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Diff for /mandoc/mdoc.7 between version 1.216 and 1.243

version 1.216, 2012/08/29 23:38:50 version 1.243, 2014/11/28 18:09:01
Line 1 
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 .\"     $Id$  .\"     $Id$
 .\"  .\"
 .\" Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2011 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv>  .\" Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2011 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv>
 .\" Copyright (c) 2010, 2011 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>  .\" Copyright (c) 2010, 2011, 2013 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>
 .\"  .\"
 .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any  .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above  .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
Line 125  file for a utility
Line 125  file for a utility
 \&.Nm progname  \&.Nm progname
 \&.Nd one line about what it does  \&.Nd one line about what it does
 \&.\e\(dq .Sh LIBRARY  \&.\e\(dq .Sh LIBRARY
 \&.\e\(dq For sections 2, 3, & 9 only.  \&.\e\(dq For sections 2, 3, and 9 only.
 \&.\e\(dq Not used in OpenBSD.  \&.\e\(dq Not used in OpenBSD.
 \&.Sh SYNOPSIS  \&.Sh SYNOPSIS
 \&.Nm progname  \&.Nm progname
Line 135  file for a utility
Line 135  file for a utility
 The  The
 \&.Nm  \&.Nm
 utility processes files ...  utility processes files ...
   \&.\e\(dq .Sh CONTEXT
   \&.\e\(dq For section 9 functions only.
 \&.\e\(dq .Sh IMPLEMENTATION NOTES  \&.\e\(dq .Sh IMPLEMENTATION NOTES
 \&.\e\(dq Not used in OpenBSD.  \&.\e\(dq Not used in OpenBSD.
 \&.\e\(dq .Sh RETURN VALUES  \&.\e\(dq .Sh RETURN VALUES
 \&.\e\(dq For sections 2, 3, & 9 only.  \&.\e\(dq For sections 2, 3, and 9 function return values only.
 \&.\e\(dq .Sh ENVIRONMENT  \&.\e\(dq .Sh ENVIRONMENT
 \&.\e\(dq For sections 1, 6, 7, & 8 only.  \&.\e\(dq For sections 1, 6, 7, and 8 only.
 \&.\e\(dq .Sh FILES  \&.\e\(dq .Sh FILES
 \&.\e\(dq .Sh EXIT STATUS  \&.\e\(dq .Sh EXIT STATUS
 \&.\e\(dq For sections 1, 6, & 8 only.  \&.\e\(dq For sections 1, 6, and 8 only.
 \&.\e\(dq .Sh EXAMPLES  \&.\e\(dq .Sh EXAMPLES
 \&.\e\(dq .Sh DIAGNOSTICS  \&.\e\(dq .Sh DIAGNOSTICS
 \&.\e\(dq For sections 1, 4, 6, 7, & 8 only.  \&.\e\(dq For sections 1, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 9 printf/stderr messages only.
 \&.\e\(dq .Sh ERRORS  \&.\e\(dq .Sh ERRORS
 \&.\e\(dq For sections 2, 3, & 9 only.  \&.\e\(dq For sections 2, 3, 4, and 9 errno settings only.
 \&.\e\(dq .Sh SEE ALSO  \&.\e\(dq .Sh SEE ALSO
 \&.\e\(dq .Xr foobar 1  \&.\e\(dq .Xr foobar 1
 \&.\e\(dq .Sh STANDARDS  \&.\e\(dq .Sh STANDARDS
Line 318  macro followed by a non-standard section name, and eac
Line 320  macro followed by a non-standard section name, and eac
 several subsections, like in the present  several subsections, like in the present
 .Nm  .Nm
 manual.  manual.
   .It Em CONTEXT
   This section lists the contexts in which functions can be called in section 9.
   The contexts are autoconf, process, or interrupt.
 .It Em IMPLEMENTATION NOTES  .It Em IMPLEMENTATION NOTES
 Implementation-specific notes should be kept here.  Implementation-specific notes should be kept here.
 This is useful when implementing standard functions that may have side  This is useful when implementing standard functions that may have side
Line 358  Example usages.
Line 363  Example usages.
 This often contains snippets of well-formed, well-tested invocations.  This often contains snippets of well-formed, well-tested invocations.
 Make sure that examples work properly!  Make sure that examples work properly!
 .It Em DIAGNOSTICS  .It Em DIAGNOSTICS
 Documents error conditions.  Documents error messages.
 This is most useful in section 4 manuals.  In section 4 and 9 manuals, these are usually messages printed by the
   kernel to the console and to the kernel log.
   In section 1, 6, 7, and 8, these are usually messages printed by
   userland programs to the standard error output.
   .Pp
 Historically, this section was used in place of  Historically, this section was used in place of
 .Em EXIT STATUS  .Em EXIT STATUS
 for manuals in sections 1, 6, and 8; however, this practise is  for manuals in sections 1, 6, and 8; however, this practise is
Line 369  See
Line 378  See
 .Sx \&Bl  .Sx \&Bl
 .Fl diag .  .Fl diag .
 .It Em ERRORS  .It Em ERRORS
 Documents error handling in sections 2, 3, and 9.  Documents
   .Xr errno 2
   settings in sections 2, 3, 4, and 9.
 .Pp  .Pp
 See  See
 .Sx \&Er .  .Sx \&Er .
Line 377  See
Line 388  See
 References other manuals with related topics.  References other manuals with related topics.
 This section should exist for most manuals.  This section should exist for most manuals.
 Cross-references should conventionally be ordered first by section, then  Cross-references should conventionally be ordered first by section, then
 alphabetically.  alphabetically (ignoring case).
 .Pp  .Pp
 References to other documentation concerning the topic of the manual page,  References to other documentation concerning the topic of the manual page,
 for example authoritative books or journal articles, may also be  for example authoritative books or journal articles, may also be
Line 457  in the alphabetical
Line 468  in the alphabetical
 .It Sx \&Pf Ta prefix, no following horizontal space (one argument)  .It Sx \&Pf Ta prefix, no following horizontal space (one argument)
 .It Sx \&Ns Ta roman font, no preceding horizontal space (no arguments)  .It Sx \&Ns Ta roman font, no preceding horizontal space (no arguments)
 .It Sx \&Ap Ta apostrophe without surrounding whitespace (no arguments)  .It Sx \&Ap Ta apostrophe without surrounding whitespace (no arguments)
 .It Sx \&Sm Ta switch horizontal spacing mode: Cm on | off  .It Sx \&Sm Ta switch horizontal spacing mode: Op Cm on | off
 .It Sx \&Bk , \&Ek Ta keep block: Fl words  .It Sx \&Bk , \&Ek Ta keep block: Fl words
 .It Sx \&br Ta force output line break in text mode (no arguments)  .It Sx \&br Ta force output line break in text mode (no arguments)
 .It Sx \&sp Ta force vertical space: Op Ar height  .It Sx \&sp Ta force vertical space: Op Ar height
Line 477  in the alphabetical
Line 488  in the alphabetical
 .Bl -column "Brq, Bro, Brc" description  .Bl -column "Brq, Bro, Brc" description
 .It Sx \&Lb Ta function library (one argument)  .It Sx \&Lb Ta function library (one argument)
 .It Sx \&In Ta include file (one argument)  .It Sx \&In Ta include file (one argument)
   .It Sx \&Fd Ta other preprocessor directive (>0 arguments)
 .It Sx \&Ft Ta function type (>0 arguments)  .It Sx \&Ft Ta function type (>0 arguments)
 .It Sx \&Fo , \&Fc Ta function block: Ar funcname  .It Sx \&Fo , \&Fc Ta function block: Ar funcname
 .It Sx \&Fn Ta function name:  .It Sx \&Fn Ta function name:
Line 501  in the alphabetical
Line 513  in the alphabetical
 .It Sx \&Cd Ta kernel configuration declaration (>0 arguments)  .It Sx \&Cd Ta kernel configuration declaration (>0 arguments)
 .It Sx \&Ad Ta memory address (>0 arguments)  .It Sx \&Ad Ta memory address (>0 arguments)
 .It Sx \&Ms Ta mathematical symbol (>0 arguments)  .It Sx \&Ms Ta mathematical symbol (>0 arguments)
 .It Sx \&Tn Ta tradename (>0 arguments)  
 .El  .El
 .Ss Physical markup  .Ss Physical markup
 .Bl -column "Brq, Bro, Brc" description  .Bl -column "Brq, Bro, Brc" description
Line 529  in the alphabetical
Line 540  in the alphabetical
 .It Sx \&Ex Fl std Ta standard command exit values: Op Ar utility ...  .It Sx \&Ex Fl std Ta standard command exit values: Op Ar utility ...
 .It Sx \&Rv Fl std Ta standard function return values: Op Ar function ...  .It Sx \&Rv Fl std Ta standard function return values: Op Ar function ...
 .It Sx \&St Ta reference to a standards document (one argument)  .It Sx \&St Ta reference to a standards document (one argument)
 .It Sx \&Ux Ta Ux  
 .It Sx \&At Ta At  .It Sx \&At Ta At
 .It Sx \&Bx Ta Bx  .It Sx \&Bx Ta Bx
 .It Sx \&Bsx Ta Bsx  .It Sx \&Bsx Ta Bsx
Line 657  for all other author listings.
Line 667  for all other author listings.
 .Pp  .Pp
 Examples:  Examples:
 .Dl \&.An -nosplit  .Dl \&.An -nosplit
 .Dl \&.An Kristaps Dzonsons \&Aq kristaps@bsd.lv  .Dl \&.An Kristaps Dzonsons \&Aq \&Mt kristaps@bsd.lv
 .Ss \&Ao  .Ss \&Ao
 Begin a block enclosed by angle brackets.  Begin a block enclosed by angle brackets.
 Does not have any head arguments.  Does not have any head arguments.
Line 711  for fixed strings to be passed verbatim as arguments, 
Line 721  for fixed strings to be passed verbatim as arguments, 
 or  or
 .Sx \&Cm .  .Sx \&Cm .
 .Ss \&At  .Ss \&At
 Formats an AT&T version.  Formats an
   .At
   version.
 Accepts one optional argument:  Accepts one optional argument:
 .Pp  .Pp
 .Bl -tag -width "v[1-7] | 32vX" -offset indent -compact  .Bl -tag -width "v[1-7] | 32vX" -offset indent -compact
Line 738  See also
Line 750  See also
 .Sx \&Dx ,  .Sx \&Dx ,
 .Sx \&Fx ,  .Sx \&Fx ,
 .Sx \&Nx ,  .Sx \&Nx ,
 .Sx \&Ox ,  
 and  and
 .Sx \&Ux .  .Sx \&Ox .
 .Ss \&Bc  .Ss \&Bc
 Close a  Close a
 .Sx \&Bo  .Sx \&Bo
Line 926  The
Line 937  The
 .Fl width  .Fl width
 and  and
 .Fl offset  .Fl offset
 arguments accept scaling widths as described in  arguments accept macro names as described for
 .Xr roff 7  .Sx \&Bd
   .Fl offset ,
   scaling widths as described in
   .Xr roff 7 ,
 or use the length of the given string.  or use the length of the given string.
 The  The
 .Fl offset  .Fl offset
Line 1089  Examples:
Line 1103  Examples:
 See also  See also
 .Sx \&Bro .  .Sx \&Bro .
 .Ss \&Bsx  .Ss \&Bsx
 Format the BSD/OS version provided as an argument, or a default value if  Format the
   .Bsx
   version provided as an argument, or a default value if
 no argument is provided.  no argument is provided.
 .Pp  .Pp
 Examples:  Examples:
Line 1102  See also
Line 1118  See also
 .Sx \&Dx ,  .Sx \&Dx ,
 .Sx \&Fx ,  .Sx \&Fx ,
 .Sx \&Nx ,  .Sx \&Nx ,
 .Sx \&Ox ,  
 and  and
 .Sx \&Ux .  .Sx \&Ox .
 .Ss \&Bt  .Ss \&Bt
   Supported only for compatibility, do not use this in new manuals.
 Prints  Prints
 .Dq is currently in beta test.  .Dq is currently in beta test.
 .Ss \&Bx  .Ss \&Bx
 Format the BSD version provided as an argument, or a default value if no  Format the
   .Bx
   version provided as an argument, or a default value if no
 argument is provided.  argument is provided.
 .Pp  .Pp
 Examples:  Examples:
Line 1123  See also
Line 1141  See also
 .Sx \&Dx ,  .Sx \&Dx ,
 .Sx \&Fx ,  .Sx \&Fx ,
 .Sx \&Nx ,  .Sx \&Nx ,
 .Sx \&Ox ,  
 and  and
 .Sx \&Ux .  .Sx \&Ox .
 .Ss \&Cd  .Ss \&Cd
 Kernel configuration declaration.  Kernel configuration declaration.
 This denotes strings accepted by  This denotes strings accepted by
Line 1168  See also
Line 1185  See also
 and  and
 .Sx \&Dl .  .Sx \&Dl .
 .Ss \&Db  .Ss \&Db
 Switch debugging mode.  This macro is obsolete.
 Its syntax is as follows:  No replacement is needed.
 .Pp  It is ignored by
 .D1 Pf \. Sx \&Db Cm on | off  .Xr mandoc 1
 .Pp  and groff including its arguments.
 This macro is ignored by  It was formerly used to toggle a debugging mode.
 .Xr mandoc 1 .  
 .Ss \&Dc  .Ss \&Dc
 Close a  Close a
 .Sx \&Do  .Sx \&Do
 block.  block.
 Does not have any tail arguments.  Does not have any tail arguments.
 .Ss \&Dd  .Ss \&Dd
 Document date.  Document date for display in the page footer.
 This is the mandatory first macro of any  This is the mandatory first macro of any
 .Nm  .Nm
 manual.  manual.
Line 1210  the special string
Line 1226  the special string
 .Dq $\&Mdocdate$  .Dq $\&Mdocdate$
 can be given as an argument.  can be given as an argument.
 .It  .It
 A few alternative date formats are accepted as well  The traditional, purely numeric
 and converted to the standard form.  .Xr man 7
   format
   .Ar year Ns \(en Ns Ar month Ns \(en Ns Ar day
   is accepted, too.
 .It  .It
 If a date string cannot be parsed, it is used verbatim.  If a date string cannot be parsed, it is used verbatim.
 .It  .It
Line 1228  See also
Line 1247  See also
 and  and
 .Sx \&Os .  .Sx \&Os .
 .Ss \&Dl  .Ss \&Dl
 One-line intended display.  One-line indented display.
 This is formatted as literal text and is useful for commands and  This is formatted as literal text and is useful for commands and
 invocations.  invocations.
 It is followed by a newline.  It is followed by a newline.
Line 1271  See also
Line 1290  See also
 and  and
 .Sx \&Do .  .Sx \&Do .
 .Ss \&Dt  .Ss \&Dt
 Document title.  Document title for display in the page header.
 This is the mandatory second macro of any  This is the mandatory second macro of any
 .Nm  .Nm
 file.  file.
 Its syntax is as follows:  Its syntax is as follows:
 .Bd -ragged -offset indent  .Bd -ragged -offset indent
 .Pf \. Sx \&Dt  .Pf \. Sx \&Dt
 .Oo  .Ar TITLE
 .Ar title  
 .Oo  
 .Ar section  .Ar section
 .Op Ar volume  .Op Ar volume | arch
 .Op Ar arch  
 .Oc  
 .Oc  
 .Ed  .Ed
 .Pp  .Pp
 Its arguments are as follows:  Its arguments are as follows:
 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset Ds  .Bl -tag -width section -offset 2n
 .It Ar title  .It Ar TITLE
 The document's title (name), defaulting to  The document's title (name), defaulting to
 .Dq UNKNOWN  .Dq UNTITLED
 if unspecified.  if unspecified.
 It should be capitalised.  To achieve a uniform appearance of page header lines,
   it should by convention be all caps.
 .It Ar section  .It Ar section
 The manual section.  The manual section.
 This may be one of  This may be one of
 .Ar 1  .Cm 1
 .Pq utilities ,  .Pq utilities ,
 .Ar 2  .Cm 2
 .Pq system calls ,  .Pq system calls ,
 .Ar 3  .Cm 3
 .Pq libraries ,  .Pq libraries ,
 .Ar 3p  .Cm 3p
 .Pq Perl libraries ,  .Pq Perl libraries ,
 .Ar 4  .Cm 4
 .Pq devices ,  .Pq devices ,
 .Ar 5  .Cm 5
 .Pq file formats ,  .Pq file formats ,
 .Ar 6  .Cm 6
 .Pq games ,  .Pq games ,
 .Ar 7  .Cm 7
 .Pq miscellaneous ,  .Pq miscellaneous ,
 .Ar 8  .Cm 8
 .Pq system utilities ,  .Pq system utilities ,
 .Ar 9  .Cm 9
 .Pq kernel functions ,  .Pq kernel functions ,
 .Ar X11  .Cm X11
 .Pq X Window System ,  .Pq X Window System ,
 .Ar X11R6  .Cm X11R6
 .Pq X Window System ,  .Pq X Window System ,
 .Ar unass  .Cm unass
 .Pq unassociated ,  .Pq unassociated ,
 .Ar local  .Cm local
 .Pq local system ,  .Pq local system ,
 .Ar draft  .Cm draft
 .Pq draft manual ,  .Pq draft manual ,
 or  or
 .Ar paper  .Cm paper
 .Pq paper .  .Pq paper .
 It should correspond to the manual's filename suffix and defaults to  It should correspond to the manual's filename suffix and defaults to
 .Dq 1  the empty string if unspecified.
 if unspecified.  
 .It Ar volume  .It Ar volume
 This overrides the volume inferred from  This overrides the volume inferred from
 .Ar section .  .Ar section .
 This field is optional, and if specified, must be one of  This field is optional, and if specified, must be one of
 .Ar USD  .Cm USD
 .Pq users' supplementary documents ,  .Pq users' supplementary documents ,
 .Ar PS1  .Cm PS1
 .Pq programmers' supplementary documents ,  .Pq programmers' supplementary documents ,
 .Ar AMD  .Cm AMD
 .Pq administrators' supplementary documents ,  .Pq administrators' supplementary documents ,
 .Ar SMM  .Cm SMM
 .Pq system managers' manuals ,  .Pq system managers' manuals ,
 .Ar URM  .Cm URM
 .Pq users' reference manuals ,  .Pq users' reference manuals ,
 .Ar PRM  .Cm PRM
 .Pq programmers' reference manuals ,  .Pq programmers' reference manuals ,
 .Ar KM  .Cm KM
 .Pq kernel manuals ,  .Pq kernel manuals ,
 .Ar IND  .Cm IND
 .Pq master index ,  .Pq master index ,
 .Ar MMI  .Cm MMI
 .Pq master index ,  .Pq master index ,
 .Ar LOCAL  .Cm LOCAL
 .Pq local manuals ,  .Pq local manuals ,
 .Ar LOC  .Cm LOC
 .Pq local manuals ,  .Pq local manuals ,
 or  or
 .Ar CON  .Cm CON
 .Pq contributed manuals .  .Pq contributed manuals .
 .It Ar arch  .It Ar arch
 This specifies the machine architecture a manual page applies to,  This specifies the machine architecture a manual page applies to,
Line 1371  where relevant, for example
Line 1385  where relevant, for example
 .Cm i386 ,  .Cm i386 ,
 or  or
 .Cm sparc64 .  .Cm sparc64 .
 The list of supported architectures varies by operating system.  The list of valid architectures varies by operating system.
 For the full list of all architectures recognized by  
 .Xr mandoc 1 ,  
 see the file  
 .Pa arch.in  
 in the source distribution.  
 .El  .El
 .Pp  .Pp
 Examples:  Examples:
Line 1401  See also
Line 1410  See also
 .Sx \&Er  .Sx \&Er
 and  and
 .Sx \&Ev  .Sx \&Ev
 for special-purpose constants and  for special-purpose constants,
 .Sx \&Va  .Sx \&Va
 for variable symbols.  for variable symbols, and
   .Sx \&Fd
   for listing preprocessor variable definitions in the
   .Em SYNOPSIS .
 .Ss \&Dx  .Ss \&Dx
 Format the DragonFly BSD version provided as an argument, or a default  Format the
   .Dx
   version provided as an argument, or a default
 value if no argument is provided.  value if no argument is provided.
 .Pp  .Pp
 Examples:  Examples:
Line 1418  See also
Line 1432  See also
 .Sx \&Bx ,  .Sx \&Bx ,
 .Sx \&Fx ,  .Sx \&Fx ,
 .Sx \&Nx ,  .Sx \&Nx ,
 .Sx \&Ox ,  
 and  and
 .Sx \&Ux .  .Sx \&Ox .
 .Ss \&Ec  .Ss \&Ec
 Close a scope started by  Close a scope started by
 .Sx \&Eo .  .Sx \&Eo .
Line 1451  See also
Line 1464  See also
 and  and
 .Sx \&It .  .Sx \&It .
 .Ss \&Em  .Ss \&Em
 Denotes text that should be  Request an italic font.
 .Em emphasised .  If the output device does not provide that, underline.
 Note that this is a presentation term and should not be used for  
 stylistically decorating technical terms.  
 Depending on the output device, this is usually represented  
 using an italic font or underlined characters.  
 .Pp  .Pp
   This is most often used for stress emphasis (not to be confused with
   importance, see
   .Sx \&Sy ) .
   In the rare cases where none of the semantic markup macros fit,
   it can also be used for technical terms and placeholders, except
   that for syntax elements,
   .Sx \&Sy
   and
   .Sx \&Ar
   are preferred, respectively.
   .Pp
 Examples:  Examples:
 .Dl \&.Em Warnings!  .Bd -literal -compact -offset indent
 .Dl \&.Em Remarks :  Selected lines are those
   \&.Em not
   matching any of the specified patterns.
   Some of the functions use a
   \&.Em hold space
   to save the pattern space for subsequent retrieval.
   .Ed
 .Pp  .Pp
 See also  See also
 .Sx \&Bf ,  .Sx \&Bf ,
Line 1469  See also
Line 1495  See also
 and  and
 .Sx \&Sy .  .Sx \&Sy .
 .Ss \&En  .Ss \&En
 This macro is obsolete and not implemented in  This macro is obsolete.
 .Xr mandoc 1 .  Use
   .Sx \&Eo
   or any of the other enclosure macros.
   .Pp
   It encloses its argument in the delimiters specified by the last
   .Sx \&Es
   macro.
 .Ss \&Eo  .Ss \&Eo
 An arbitrary enclosure.  An arbitrary enclosure.
 Its syntax is as follows:  Its syntax is as follows:
Line 1496  See also
Line 1528  See also
 .Sx \&Dv  .Sx \&Dv
 for general constants.  for general constants.
 .Ss \&Es  .Ss \&Es
 This macro is obsolete and not implemented.  This macro is obsolete.
   Use
   .Sx \&Eo
   or any of the other enclosure macros.
   .Pp
   It takes two arguments, defining the delimiters to be used by subsequent
   .Sx \&En
   macros.
 .Ss \&Ev  .Ss \&Ev
 Environmental variables such as those specified in  Environmental variables such as those specified in
 .Xr environ 7 .  .Xr environ 7 .
Line 1528  arguments are treated as separate utilities.
Line 1567  arguments are treated as separate utilities.
 See also  See also
 .Sx \&Rv .  .Sx \&Rv .
 .Ss \&Fa  .Ss \&Fa
 Function argument.  Function argument or parameter.
 Its syntax is as follows:  Its syntax is as follows:
 .Bd -ragged -offset indent  .Bd -ragged -offset indent
 .Pf \. Sx \&Fa  .Pf \. Sx \&Fa
 .Op Cm argtype  .Qo
 .Cm argname  .Op Ar argtype
   .Op Ar argname
   .Qc Ar \&...
 .Ed  .Ed
 .Pp  .Pp
 This may be invoked for names with or without the corresponding type.  Each argument may be a name and a type (recommended for the
 It is also used to specify the field name of a structure.  .Em SYNOPSIS
   section), a name alone (for function invocations),
   or a type alone (for function prototypes).
   If both a type and a name are given or if the type consists of multiple
   words, all words belonging to the same function argument have to be
   given in a single argument to the
   .Sx \&Fa
   macro.
   .Pp
   This macro is also used to specify the field name of a structure.
   .Pp
 Most often, the  Most often, the
 .Sx \&Fa  .Sx \&Fa
 macro is used in the  macro is used in the
 .Em SYNOPSIS  .Em SYNOPSIS
 within  within
 .Sx \&Fo  .Sx \&Fo
 section when documenting multi-line function prototypes.  blocks when documenting multi-line function prototypes.
 If invoked with multiple arguments, the arguments are separated by a  If invoked with multiple arguments, the arguments are separated by a
 comma.  comma.
 Furthermore, if the following macro is another  Furthermore, if the following macro is another
Line 1554  the last argument will also have a trailing comma.
Line 1605  the last argument will also have a trailing comma.
 Examples:  Examples:
 .Dl \&.Fa \(dqconst char *p\(dq  .Dl \&.Fa \(dqconst char *p\(dq
 .Dl \&.Fa \(dqint a\(dq \(dqint b\(dq \(dqint c\(dq  .Dl \&.Fa \(dqint a\(dq \(dqint b\(dq \(dqint c\(dq
 .Dl \&.Fa foo  .Dl \&.Fa \(dqchar *\(dq size_t
 .Pp  .Pp
 See also  See also
 .Sx \&Fo .  .Sx \&Fo .
Line 1562  See also
Line 1613  See also
 End a function context started by  End a function context started by
 .Sx \&Fo .  .Sx \&Fo .
 .Ss \&Fd  .Ss \&Fd
 Historically used to document include files.  Preprocessor directive, in particular for listing it in the
 This usage has been deprecated in favour of  .Em SYNOPSIS .
   Historically, it was also used to document include files.
   The latter usage has been deprecated in favour of
 .Sx \&In .  .Sx \&In .
 Do not use this macro.  
 .Pp  .Pp
   Its syntax is as follows:
   .Bd -ragged -offset indent
   .Pf \. Sx \&Fd
   .Li # Ns Ar directive
   .Op Ar argument ...
   .Ed
   .Pp
   Examples:
   .Dl \&.Fd #define sa_handler __sigaction_u.__sa_handler
   .Dl \&.Fd #define SIO_MAXNFDS
   .Dl \&.Fd #ifdef FS_DEBUG
   .Dl \&.Ft void
   .Dl \&.Fn dbg_open \(dqconst char *\(dq
   .Dl \&.Fd #endif
   .Pp
 See also  See also
 .Sx MANUAL STRUCTURE  .Sx MANUAL STRUCTURE ,
   .Sx \&In ,
 and  and
 .Sx \&In .  .Sx \&Dv .
 .Ss \&Fl  .Ss \&Fl
 Command-line flag or option.  Command-line flag or option.
 Used when listing arguments to command-line utilities.  Used when listing arguments to command-line utilities.
Line 1640  Invocations usually occur in the following context:
Line 1708  Invocations usually occur in the following context:
 .br  .br
 .Pf \. Sx \&Fo Ar funcname  .Pf \. Sx \&Fo Ar funcname
 .br  .br
 .Pf \. Sx \&Fa Oo Ar argtype Oc Ar argname  .Pf \. Sx \&Fa Qq Ar argtype Ar argname
 .br  .br
 \&.\.\.  \&.\.\.
 .br  .br
Line 1659  See also
Line 1727  See also
 and  and
 .Sx \&Ft .  .Sx \&Ft .
 .Ss \&Fr  .Ss \&Fr
 This macro is obsolete and not implemented in  This macro is obsolete.
 .Xr mandoc 1 .  No replacement markup is needed.
 .Pp  .Pp
 It was used to show function return values.  It was used to show numerical function return values in an italic font.
 The syntax was:  
 .Pp  
 .Dl Pf . Sx \&Fr Ar value  
 .Ss \&Ft  .Ss \&Ft
 A function type.  A function type.
 Its syntax is as follows:  Its syntax is as follows:
Line 1704  See also
Line 1769  See also
 .Sx \&Bx ,  .Sx \&Bx ,
 .Sx \&Dx ,  .Sx \&Dx ,
 .Sx \&Nx ,  .Sx \&Nx ,
 .Sx \&Ox ,  
 and  and
 .Sx \&Ux .  .Sx \&Ox .
 .Ss \&Hf  .Ss \&Hf
 This macro is not implemented in  This macro is not implemented in
 .Xr mandoc 1 .  .Xr mandoc 1 .
Line 1851  section as described in
Line 1915  section as described in
 .Pp  .Pp
 Examples:  Examples:
 .Dl \&.Lb libz  .Dl \&.Lb libz
 .Dl \&.Lb mdoc  .Dl \&.Lb libmandoc
 .Ss \&Li  .Ss \&Li
 Denotes text that should be in a  Denotes text that should be in a
 .Li literal  .Li literal
Line 1902  Its syntax is as follows:
Line 1966  Its syntax is as follows:
 .Pp  .Pp
 Examples:  Examples:
 .Dl \&.Mt discuss@manpages.bsd.lv  .Dl \&.Mt discuss@manpages.bsd.lv
   .Dl \&.An Kristaps Dzonsons \&Aq \&Mt kristaps@bsd.lv
 .Ss \&Nd  .Ss \&Nd
 A one line description of the manual's content.  A one line description of the manual's content.
 This may only be invoked in the  This may only be invoked in the
Line 2023  See also
Line 2088  See also
 .Sx \&Bx ,  .Sx \&Bx ,
 .Sx \&Dx ,  .Sx \&Dx ,
 .Sx \&Fx ,  .Sx \&Fx ,
 .Sx \&Ox ,  
 and  and
 .Sx \&Ux .  .Sx \&Ox .
 .Ss \&Oc  .Ss \&Oc
 Close multi-line  Close multi-line
 .Sx \&Oo  .Sx \&Oo
Line 2054  Examples:
Line 2118  Examples:
 See also  See also
 .Sx \&Oo .  .Sx \&Oo .
 .Ss \&Os  .Ss \&Os
 Document operating system version.  Operating system version for display in the page footer.
 This is the mandatory third macro of  This is the mandatory third macro of
 any  any
 .Nm  .Nm
Line 2079  See also
Line 2143  See also
 and  and
 .Sx \&Dt .  .Sx \&Dt .
 .Ss \&Ot  .Ss \&Ot
 This macro is obsolete and not implemented in  This macro is obsolete.
 .Xr mandoc 1 .  Use
   .Sx \&Ft
   instead; with
   .Xr mandoc 1 ,
   both have the same effect.
 .Pp  .Pp
 Historical  Historical
 .Xr mdoc 7  .Nm
 packages described it as  packages described it as
 .Dq "old function type (FORTRAN)" .  .Dq "old function type (FORTRAN)" .
 .Ss \&Ox  .Ss \&Ox
Line 2102  See also
Line 2170  See also
 .Sx \&Bx ,  .Sx \&Bx ,
 .Sx \&Dx ,  .Sx \&Dx ,
 .Sx \&Fx ,  .Sx \&Fx ,
 .Sx \&Nx ,  
 and  and
 .Sx \&Ux .  .Sx \&Nx .
 .Ss \&Pa  .Ss \&Pa
 An absolute or relative file system path, or a file or directory name.  An absolute or relative file system path, or a file or directory name.
 If an argument is not provided, the character  If an argument is not provided, the character
Line 2278  and
Line 2345  and
 Switches the spacing mode for output generated from macros.  Switches the spacing mode for output generated from macros.
 Its syntax is as follows:  Its syntax is as follows:
 .Pp  .Pp
 .D1 Pf \. Sx \&Sm Cm on | off  .D1 Pf \. Sx \&Sm Op Cm on | off
 .Pp  .Pp
 By default, spacing is  By default, spacing is
 .Cm on .  .Cm on .
Line 2287  When switched
Line 2354  When switched
 no white space is inserted between macro arguments and between the  no white space is inserted between macro arguments and between the
 output generated from adjacent macros, but text lines  output generated from adjacent macros, but text lines
 still get normal spacing between words and sentences.  still get normal spacing between words and sentences.
   .Pp
   When called without an argument, the
   .Sx \&Sm
   macro toggles the spacing mode.
   Using this is not recommended because it makes the code harder to read.
 .Ss \&So  .Ss \&So
 Multi-line version of  Multi-line version of
 .Sx \&Sq .  .Sx \&Sq .
Line 2324  and
Line 2396  and
 .Sx \&Sx .  .Sx \&Sx .
 .Ss \&St  .Ss \&St
 Replace an abbreviation for a standard with the full form.  Replace an abbreviation for a standard with the full form.
 The following standards are recognised:  The following standards are recognised.
   Where multiple lines are given without a blank line in between,
   they all refer to the same standard, and using the first form
   is recommended.
   .Bl -tag -width 1n
   .It C language standards
 .Pp  .Pp
 .Bl -tag -width "-p1003.1g-2000X" -compact  .Bl -tag -width "-p1003.1g-2000" -compact
 .It \-p1003.1-88  .It \-ansiC
 .St -p1003.1-88  .St -ansiC
 .It \-p1003.1-90  .It \-ansiC-89
 .St -p1003.1-90  .St -ansiC-89
 .It \-p1003.1-96  
 .St -p1003.1-96  
 .It \-p1003.1-2001  
 .St -p1003.1-2001  
 .It \-p1003.1-2004  
 .St -p1003.1-2004  
 .It \-p1003.1-2008  
 .St -p1003.1-2008  
 .It \-p1003.1  
 .St -p1003.1  
 .It \-p1003.1b  
 .St -p1003.1b  
 .It \-p1003.1b-93  
 .St -p1003.1b-93  
 .It \-p1003.1c-95  
 .St -p1003.1c-95  
 .It \-p1003.1g-2000  
 .St -p1003.1g-2000  
 .It \-p1003.1i-95  
 .St -p1003.1i-95  
 .It \-p1003.2-92  
 .St -p1003.2-92  
 .It \-p1003.2a-92  
 .St -p1003.2a-92  
 .It \-p1387.2-95  
 .St -p1387.2-95  
 .It \-p1003.2  
 .St -p1003.2  
 .It \-p1387.2  
 .St -p1387.2  
 .It \-isoC  .It \-isoC
 .St -isoC  .St -isoC
 .It \-isoC-90  .It \-isoC-90
 .St -isoC-90  .St -isoC-90
   .br
   The original C standard.
   .Pp
 .It \-isoC-amd1  .It \-isoC-amd1
 .St -isoC-amd1  .St -isoC-amd1
   .Pp
 .It \-isoC-tcor1  .It \-isoC-tcor1
 .St -isoC-tcor1  .St -isoC-tcor1
   .Pp
 .It \-isoC-tcor2  .It \-isoC-tcor2
 .St -isoC-tcor2  .St -isoC-tcor2
   .Pp
 .It \-isoC-99  .It \-isoC-99
 .St -isoC-99  .St -isoC-99
   .It \-ansiC-99
   .St -ansiC-99
   .br
   The second major version of the C language standard.
   .Pp
 .It \-isoC-2011  .It \-isoC-2011
 .St -isoC-2011  .St -isoC-2011
   .br
   The third major version of the C language standard.
   .El
   .It POSIX.1 before the Single UNIX Specification
   .Pp
   .Bl -tag -width "-p1003.1g-2000" -compact
   .It \-p1003.1-88
   .St -p1003.1-88
   .It \-p1003.1
   .St -p1003.1
   .br
   The original POSIX standard, based on ANSI C.
   .Pp
   .It \-p1003.1-90
   .St -p1003.1-90
 .It \-iso9945-1-90  .It \-iso9945-1-90
 .St -iso9945-1-90  .St -iso9945-1-90
   .br
   The first update of POSIX.1.
   .Pp
   .It \-p1003.1b-93
   .St -p1003.1b-93
   .It \-p1003.1b
   .St -p1003.1b
   .br
   Real-time extensions.
   .Pp
   .It \-p1003.1c-95
   .St -p1003.1c-95
   .br
   POSIX thread interfaces.
   .Pp
   .It \-p1003.1i-95
   .St -p1003.1i-95
   .br
   Technical Corrigendum.
   .Pp
   .It \-p1003.1-96
   .St -p1003.1-96
 .It \-iso9945-1-96  .It \-iso9945-1-96
 .St -iso9945-1-96  .St -iso9945-1-96
 .It \-iso9945-2-93  .br
 .St -iso9945-2-93  Includes POSIX.1-1990, 1b, 1c, and 1i.
 .It \-ansiC  .El
 .St -ansiC  .It X/Open Portability Guide version 4 and related standards
 .It \-ansiC-89  .Pp
 .St -ansiC-89  .Bl -tag -width "-p1003.1g-2000" -compact
 .It \-ansiC-99  
 .St -ansiC-99  
 .It \-ieee754  
 .St -ieee754  
 .It \-iso8802-3  
 .St -iso8802-3  
 .It \-iso8601  
 .St -iso8601  
 .It \-ieee1275-94  
 .St -ieee1275-94  
 .It \-xpg3  .It \-xpg3
 .St -xpg3  .St -xpg3
   .br
   An XPG4 precursor, published in 1989.
   .Pp
   .It \-p1003.2
   .St -p1003.2
   .It \-p1003.2-92
   .St -p1003.2-92
   .It \-iso9945-2-93
   .St -iso9945-2-93
   .br
   An XCU4 precursor.
   .Pp
   .It \-p1003.2a-92
   .St -p1003.2a-92
   .br
   Updates to POSIX.2.
   .Pp
 .It \-xpg4  .It \-xpg4
 .St -xpg4  .St -xpg4
   .br
   Based on POSIX.1 and POSIX.2, published in 1992.
   .El
   .It Single UNIX Specification version 1 and related standards
   .Pp
   .Bl -tag -width "-p1003.1g-2000" -compact
   .It \-susv1
   .St -susv1
 .It \-xpg4.2  .It \-xpg4.2
 .St -xpg4.2  .St -xpg4.2
   .br
   This standard was published in 1994.
   It was used as the basis for UNIX 95 certification.
   The following three refer to parts of it.
   .Pp
   .It \-xsh4.2
   .St -xsh4.2
   .Pp
   .It \-xcurses4.2
   .St -xcurses4.2
   .Pp
   .It \-p1003.1g-2000
   .St -p1003.1g-2000
   .br
   Networking APIs, including sockets.
   .Pp
 .It \-xpg4.3  .It \-xpg4.3
 .St -xpg4.3  .St -xpg4.3
   .Pp
   .It \-svid4
   .St -svid4 ,
   .br
   Published in 1995.
   .El
   .It Single UNIX Specification version 2 and related standards
   .Pp
   .Bl -tag -width "-p1003.1g-2000" -compact
   .It \-susv2
   .St -susv2
   This Standard was published in 1997
   and is also called X/Open Portability Guide version 5.
   It was used as the basis for UNIX 98 certification.
   The following refer to parts of it.
   .Pp
 .It \-xbd5  .It \-xbd5
 .St -xbd5  .St -xbd5
 .It \-xcu5  .Pp
 .St -xcu5  
 .It \-xsh5  .It \-xsh5
 .St -xsh5  .St -xsh5
   .Pp
   .It \-xcu5
   .St -xcu5
   .Pp
 .It \-xns5  .It \-xns5
 .St -xns5  .St -xns5
 .It \-xns5.2  .It \-xns5.2
 .St -xns5.2  .St -xns5.2
 .It \-xns5.2d2.0  .El
 .St -xns5.2d2.0  .It Single UNIX Specification version 3 and related standards
 .It \-xcurses4.2  .Pp
 .St -xcurses4.2  .Bl -tag -width "-p1003.1g-2000X" -compact
 .It \-susv2  .It \-p1003.1d-99
 .St -susv2  .St -p1003.1d-99
   .br
   Additional real-time extensions.
   .Pp
   .It \-p1003.1-2001
   .St -p1003.1-2001
 .It \-susv3  .It \-susv3
 .St -susv3  .St -susv3
 .It \-svid4  .br
 .St -svid4  This standard is based on C99, SUSv2, POSIX.1-1996, 1d, and 1j.
   It is also called X/Open Portability Guide version 6.
   It is used as the basis for UNIX 03 certification.
   .Pp
   .It \-p1003.1-2004
   .St -p1003.1-2004
   .br
   The second and last Technical Corrigendum.
 .El  .El
   .It Single UNIX Specification version 4
   .Pp
   .Bl -tag -width "-p1003.1g-2000" -compact
   .It \-p1003.1-2008
   .St -p1003.1-2008
   .It \-susv4
   .St -susv4
   .br
   This standard is also called
   X/Open Portability Guide version 7.
   .Pp
   .It \-p1003.1-2013
   .St -p1003.1-2013
   .br
   This is the first Technical Corrigendum.
   .El
   .It Other standards
   .Pp
   .Bl -tag -width "-p1003.1g-2000" -compact
   .It \-ieee754
   .St -ieee754
   .br
   Floating-point arithmetic.
   .Pp
   .It \-iso8601
   .St -iso8601
   .br
   Representation of dates and times, published in 1988.
   .Pp
   .It \-iso8802-3
   .St -iso8802-3
   .br
   Ethernet local area networks.
   .Pp
   .It \-ieee1275-94
   .St -ieee1275-94
   .El
   .El
 .Ss \&Sx  .Ss \&Sx
 Reference a section or subsection in the same manual page.  Reference a section or subsection in the same manual page.
 The referenced section or subsection name must be identical to the  The referenced section or subsection name must be identical to the
Line 2437  See also
Line 2632  See also
 and  and
 .Sx \&Ss .  .Sx \&Ss .
 .Ss \&Sy  .Ss \&Sy
 Format enclosed arguments in symbolic  Request a boldface font.
 .Pq Dq boldface .  
 Note that this is a presentation term and should not be used for  
 stylistically decorating technical terms.  
 .Pp  .Pp
   This is most often used to indicate importance or seriousness (not to be
   confused with stress emphasis, see
   .Sx \&Em ) .
   When none of the semantic macros fit, it is also adequate for syntax
   elements that have to be given or that appear verbatim.
   .Pp
   Examples:
   .Bd -literal -compact -offset indent
   \&.Sy Warning :
   If
   \&.Sy s
   appears in the owner permissions, set-user-ID mode is set.
   This utility replaces the former
   \&.Sy dumpdir
   program.
   .Ed
   .Pp
 See also  See also
 .Sx \&Bf ,  .Sx \&Bf ,
 .Sx \&Em ,  .Sx \&Em ,
Line 2454  Table cell separator in
Line 2663  Table cell separator in
 lists; can only be used below  lists; can only be used below
 .Sx \&It .  .Sx \&It .
 .Ss \&Tn  .Ss \&Tn
 Format a tradename.  Supported only for compatibility, do not use this in new manuals.
 .Pp  Even though the macro name
 Since this macro is often implemented to use a small caps font,  .Pq Dq tradename
 it has historically been used for acronyms (like ASCII) as well.  suggests a semantic function, historic usage is inconsistent, mostly
 Such usage is not recommended because it would use the same macro  using it as a presentation-level macro to request a small caps font.
 sometimes for semantical annotation, sometimes for physical formatting.  
 .Pp  
 Examples:  
 .Dl \&.Tn IBM  
 .Ss \&Ud  .Ss \&Ud
   Supported only for compatibility, do not use this in new manuals.
 Prints out  Prints out
 .Dq currently under development.  .Dq currently under development.
 .Ss \&Ux  .Ss \&Ux
 Format the UNIX name.  Supported only for compatibility, do not use this in new manuals.
 Accepts no argument.  Prints out
 .Pp  .Dq Ux .
 Examples:  
 .Dl \&.Ux  
 .Pp  
 See also  
 .Sx \&At ,  
 .Sx \&Bsx ,  
 .Sx \&Bx ,  
 .Sx \&Dx ,  
 .Sx \&Fx ,  
 .Sx \&Nx ,  
 and  
 .Sx \&Ox .  
 .Ss \&Va  .Ss \&Va
 A variable name.  A variable name.
 .Pp  .Pp
 Examples:  Examples:
 .Dl \&.Va foo  .Dl \&.Va foo
 .Dl \&.Va const char *bar ;  .Dl \&.Va const char *bar ;
   .Pp
   For function arguments and parameters, use
   .Sx \&Fa
   instead.
   For declarations of global variables in the
   .Em SYNOPSIS
   section, use
   .Sx \&Vt .
 .Ss \&Vt  .Ss \&Vt
 A variable type.  A variable type.
   .Pp
 This is also used for indicating global variables in the  This is also used for indicating global variables in the
 .Em SYNOPSIS  .Em SYNOPSIS
 section, in which case a variable name is also specified.  section, in which case a variable name is also specified.
Line 2504  In the former case, this macro starts a new output lin
Line 2707  In the former case, this macro starts a new output lin
 and a blank line is inserted in front if there is a preceding  and a blank line is inserted in front if there is a preceding
 function definition or include directive.  function definition or include directive.
 .Pp  .Pp
 Note that this should not be confused with  
 .Sx \&Ft ,  
 which is used for function return types.  
 .Pp  
 Examples:  Examples:
 .Dl \&.Vt unsigned char  .Dl \&.Vt unsigned char
 .Dl \&.Vt extern const char * const sys_signame[] \&;  .Dl \&.Vt extern const char * const sys_signame[] \&;
 .Pp  .Pp
   For parameters in function prototypes, use
   .Sx \&Fa
   instead, for function return types
   .Sx \&Ft ,
   and for variable names outside the
   .Em SYNOPSIS
   section
   .Sx \&Va ,
   even when including a type with the name.
 See also  See also
 .Sx MANUAL STRUCTURE  .Sx MANUAL STRUCTURE .
 and  
 .Sx \&Va .  
 .Ss \&Xc  .Ss \&Xc
 Close a scope opened by  Close a scope opened by
 .Sx \&Xo .  .Sx \&Xo .
Line 2733  end of the line.
Line 2939  end of the line.
 .It Sx \&D1  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&Yes  .It Sx \&D1  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&Yes
 .It Sx \&Dl  Ta    \&No     Ta    Yes  .It Sx \&Dl  Ta    \&No     Ta    Yes
 .It Sx \&Dq  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes  .It Sx \&Dq  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes
   .It Sx \&En  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes
 .It Sx \&Op  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes  .It Sx \&Op  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes
 .It Sx \&Pq  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes  .It Sx \&Pq  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes
 .It Sx \&Ql  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes  .It Sx \&Ql  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes
Line 2810  then the macro accepts an arbitrary number of argument
Line 3017  then the macro accepts an arbitrary number of argument
 .It Sx \&Dv  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0  .It Sx \&Dv  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0
 .It Sx \&Dx  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    n  .It Sx \&Dx  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    n
 .It Sx \&Em  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0  .It Sx \&Em  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0
 .It Sx \&En  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    0  
 .It Sx \&Er  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0  .It Sx \&Er  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0
 .It Sx \&Es  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    0  .It Sx \&Es  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    2
 .It Sx \&Ev  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0  .It Sx \&Ev  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0
 .It Sx \&Ex  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    n  .It Sx \&Ex  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    n
 .It Sx \&Fa  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0  .It Sx \&Fa  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0
 .It Sx \&Fd  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    >0  .It Sx \&Fd  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    >0
 .It Sx \&Fl  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    n  .It Sx \&Fl  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    n
 .It Sx \&Fn  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0  .It Sx \&Fn  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0
 .It Sx \&Fr  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    n  .It Sx \&Fr  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0
 .It Sx \&Ft  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0  .It Sx \&Ft  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0
 .It Sx \&Fx  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    n  .It Sx \&Fx  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    n
 .It Sx \&Hf  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    n  .It Sx \&Hf  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    n
Line 2836  then the macro accepts an arbitrary number of argument
Line 3042  then the macro accepts an arbitrary number of argument
 .It Sx \&Ns  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    0  .It Sx \&Ns  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    0
 .It Sx \&Nx  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    n  .It Sx \&Nx  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    n
 .It Sx \&Os  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    n  .It Sx \&Os  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    n
 .It Sx \&Ot  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    n  .It Sx \&Ot  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0
 .It Sx \&Ox  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    n  .It Sx \&Ox  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    n
 .It Sx \&Pa  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    n  .It Sx \&Pa  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    n
 .It Sx \&Pf  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    1  .It Sx \&Pf  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    1
 .It Sx \&Pp  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    0  .It Sx \&Pp  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    0
 .It Sx \&Rv  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    n  .It Sx \&Rv  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    n
 .It Sx \&Sm  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    1  .It Sx \&Sm  Ta    \&No     Ta    \&No     Ta    <2
 .It Sx \&St  Ta    \&No     Ta    Yes      Ta    1  .It Sx \&St  Ta    \&No     Ta    Yes      Ta    1
 .It Sx \&Sx  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0  .It Sx \&Sx  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0
 .It Sx \&Sy  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0  .It Sx \&Sy  Ta    Yes      Ta    Yes      Ta    >0
Line 2958  Manually switching the font using the
Line 3164  Manually switching the font using the
 .Ql \ef  .Ql \ef
 font escape sequences is never required.  font escape sequences is never required.
 .Sh COMPATIBILITY  .Sh COMPATIBILITY
 This section documents compatibility between mandoc and other other  This section provides an incomplete list of compatibility issues
 troff implementations, at this time limited to GNU troff  between mandoc and other troff implementations, at this time limited
   to GNU troff
 .Pq Qq groff .  .Pq Qq groff .
 The term  The term
 .Qq historic groff  .Qq historic groff
Line 3068  certain list types.
Line 3275  certain list types.
 can only be called by other macros, but not at the beginning of a line.  can only be called by other macros, but not at the beginning of a line.
 .It  .It
 .Sx \&%C  .Sx \&%C
 is not implemented.  is not implemented (up to and including groff-1.22.2).
 .It  .It
 Historic groff only allows up to eight or nine arguments per macro input  Historic groff only allows up to eight or nine arguments per macro input
 line, depending on the exact situation.  line, depending on the exact situation.
Line 3086  in new groff and mandoc.
Line 3293  in new groff and mandoc.
 .Sq \ef  .Sq \ef
 .Pq font face  .Pq font face
 and  and
 .Sq \ef  .Sq \eF
 .Pq font family face  .Pq font family face
 .Sx Text Decoration  .Sx Text Decoration
 escapes behave irregularly when specified within line-macro scopes.  escapes behave irregularly when specified within line-macro scopes.
Line 3103  The following features are unimplemented in mandoc:
Line 3310  The following features are unimplemented in mandoc:
 .Fl file Ar file .  .Fl file Ar file .
 .It  .It
 .Sx \&Bd  .Sx \&Bd
 .Fl offset Ar center  .Fl offset Cm center
 and  and
 .Fl offset Ar right .  .Fl offset Cm right .
 Groff does not implement centred and flush-right rendering either,  Groff does not implement centred and flush-right rendering either,
 but produces large indentations.  but produces large indentations.
 .It  
 The  
 .Sq \eh  
 .Pq horizontal position ,  
 .Sq \ev  
 .Pq vertical position ,  
 .Sq \em  
 .Pq text colour ,  
 .Sq \eM  
 .Pq text filling colour ,  
 .Sq \ez  
 .Pq zero-length character ,  
 .Sq \ew  
 .Pq string length ,  
 .Sq \ek  
 .Pq horizontal position marker ,  
 .Sq \eo  
 .Pq text overstrike ,  
 and  
 .Sq \es  
 .Pq text size  
 escape sequences are all discarded in mandoc.  
 .It  
 The  
 .Sq \ef  
 scaling unit is accepted by mandoc, but rendered as the default unit.  
 .It  
 In quoted literals, groff allows pairwise double-quotes to produce a  
 standalone double-quote in formatted output.  
 This is not supported by mandoc.  
 .El  .El
 .Sh SEE ALSO  .Sh SEE ALSO
 .Xr man 1 ,  .Xr man 1 ,
Line 3162  utility written by Kristaps Dzonsons appeared in
Line 3339  utility written by Kristaps Dzonsons appeared in
 The  The
 .Nm  .Nm
 reference was written by  reference was written by
 .An Kristaps Dzonsons ,  .An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq Mt kristaps@bsd.lv .
 .Mt kristaps@bsd.lv .  

Legend:
Removed from v.1.216  
changed lines
  Added in v.1.243

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