
.\" second |
refers to block full-explicit and so on. |
.\" .Sq \&Sh |
.\" PARAGRAPH |
.\" invocation. |
.Pp |
.\" .Bd -literal -offset XXXX |
.Bl -tag -width 12n -offset indent -compact |
.\" \&.Sh SECTION 1 |
.It BPE , BFE |
.\" body... |
corresponding explicit closure macro |
.\" \&.Sh SECTION 2 |
.It BFI |
.\" .Ed |
end-of-file or a corresponding implicit closure macro |
.\" .\" PARAGRAPH |
.It BPI |
.\" .Pp |
end-of-line (body may be closed by >0 space-separated |
.\" Nested implicit full-block, where the subsection |
.Sx Reserved Characters , |
.\" .Sq \&Ss |
although block scope will still be open) |
.\" is within the scope of the parent section |
.It INL |
.\" .Sq \&Sh |
end-of-line |
.\" and closed along with its parent by the subsequent |
.El |
.\" .Sq \&Sh . |
.\" PARAGRAPH |
.\" .Bd -literal -offset XXXX |
.Pp |
.\" \&.Sh SECTION 1 |
If a macro (block or in-line) is parsable, it may also be closed out by |
.\" \&.Ss Subsection 1 |
one of the following scenarios (unless specifically noted otherwise): |
.\" body... |
.\" PARAGRAPH |
.\" \&.Sh SECTION 2 |
.Pp |
.\" .Ed |
.Bl -dash -offset indent -compact |
.\" .\" PARAGRAPH |
.It |
.\" .Pp |
a sequence of >0 space-separated |
.\" Explicit full-block. Has a head, a body and no tail. Scope closed by |
.Sx Reserved Characters , |
.\" .Sq \&Ef |
.It |
.\" invocation. |
another macro, |
.\" .Bd -literal -offset XXXX |
.It |
.\" \&.Bf symbolic |
end-of-line, or |
.\" body... |
.It |
.\" \&.Ef |
completion of a set number of arguments. |
.\" .Ed |
.El |
.\" .\" PARAGRAPH |
.\" PARAGRAPH |
.\" .Pp |
.Pp |
.\" Nested explicit/implicit scope. |
If >0 space-separated |
.\" .Sq \&It |
.Sx Reserved Characters |
.\" macro is an implicit block whose scope is closed by the explicit |
are followed by non-reserved characters, the behaviour differs per |
.\" .Sq \&El |
macro. In general, scope of the macro is closed and re-opened: |
.\" closure. |
subsequent tokens are interpreted as if the scope had just been opened. |
.\" .Bd -literal -offset XXXX |
In other circumstances, scope is simply closed out. |
.\" \&.Bl \-bullet |
|
.\" \&.It head |
|
.\" body... |
|
.\" \&.El |
|
.\" .Ed |
|
.\" .\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.\" .Pp |
|
.\" Explicit partial-block. Has head, body and tail. Scope closed by |
|
.\" .Sq \&Ec |
|
.\" invocation. |
|
.\" .Bd -literal -offset XXX |
|
.\" \&.Eo head body... \&Ec tail |
|
.\" .Ed |
|
.\" .\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.\" .Pp |
|
.\" Implicit partial-block. Has only body. Scope is closed by end-of-line. |
|
.\" .Bd -literal -offset XXX |
|
.\" \&.Sq body... |
|
.\" .Ed |
|
.\" .\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.\" .Pp |
|
.\" Explicit partial-block with only body and scope closed by |
|
.\" .Sq \&Ac |
|
.\" invocation. |
|
.\" .Bd -literal -offset XXXX |
|
.\" \&.Ao body... \&Ac |
|
.\" .Ed |
|
.\" .\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.\" .Pp |
|
.\" Implicit partial-block enclosing explicit partial-block. |
|
.\" .Bd -literal -offset XXX |
|
.\" \&.Sq body... \&Ao body... \&Ac |
|
.\" .Ed |
|
.\" .\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.\" .Pp |
|
.\" Inline macros, several in sequence. Scope is closed for |
|
.\" .Sq \&Fl |
|
.\" by the punctuation delimiter and |
|
.\" .Sq \&Ar |
|
.\" by the end-of-line. |
|
.\" .Bd -literal -offset XXXX |
|
.\" \&.Fl text0 text1 ; Ar text0 text1 |
|
.\" .Ed |
|
.\" SECTION |
.\" SECTION |
|
.Sh SYNTAX |
|
Macros are two or three characters in length. The syntax of macro |
|
invocation depends on its classification. |
|
.Qq \-arg |
|
refers to the macro arguments (which may contain zero or more values). |
|
In these illustrations, |
|
.Sq \&.Yo |
|
opens the scope of a macro, and if specified, |
|
.Sq \&.Yc |
|
closes it out (closure may be implicit at end-of-line or end-of-file). |
|
.\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.Pp |
|
Block full-explicit (may contain head, body, tail). |
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent |
|
\&.Yo \(lB\-arg \(lBval...\(rB\(rB \(lBhead...\(rB |
|
\(lBbody...\(rB |
|
\&.Yc \(lBtail...\(rB |
|
.Ed |
|
.\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.Pp |
|
Block full-implicit (may contain zero or more heads, body, no tail). |
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent |
|
\&.Yo \(lB\-arg \(lBval...\(rB\(rB \(lBhead... \(lBTa head...\(rB\(rB |
|
\(lBbody...\(rB |
|
\&.Yc |
|
.Ed |
|
.\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.Pp |
|
Block partial-explicit (may contain head, multi-line body, tail). |
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent |
|
\&.Yo \(lB\-arg \(lBval...\(rB\(rB \(lBhead...\(rB |
|
\(lBbody...\(rB |
|
\&.Yc \(lBtail...\(rB |
|
|
|
\&.Yo \(lB\-arg \(lBval...\(rB\(rB \(lBhead...\(rB \ |
|
\(lBbody...\(rB \&Yc \(lBtail...\(rB |
|
.Ed |
|
.\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.Pp |
|
Block partial-implicit (no head, body, no tail). Note that the body |
|
section may be followed by zero or more |
|
.Sx Reserved Words . |
|
These are in the block scope, but not in the body scope. |
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent |
|
\&.Yo \(lB\-arg \(lBval...\(rB\(rB \(lBbody...\(rB \(lBreserved...\(rB |
|
.Ed |
|
.\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.Pp |
|
In-lines have \(>=0 scoped arguments. |
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent |
|
\&.Yy \(lB\-arg \(lBval...\(rB\(rB \(lBargs...\(rB |
|
|
|
\&.Yy \(lB\-arg \(lBval...\(rB\(rB arg0 arg1 argN |
|
.Ed |
|
.\" SECTION |
.Sh MACROS |
.Sh MACROS |
This section contains a complete list of all |
This section contains a complete list of all |
.Nm |
.Nm |
macros, arranged ontologically then alphanumerically by macro name. A |
macros, arranged by classification. A |
.Qq callable |
.Qq callable |
macro is may be invoked subsequent to the initial macro-line macro. A |
macro is invoked subsequent to the initial macro-line macro. A |
.Qq parsable |
.Qq parsable |
macro May be followed by further (ostensibly callable) macros. |
macro may be followed by further (ostensibly callable) macros. |
.\" SUB-SECTION |
.\" SUB-SECTION |
.Ss Block full-implicit |
.Ss Block full-implicit |
The head of these macros follows invocation; the body is the content of |
The head of these macros follows invocation; the body is the content of |
subsequent lines prior to closure. None of these macros have tails; |
subsequent lines prior to closure. None of these macros have tails; |
some |
some |
.Po |
.Po |
.Sq \&It \-bullet , |
.Sq \&.It \-bullet , |
.Sq \-hyphen , |
.Sq \-hyphen , |
.Sq \-dash , |
.Sq \-dash , |
.Sq \-enum |
.Sq \-enum , |
|
.Sq \-item |
.Pc |
.Pc |
don't have heads. |
don't have heads. |
.Pp |
.Pp |
.Bl -column "MacroX" "CallableX" "ParsableX" "Closing" -compact -offset XXXX |
.Bl -column -compact -offset indent "MacroX" "CallableX" "ParsableX" "Closing" |
.It Em Macro Ta Em Callable Ta Em Parsable Ta Em Closing |
.It Em Macro Ta Em Callable Ta Em Parsable Ta Em Closing |
|
.It \&.Nd Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta \&.Sh |
.It \&.Sh Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta \&.Sh |
.It \&.Sh Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta \&.Sh |
.It \&.Ss Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta \&.Sh, \&.Ss |
.It \&.Ss Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta \&.Sh, \&.Ss |
.It \&.It Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&.It, \&.El |
.It \&.It Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&.It, \&.El |
Line 397 None of these macros are callable or parsed. The last |
|
Line 341 None of these macros are callable or parsed. The last |
|
the explicit scope rules. All contains bodies, some may contain heads |
the explicit scope rules. All contains bodies, some may contain heads |
.Pq So \&Bf Sc . |
.Pq So \&Bf Sc . |
.Pp |
.Pp |
.Bl -column "MacroX" "CallableX" "ParsableX" "closed by XXX" -compact -offset XXXX |
.Bl -column -compact -offset indent "MacroX" "CallableX" "ParsableX" "closed by XXX" |
.It Em Macro Ta Em Callable Ta Em Parsable Ta Em Scope |
.It Em Macro Ta Em Callable Ta Em Parsable Ta Em Scope |
.It \&.Bd Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta closed by \&.Ed |
.It \&.Bd Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta closed by \&.Ed |
.It \&.Ed Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta opened by \&.Bd |
.It \&.Ed Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta opened by \&.Bd |
Line 405 the explicit scope rules. All contains bodies, some m |
|
Line 349 the explicit scope rules. All contains bodies, some m |
|
.It \&.El Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta opened by \&.Bl |
.It \&.El Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta opened by \&.Bl |
.It \&.Bf Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta closed by \&.Ef |
.It \&.Bf Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta closed by \&.Ef |
.It \&.Ef Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta opened by \&.Bf |
.It \&.Ef Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta opened by \&.Bf |
|
.It \&.Bk Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta closed by \&.Ek |
|
.It \&.Ek Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta opened by \&.Bk |
.El |
.El |
.\" SUB-SECTION |
.\" SUB-SECTION |
.Ss Block partial-implicit |
.Ss Block partial-implicit |
All of these are callable and parsed for further macros. Their scopes |
All of these are callable and parsed for further macros. Their scopes |
close at the invocation's end-of-line. |
close at the invocation's end-of-line. |
.Pp |
.Pp |
.Bl -column "MacroX" "CallableX" "ParsableX" -compact -offset XXXX |
.Bl -column "MacroX" "CallableX" "ParsableX" -compact -offset indent |
.It Em Macro Ta Em Callable Ta Em Parsable |
.It Em Macro Ta Em Callable Ta Em Parsable |
.It \&.Aq Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Aq Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Op Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Op Ta Yes Ta Yes |
Line 421 close at the invocation's end-of-line. |
|
Line 367 close at the invocation's end-of-line. |
|
.It \&.Qq Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Qq Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Sq Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Sq Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Brq Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Brq Ta Yes Ta Yes |
|
.It \&.D1 Ta \&No Ta \&Yes |
|
.It \&.Dl Ta \&No Ta Yes |
|
.It \&.Ql Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.El |
.El |
|
.\" PARAGRAPH |
|
.Pp |
|
The |
|
.Sq \&.Op |
|
may be broken by |
|
.Sq \&.Oc |
|
as in the following example: |
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent |
|
\&.Oo |
|
\&.Op Fl a Oc |
|
.Ed |
|
.Pp |
|
In the above example, the scope of |
|
.Sq \&.Op |
|
is technically broken by |
|
.Sq \&.Oc , |
|
however, due to the overwhelming existence of this sequence, it's |
|
allowed. |
.\" SUB-SECTION |
.\" SUB-SECTION |
.Ss Block partial-explicit |
.Ss Block partial-explicit |
Each of these contains at least a body and, in limited circumstances, a |
Each of these contains at least a body and, in limited circumstances, a |
head |
head |
.Pq So \&Fo Sc , So \&Eo Sc |
.Pq So \&.Fo Sc , So \&.Eo Sc |
and/or tail |
and/or tail |
.Pq So \&Ec Sc . |
.Pq So \&.Ec Sc . |
.Pp |
.Pp |
.Bl -column "MacroX" "CallableX" "ParsableX" "closed by XXXX" -compact -offset XXXX |
.Bl -column "MacroX" "CallableX" "ParsableX" "closed by XXXX" -compact -offset indent |
.It Em Macro Ta Em Callable Ta Em Parsable Ta Em Scope |
.It Em Macro Ta Em Callable Ta Em Parsable Ta Em Scope |
.It \&.Ao Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta closed by \&.Ac |
.It \&.Ao Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta closed by \&.Ac |
.It \&.Ac Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta opened by \&.Ao |
.It \&.Ac Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta opened by \&.Ao |
|
|
.It \&.Eo Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta closed by \&.Ec |
.It \&.Eo Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta closed by \&.Ec |
.It \&.Qc Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta opened by \&.Oo |
.It \&.Qc Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta opened by \&.Oo |
.It \&.Qo Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta closed by \&.Oc |
.It \&.Qo Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta closed by \&.Oc |
|
.It \&.Re Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta opened by \&.Rs |
|
.It \&.Rs Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta closed by \&.Re |
.El |
.El |
.\" SUB-SECTION |
.\" SUB-SECTION |
.Ss General |
.Ss In-line |
.Bl -column "MacroX" "CallableX" "ParsableX" -compact -offset XXXX |
In-line macros have only text children. If a number (or inequality) of |
.It Em Macro Ta Em Callable Ta Em Parsable |
arguments is |
.It \&.Dd Ta \& Ta \& |
.Pq n , |
.It \&.Dt Ta \& Ta \& |
then the macro accepts an arbitrary number of arguments. |
.It \&.Os Ta \& Ta \& |
.Pp |
.It \&.Pp Ta \& Ta \& |
.Bl -column "MacroX" "CallableX" "ParsableX" "Arguments" -compact -offset indent |
.It \&.D1 Ta \& Ta \& |
.It Em Macro Ta Em Callable Ta Em Parsable Ta Em Arguments |
.It \&.Dl Ta \& Ta Yes |
.It \&.Dd Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta >0 |
.It \&.Ad Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Dt Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta n |
.It \&.An Ta \& Ta Yes |
.It \&.Os Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta n |
.It \&.Ar Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Pp Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta 0 |
.It \&.Cd Ta Yes Ta \& |
.It \&.Ad Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Cm Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.An Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Dv Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Ar Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Er Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Cd Ta Yes Ta \&No Ta >0 |
.It \&.Ev Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Cm Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Ex Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Dv Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Fa Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Er Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta >0 |
.It \&.Fd Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Ev Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Fl Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Ex Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta 0 |
.It \&.Fn Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Fa Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Ft Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Fd Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta >0 |
.It \&.Ic Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Fl Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.In Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Fn Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta >0 |
.It \&.Li Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Ft Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Nd Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Ic Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta >0 |
.It \&.Nm Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.In Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta n |
.It \&.Ot Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Li Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Pa Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Nm Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Rv Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Ot Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta n |
.It \&.St Ta Yes Ta \& |
.It \&.Pa Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Va Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Rv Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta 0 |
.It \&.Vt Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.St Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta 1 |
.It \&.Xr Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Va Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.%A Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Vt Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta >0 |
.It \&.%B Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Xr Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta >0, <3 |
.It \&.%C Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.%A Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta >0 |
.It \&.%D Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.%B Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta >0 |
.It \&.%I Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.%C Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta >0 |
.It \&.%J Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.%D Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta >0 |
.It \&.%N Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.%I Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta >0 |
.It \&.%O Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.%J Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta >0 |
.It \&.%P Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.%N Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta >0 |
.It \&.%R Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.%O Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta >0 |
.It \&.%T Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.%P Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta >0 |
.It \&.%V Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.%R Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta >0 |
.It \&.At Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.%T Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta >0 |
.It \&.Bsx Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.%V Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta >0 |
.It \&.Bx Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.At Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta 1 |
.It \&.Db Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Bsx Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Em Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Bx Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Fx Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Db Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta 1 |
.It \&.Ms Ta \& Ta Yes |
.It \&.Em Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta >0 |
.It \&.No Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Fx Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Ns Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Ms Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta >0 |
.It \&.Nx Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.No Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta 0 |
.It \&.Ox Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Ns Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta 0 |
.It \&.Pf Ta \& Ta Yes |
.It \&.Nx Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Ql Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Ox Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Re Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Pf Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta 1 |
.It \&.Rs Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Sm Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta 1 |
.It \&.Sm Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Sx Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta >0 |
.It \&.Sx Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Sy Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta >0 |
.It \&.Sy Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Tn Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta >0 |
.It \&.Tn Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Ux Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Ux Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Dx Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Bk Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Bt Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta 0 |
.It \&.Ek Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Hf Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta n |
.It \&.Bt Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Fr Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta n |
.It \&.Hf Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Ud Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta 0 |
.It \&.Fr Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Lb Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta 1 |
.It \&.Ud Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Ap Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta 0 |
.It \&.Lb Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Lp Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta 0 |
.It \&.Ap Ta Yes Ta Yes |
.It \&.Lk Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta n |
.It \&.Lp Ta \& Ta \& |
.It \&.Mt Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta >0 |
.It \&.Lk Ta \& Ta Yes |
.It \&.Es Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta 0 |
.It \&.Mt Ta \& Ta Yes |
.It \&.En Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta 0 |
|
.El |
|
.Pp |
|
The |
|
.Sq \&.Ot , |
|
.Sq \&.Fr , |
|
.Sq \&.Es |
|
and |
|
.Sq \&.En , |
|
macros are obsolete. |
|
.\" SECTION |
|
.Sh COMPATIBILITY |
|
This section documents compatibility with other roff implementations, at |
|
this time limited to |
|
.Xr groff 1 . |
|
The term |
|
.Qq historic groff |
|
refers to those versions before the |
|
.Pa doc.tmac |
|
file re-write |
|
.Pq somewhere between 1.15 and 1.19 . |
|
.Pp |
|
.Bl -dash -compact |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
Some character sequences in groff are not handled depending on escape |
|
style, e.g., |
|
.Sq \e(ba |
|
and |
|
.Sq \e*(Ba |
|
may not be interchanged. This is no longer the case: all character |
|
sequences resolve to the same symbol, regardless the escape style. |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
Blocks of whitespace are stripped from both macro and free-form text |
|
lines (except when in literal mode), while groff would retain whitespace |
|
in free-form text lines. |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
Historic groff has many un-callable macros. Most of these (excluding |
|
some block-level macros) are now callable, conforming to the |
|
non-historic groff version. |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
The vertical bar |
|
.Sq \(ba |
|
made historic groff |
|
.Qq go orbital |
|
but is a proper delimiter in this implementation. |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
.Sq \&.It \-nested |
|
is assumed for all lists (it wasn't in historic groff): any list may be |
|
nested and |
|
.Sq \-enum |
|
lists will restart the sequence only for the sub-list. |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
.Sq \&.It \-column |
|
syntax where column widths may be preceded by other arguments (instead |
|
of proceeded) is not supported. |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
The |
|
.Sq \&.At |
|
macro only accepts a single parameter. |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
Some manuals use |
|
.Sq \&.Li |
|
incorrectly by following it with a reserved character and expecting the |
|
delimiter to render. This is not supported. |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
If an special-character control character is escaped |
|
.Sq \e\e , |
|
it will obviously not render the subsequent sequence. Even newer |
|
versions of groff seem to dither on this. |
|
.El |
|
.\" SECTION |
|
.Sh SEE ALSO |
|
.Xr mandoc 1 , |
|
.Xr mandoc_char 7 |
|
.\" SECTION |
|
.Sh AUTHORS |
|
The |
|
.Nm |
|
utility was written by |
|
.An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq kristaps@kth.se . |
|
.\" SECTION |
|
.Sh CAVEATS |
|
There are many ambiguous parts of mdoc. |
|
.Pp |
|
.Bl -dash -compact |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
.Sq \&.Fa |
|
should be |
|
.Sq \&.Va |
|
as function arguments are variables. |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
.Sq \&.Ft |
|
should be |
|
.Sq \&.Vt |
|
as function return types are still types. Furthermore, the |
|
.Sq \&.Ft |
|
should be removed and |
|
.Sq \&.Fo , |
|
which ostensibly follows it, should follow the same convention as |
|
.Sq \&.Va . |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
.Sq \&.Va |
|
should formalise that only one or two arguments are acceptable: a |
|
variable name and optional, preceding type. |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
.Sq \&.Fd |
|
is ambiguous. It's commonly used to indicate an include file in the |
|
synopsis section. |
|
.Sq \&.In |
|
should be used, instead. |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
Only the |
|
.Sq \-literal |
|
argument to |
|
.Sq \&.Bd |
|
makes sense. The remaining ones should be removed. |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
The |
|
.Sq \&.Xo |
|
and |
|
.Sq \&.Xc |
|
macros should be deprecated. |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
The |
|
.Sq \&.Dt |
|
macro lacks clarity. It should be absolutely clear which title will |
|
render when formatting the manual page. |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
A |
|
.Sq \&.Lx |
|
should be provided for Linux (\(`a la |
|
.Sq \&.Ox , |
|
.Sq \&.Nx |
|
etc.). |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
There's no way to refer to references in |
|
.Sq \&.Rs/.Re |
|
blocks. |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
The \-split and \-nosplit arguments to |
|
.Sq \&.An |
|
are inane. |
|
.\" LIST-ITEM |
|
.It |
|
The end-of-line whitespace warnings are superfluous holdovers from |
|
historic groff. |
.El |
.El |